二元矢量喷管流场的N－S方程计算

对二元矢量喷管在不同工况下的流场进行了数值模拟。求解的控制方程为三维非定常Ｎ－Ｓ方程。空间方向用有限体积离散，时间方向用Ｒｕｎｇｅ－Ｋｕｔｔａ法推进。粘性项的计算上采用了一种有限体积框架下新的离散化方法。湍流模型采用了广泛使用的Ｂａｌｄｗｉｎ－Ｌｏｍａｘ代数模型。计算表明，本文方法能准确地计算二元矢量喷管、非矢量喷管在设计与大设计落压比下的流场。     

预燃室三维湍流和燃烧过程的数值模拟 (Ⅰ)计算模型和方法

对液氧－煤油液体火箭发动机的预燃室进行三维维湍流流动与燃烧过程的数值模拟，流动采用圆柱坐标系中的三维N－S方程组，并用k-ε双方程测流模型闭合，用同位网格和SIMPLE算法求解，源项进行线性化处理以便于收敛；离散后的方程采用SIP法求解；燃烧采用单频快速不可逆化学反应，喷注单元和预燃室头部的喷雾可以考虑液滴颗轨道模型（PSIC），针对液氧－煤油液体火箭发动机的预燃室建立耦合计算软件，通过考核算例获得燃气流场，组合浓度场和温度场的合理分布。     

跨音速低展弦比轴流风扇转子内部流场的数值研究

采用三维雷诺平均Ｎ－Ｓ方程程序求解跨音速压气机风扇转子内部流场。这个程序采用有限体积显式时间推进方法求解控制方程,方程自变量选取在控制体顶点,采用简单的Ｈ型网格离散方程,离散后的代数方程用两步Ｒｕｎｇｅ－Ｋｕｔａ法进行时间推进求解,使用多重网格和当地时间步长方法加速计算收敛。程序中使用了Ｂａｌｄｗｉｎ－Ｌｏｍａｘ模型模拟湍流影响。用该方法计算了ＮＡＳＡ６７＃跨音速风扇转子的性能曲线,并重点计算最高效率点工况下内部流场。计算结果与实验结果的比较,证明该法可以用来模拟跨音速风扇转子内部流动。     

旋转离心叶轮内湍流的非结构化网格数值计算

给出了同位非结构化网格数值求解旋转离心叶轮内湍流流场的SIMPLE算法。网格划分采用改进的阵面推进法。控制方程采用通用的对流扩散方程并利用有限控制容积法离散。湍流模型采用标准的k-ε模型。形成的代数方程组用带有预条件器的共轭梯度平方法（CGS）求解。最后利用所给出的算法对一实验用的旋转离心叶轮进行计算。计算结果和实验数据基本相符,说明该算法合理,编程正确,可作为流场预测的理论工具。     

NACA4412翼型低速绕流数值计算中湍流模型对比

使用Spalart-Allmaras(S-A)、SSTk-ω、Gao-Yong 3种湍流模型对NACA4412翼型低速绕流进行了数值计算,研究了尾迹流动松弛效应。对流项采用Roe格式离散,扩散项采用二阶中心格式离散,离散后的控制方程用多步Runge-Kutta显示时间推进法求解。计算中对翼型尾缘流松弛效应进行了分析,比较了翼型表面压力系数、速度剖面、雷诺应力等的分布,3种湍流模型总体上能够较好地模拟NACA4412翼型低速绕流。SSTk-ω模型对流动细节及升力系数计算最好,Gao-Yong模型对翼型平均速度剖面及雷诺剪切应力分布计算最准确。     

折流环形燃烧室流动过程数值模拟与分析

为深入研究折流式环形燃烧室燃烧过程,在任意曲线坐标系下发展了一套可对湍流燃烧进行数值分析的数值模拟软件。通过求解偏微分方程生成数值研究所需结构化网格,使用混合差分格式对气相控制方程进行离散并基于SIMPLE算法进行求解,分别采用RNG k-ε与Wilcox k-ω模型分析不同湍流模型对计算结果的影响,近壁区域流动采用三层壁面函数法加以处理。数值模拟结果表明,引入燃烧室的新鲜空气在扩压器出口流动方向发生折返,在扩压器下侧形成了较大的回流区域,导致较大的总压损失。不同紊流模型预测结果与试验数据符合较好,其中Wilcox k-ω最为准确,更适用于折流燃烧室燃烧过程的数值分析。     

液氢/液氧火箭发动机喷雾燃烧过程三维数值模拟

用三维湍流Ｎ－Ｓ方程及拟流体模型描述液体火箭发动机内部喷雾两相燃烧流动过程,两相之间的质量交换采用蒸发模型计算,气相化学反应速率采用Ａｒｒｈｅｎｉｕｓ公式计算。采用ＳＩＭＰＬＥＲ与ＩＰＳＡ算法求解两相控制方程并对氢氧发动机燃烧流动过程进行了三维数值分析,得到了发动机推力室内燃气参数的详细分布情况。结果表明对氢氧发动机而言,蒸发过程非常快,推进剂混合过程是燃烧过程的决定因素。     

对 k-ω 湍流模型的改进

为了更适合于较复杂几何外形的数值计算，本文提出仅引入１个参数来改进ｋ－ω湍流模型并采用了一种双网格系统的有限体积格式来求解Ｎ－Ｓ方程与改进的的ｋ－ω模型方程。通过平板附面层的计算结果表明了用本文提出的对ｋ－ω湍流模型的改进对控制转捩是有效的。     

激波-边界层-分离流相互干扰三维湍流的数值模拟

本文采用数值方法求解时间相关三维可压缩雷诺平均Ｎａｖｉｅｒ－Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ方程组,模拟激波—边界层—分离流相互干扰三维湍流流动。湍流模型为Ｂａｄｗｉｎ－Ｌｏｍａｘ两层代数模型,改进后用于三维内流问题。采用单元中心有限体积法离散流场控制方程,ＶａｎＬｅｅｒ矢通量格式计算无粘通量,中心差分法计算粘性通量,ＬＵＳＧＳ时间推进格式计算定常流场。本文以二元跨音速扩压器内三流动为算例,数值模拟较强激波—边界层—分离流相互干扰维湍流流动,并与实验结果进行了比较。数值模拟结果,在激波强度、分离点位置和再附点位置等方面,与实验结果吻合较好。     

三维高超声速喷流干扰流场的数值模拟

采用ＬＵ隐式方法求解了有限体积法离散的完全Ｎ－Ｓ方程,数值模拟了三维高超声速喷流干扰流场。计算中采用了Ｊａｍｅｓｏｎ的当地极值递减（ＬＥＤ）格式和Ｂａｌｄｗｉｎ－Ｌｏｍａｘ代数湍流模型,与实验结果相比较,数值方法对附体流动计算较准确,对分离区附近流场计算有一定误差。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.