几种机载视频技术要点分析与发展趋势探讨

在分析某些当前主流机载视频处理技术的基础上,结合其发展历程和需求,着重分析了目前机载视频处理中的视频切换、视频叠加等技术,并总结了图像质量的发展、隔行到逐行的发展、视频接口的发展以及当前主流机载视频处理技术的发展趋势。可为同类工作提供参考。     

航空视频电路抗干扰设计

从原理着手分析了影响航空视频电路电磁干扰的几个重要因素,采取降低时钟信号的干扰、保护敏感信号、数模混合电路统一接地、防止电源干扰、减少高频辐射对电路的影响等措施,提高视频电路板的电磁兼容设计,有效地提高电子产品的抗干扰能力和电子兼容性。     

机载视频系统信号参数测量

针对机载视频系统的特点,探讨了工程设计中视频信号测量的若干问题和测量方法。     

视频传输中的阻抗匹配研究

介绍了视频输入、输出电路的类型和各种阻抗匹配方法的特点,并列举了这些匹配方法在实践中的应用。     

基于FPGA的视频转换模块设计与实现

主要阐述了基于FPGA的视频转换模块（VCM）的设计与实现,重点描述了VCM模块的系统结构设计、基本硬件设计及功能实现。VCM模块主要完成显示信息的选择、叠加、图像缩放等功能,显示信息通过输出接口分别输出到显示器上。     

视频条件下SAR仿真

分析了合成孔径雷达信号处理过程,在视频条件下使用VC 6.0与SimuLink结合构建了机载合成孔径雷达仿真系统软件,采用RD算法实现了点目标成像仿真,与在中频条件下相比速度上具有显著的优势。     

使用ASIC芯片实现高清视频编码的设计

本文以高清视频编码为切入点,首先介绍了一款高性能的视频编码ASIC芯片FH8735,然后通过对视频编码设备整体框架的设计介绍,引入了视频编码设备的硬件原理设计方案和软件设计方案,硬件设计方案以不同输入视频格式的种类为章节详细叙述了几种常用视频编码的原理设计,软件设计方案从软件架构和软件流程上对视频编码设备软件进行了讨论。可以看出,ASIC芯片以其独有的优势使得视频编码设备设计越来越简单、功能越来越强大、性能越来越可靠。     

视频序列中的人脸检测算法

根据视频序列的特性,首先采用背景差分法提取视频中的运动区域,之后对检测的运动区域采用对数扩展的方式调整光照的影响。采用基于YCbCr颜色空间的肤色模型进行检测得到人脸候选区域,并采用一定的阈值去除小的非人脸的区域,再通过在人脸候选区域检测眼睛位置,利用人脸几何特征精确定位人脸。实验表明,该方法提高了检测速度,降低了误检率,可以应用在视频监控等实时系统中。     

基于Internet的视频流技术研究

 Internet 服务质量( QoS) 的时空波动性给设计和实现Internet 实时视频流系统提出了巨大的挑战。以终端系统为研究对象, 给出了端到端的Internet 视频流系统结构, 建立了基于Gilber t 模型的信道包丢失率计算方法, 提出了位率自适应视频流协议SAVSP。实验结果表明, 所提出的视频流系统结构合理, SAVSP 协议性能优于目前主流的AIMD 协议。     

VGA视频信号测量方法

本文论述了VGA视频信号一些重要参数的测量方法,提供了测试VGA视频信号的可操作手段.利用这些测量方法能够很方便地对VGA视频信号进行分析,有助于查找问题.     

Moving Object Detecting Method in Video

A method of moving object detection that integrates image gradient information with motion information is described herein. One multi-scale morphological gradient operator is used to detect gradient information. This operator has a very good effect on the detail of the edge location. The result is superior to the traditional method in edge continuity and isotropy. Past approaches have used methods of detection based on motion information and edge information, but this is the first to use a multi-scale morphological gradient operator. The implementation described can operate on lower resolution images under difficult conditions. Novel contributions include: 1. Based on multi-scale morphological gradient operator, this algorithm is robust to noise, object shadow, and illumination. 2. Using interframe difference and only the first two frames, this detection method uses very little computation and is suitable for real-time applications. 3. This method can detect rigid-body or non-rigid-body moving objects among video sequences with complicated backgrounds.     

航拍视频的多向条带拼接算法

无人机航拍视频中经常出现航向频繁改变的情况。基于条带的视频拼接算法尽管在处理速度上有很大优势,但是限制了相机的拍摄方式,主要处理平动相机拍摄的视频。用于采集全景图信息的纵向条带如用来扫描非平动场景会使效率降低甚至失效,所以不能直接拼接航拍视频。针对该问题,本文提出一种多向条带拼接算法,通过量化场景运动方向到预先定义的多个区间,分情况选取最佳方向的条带,控制了条带扫描方向与场景运动方向之间的最大夹角,从而避免了采集效率的降低。实验结果表明这种方法能有效拼接航向变化的仿真视频,全景图结果覆盖的场景范围大于原算法,证明了算法的有效性。     

Hardware-Constrained Hybrid Coding of Video Imagery

The design, implementation, and performance of a video bandwidth compression system is described. In this system, compression is obtained by several methods including the use of DCT/DCPM hybrid coding, frame rate reduction, and resolution reduction. The overall compression ratio is up to 1000:1. The hardware-constrained design of the DCT and the DPCM is described and a new method is derived to solve the optimum integer bit-assignment problem associated with the block quantization process in the DPCM. Computer simulation results are presented which predict that the performance of the system using the derived optimal bit assignment method is superior to those obtained by other bit assignment methods. The real-time hybrid coding system design is optimized for a set of ?modified? average statistics to compress a wide variety of input video images. This approach eliminates the problem of nonzero dc mean value which could otherwise cause serious degradations in the system performance. The compression system is fully implemented and the quality of the reconstructed video as predicted by computer simulation has been demonstrated by the actual hardware performance. The PSNR of the reconstructed imagery is in excess of 36 dB at 2 bits per pixel.     

Video watermarking synchronization based on profile statistics

A novel temporal synchronization method for video watermarking by matching the profile statistics. The profile statistics, represented by the characteristic parameters such as position mean and variance in the x-and y-directions, of a frame in a video sequence can easily be calculated and sent as side information to the receiver. At the receiving end, temporal attacks such as transposition, dropping, and insertion can be detected by comparing side information and characteristic parameters calculated from the received video. The simulation results show that the proposed method can successfully re-synchronize the attacked video back to the original format with accuracy from 72.41% to 98.15% for various video sequences based on single frame matching. After the voting process, the GOP detection accuracy can be improved to the range of from 96.30% to 100%.     

视频内窥镜技术在火箭管路上的应用

为检测火箭增压输送管路内表面缺陷,提高管路质量,开展了内窥镜技术在火箭管路内表面应用技术研究。介绍了内窥镜设备技术特点,内窥镜管路检测存在问题,设备探头选择和尺寸测量校准的工艺方法,对检测出的内表面缺陷类型进行归类总结,对难以定性的缺陷利用电镜和金相等技术进行微观分析。结果显示:采用视频内窥镜检测技术对火箭管路内表面进行检测时,应根据增压输送管路的内径尺寸优先选择直径较大的探头;采用标定缺陷对比法进行测量校准,其测量准确,现场检测适用性强;检测缺陷图像清晰,效果稳定,内表面缺陷类型定性准确,检测效果满足工艺要求。