变热线过热比可压缩流湍流度测量方法优化

开展了可压缩流中湍流度测量技术的优化研究，以满足对试验数据高精度评估的需求。在变热线过热比湍流度测量方法推导过程中，忽略了压力脉动项以简化湍流度求解过程。为更加准确评估高速风洞流场湍流度，引入了压力脉动项，以恒温热线风速仪响应关系式为基础，从理论上对可压缩流中湍流度的求解方法进行了优化。在马赫数0.3~0.7进行了湍流度测量试验，并分别利用优化前后的湍流度求解方法对试验数据进行了处理。结果表明两种求解方法所得的湍流度结果量值相近，但优化后的湍流度求解方法所得的湍流度结果随马赫数的变化趋势更加符合客观物理规律。利用蒙特卡洛模拟方法对湍流度的不确定度进行了求解，不确定度量值远小于湍流度量值，表明优化后的湍流度求解方法所得的湍流度结果基本能够代表真实值。试验结果证明了优化后湍流度测量方法的正确性及应用恒温热线风速仪对高速风洞流场湍流度进行测量的可行性。     

最小二乘独立线性度的测量不确定度

介绍了用最小二乘法评价线性测量系统线性度指标时，测量结果的不确定分析和评价过程，讨论了影响评价结果不确定度的几个主要误差来源，给出了减小线性度指标评价不确定度的主要措施：（1）环境控制措施，以减少环境带来的不确定度；（2）选取高精度信号，以减少信号源带来的不确定度。通过实例，给出了线性度指标不确定度分析和评价结果。本文方法及结论可应在于讲理标准进行性度指标的不确定分析上，也可用于估计线性度指标本身的不确定度。     

氦气分析检测中不确定度评定

依据JJF1135-2005<化学分析测量不确定度评定>,对氦气分析检测中的不确定度进行了评定,分析了各不确定度分量,并通过建立气相色谱外标法测量结果不确定度的数学模型 ,计算了其测量结果的相对合成标准不确定度和扩展不确定度.     

100～500mm外径千分尺平面度、平行度的修理方法改进探讨

对传统100～500mm外径千分尺平面度、平行度修理方法进行了改进，提高了该千分尺的平面度、平行度修理效率及合格率。     

四氧化二氮纯度测定的不确定度分析

对四氧化二氮纯度测定的不确定度进行了分析,分析了引起四氧化二氮纯度测定不确定度的有关分量及相关因素,研究了四氧化二氮纯度测定不确定度各分量及合成不确定度的计算方法,并通过实际的四氧化二氮纯度测定数据计算出了四氧化二氮纯度测定的标准不确定度为0.12%,扩展不确定度为0.24%,为出具更具规范性、权威性的四氧化二氮纯度测定化验报告打下了基础,并对其他化验项目的不确定度研究具有一定的借鉴作用.     

平板平面度测量不确定度分析及测量标准选择

对用电子水平仪检定平板平面度测量结果的不确定度进行了分析评定,通过将测量结果不确定度与平板平面度最大允许误差进行分析比较,提出了不同于JJG-2005《平板检定规程》选择平板平面度测量标准器的方法.     

数字压力计测量结果的不确定度评定

介绍了数字压力计的测量不确定度分析和评价过程,讨论了主要的不确定度来源,包括测量误差、分辨力误差、以及测量重复性等,给出了不确定度模型。在一个实际评价例子上,给出了不确定度分析和评价结果,不确定度评定验证表明了该过程的正确性和切实可行性。     

某型固体火箭发动机推力测量不确定度的评定

根据“固体火箭发动机测量不确定度的评定”航天工业行业标准ＱＪ１２７５－９４,对某型固体发动机推力测量进行了不确定度的评定。文中简述了发动机推力测量系统工作原理、不确定度来源、不确定度计算。给出了固体发动机推力测量不确定度。     

浅谈检测实验室的测量不确定度评定

依据ISO/IECl7025标准中的规定,实验室应具有不确定度评定程序和对每一项有数值要求的测量结果进行不确定度评定的能力。当客户、认可机构及质量体系和检测方法有要求时,能够出具不确定度的检测报告。本文阐述了检测实验室不确定度评定程序的建立,不确定度评定流程,举例说明了不确定度评定方法,并提出了一些注意事项。     

脆硬材料光滑表面的波纹度及其产生机制初探

分析了通过不同方法加工获得的表同的波纹度,初步探索了波纹度产生的原因,并提出了减小抛光中波纹度的方案。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

Large Amplitude Flexural Vibration of the Orthotropic Composite Plate Embedded with Shape Memory Alloy Fibers

研究了形状记忆合金(SMA)纤维混杂复合材料大挠度层合板的非线性自由与受迫振动特性。基于描述SMA力学行为的Brinson理论以及层合板材料性能预测的混合率,建立了SMA纤维混杂复合材料大挠度层合板的本构方程,基于对称层合各向异性弹性板的非线性理论,建立了以横向挠度和应力函数表示的板的横向振动方程和相容方程。采用Galerkin近似解法将振动方程化为时间变量的含有3次非线性项的Duffing型常微分方程,采用谐波平衡法(HBM)获得系统的固有频率方程和强迫振动稳态频率响应方程。数值计算表明,非线性板自由振动频率比与激励温度的关系具有与线性板相同的特征,马氏体相向奥氏体相转变阶段温度对板的振动频响特性曲线的影响最显著,同时也讨论了SMA纤维含量、板的纵横比以及自由振动幅值对板的非线性频率比的影响。     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.     

飞行器服役（作战）完整性的提出与发展

飞行器服役完整性（对于军用飞行器也称为作战完整性）更综合地表征了飞行器在服役（作战）使用过程中的质量特性。本文首先介绍了飞行器服役（作战）完整性概念的提出过程,讨论了飞行器服役（作战）完整性的基本内涵和基本特性,阐明了飞行器服役（作战）完整性是飞行器服役（作战）适用性与飞行器服役（作战）效能发挥的基础。然后介绍了飞行器服役（作战）完整性的三种表征参数：飞行器固有完好率、飞行器固有健康度、飞行器服役（作战）完整度,并梳理了飞行器服役（作战）完整性优化设计的基本方法。最后提出了飞行器服役（作战）完整性的控制原理,指出了飞行器服役（作战）完整性发展的基础、研究方法和目前我国航空航天领域急需研究和发展的方向。     

吸气式高超声速飞行器大迎角气动特性分析

吸气式高超声速飞行器在飞行过程中受到大气紊流等外部干扰的作用时,飞行姿态很可能会出现大迎角情况。针对大迎角飞行时飞行器可能出现的气动问题,对一种典型吸气式高超声速飞行器的流场进行了数值模拟。以雷诺平均Navier-Stokes(RANS)方程为控制方程,采用标准k-ε湍流模型求解,得到其流场特征和气动特性。重点针对大迎角情况,分别对整机气动特性、进气道性能和全动尾翼气动性能进行了分析,并结合流场特征作出解释。结果表明,机身和发动机之间存在气动/推进耦合现象。大迎角下飞行器的气动参数表现出非线性特性,升阻比减小,整机纵向表现为静不稳定,且不稳定性随迎角增大而增大;进气道性能在大迎角下降低,从而导致发动机推力下降,不利于发动机的正常工作,但却适当降低了整机的纵向静不稳定度;全动尾翼操纵效率降低从而使得配平难度增大。     

方波幅度的测量不确定度

介绍了用众数法评价方波幅度时的不确定度分析和评价过程；讨论了主要的不确定度来源，包括众数判别区间的影响、波形测量系统幅度测量误差的影响等等；给出了减小不确定度的主要措施，并结合一个实例，给出了方波幅度的不确定度评价结果。     

MVC设计模式在Swing开发的实际运用

描述了由于Struts框架的局限性,而开发的基于Applet和Application为前台程序的MVC设计框架。详细地讲解了在框架中各个模块的划分和功能,阐述了各个模块的实现逻辑,以及如何利用Java面向对象的优势来编写代码,并分析了该框架的优势和缺陷。同时也在文中列出了部分实现代码。