基于多项式函数求解的落角约束制导律

在攻击坦克、舰艇等特定目标时,需要对导弹的终端落角进行约束,进一步提高战斗部的毁伤效能。针对这一问题,设计了基于多项式函数推导的落角约束制导律。首先在纵向对称平面内建立弹目相对运动学的小扰动线性化模型,利用落角和脱靶量的始端和终端约束条件,推导得到了满足落角约束的制导律的解析表达式。对该制导律进行仿真,仿真结果表明该制导律可以使导弹按照期望落角命中目标。     

过虚拟交班点的能量最优制导律

针对固定目标的导弹过虚拟交班点制导问题，在希尔伯特空间下，基于最优化理论设计了有无终端落角约束两种情况下的全局能量最优制导律。通过对模型进行线性化，将提出的最优制导模型转化为线性二次型最优控制问题，在此基础上利用零控脱靶量（ZEM）概念对系统模型进行降阶，并推导出解析解。设计的制导律可以使导弹准确经过虚拟交班点，并实现期望终端落角。仿真结果表明，与经典制导律对比，该制导律可以显著减少全局控制能量消耗。     

高速再入飞行器带落角约束末制导律研究

针对高速再入飞行器以预定角度攻击地面目标的要求,提出了一种基于Lyapunov稳定性定理的具有终端落角约束的末制导律.该制导律在纵向平面内将视线角及其角速率视为状态变量,合理构造Lyapunov函数,通过调节Lyapunov函数的系数,保证以期望的落角击中目标.该导引律不需增加任何制导观测信息,就可以有效满足落角约束要求.最后,以CAV-H为对象进行了三维仿真.仿真结果表明,该制导律能有效提高制导精度,并且多项性能指标均优于最优制导律.     

基于纯比例导引的拦截碰撞角约束制导策略

拦截碰撞角约束制导是当前导弹制导研究的关键问题之一。首先基于理想比例导引（IPN）律拦截非机动目标的解析解,推导了纯比例导引律（PPN）拦截固定目标的解析解,得到了弹目相对距离、制导指令加速度和导弹前置角的显示表达式,并进一步得到了拦截碰撞角与弹目相对运动状态和比例导引系数之间的解析表达式。其次,基于该解析表达式,提出了基于PPN的拦截碰撞角约束制导策略（PPNIACG）,并探讨了在铅垂面内进行落角约束打击和水平面内进行拦截碰撞角约束打击的2种实现方式。最后,以弹道成型制导律（TSG）和最优碰撞角约束制导律（OIACG）为参考,通过数值仿真算例,对PPNIAC的拦截性能进行了对比分析,验证了所提出制导策略的有效性和正确性。     

带落角和末端攻角约束的最优末制导律

针对现代导弹武器多约束、高精度制导的基本要求,在综合考虑带落角和末端攻角约束的条件下,用二次型最优控制推导出一种新的最优末制导律。仿真结果表明,该末制导律既能够满足高精度制导的要求,同时也能够满足对落角和末端攻角的控制要求。     

有落角约束的参数可调最优制导律

基于最优二次型控制理论,对传统有落角约束的最优制导律进行了改进。选取的二次型准则不仅包括对终端状态的约束,还在积分部分包含一个指数增长的时间相关项,推导了一种参数可变的有落角约束的最优制导律。对PN模型的仿真结果表明,系统不但能够满足落角约束和较小的脱靶量,而且随着选取参数的增加,使得系统在接近末端时过载指令减小且变化平缓。     

弹道可调的落角约束分数阶滑模制导律设计

针对制导弹道带落角约束的末制导问题,提出了一种基于分数阶微积分理论的时变滑模制导律。可通过提前设置参数调整制导弹道,分数阶的引入增加了制导弹道的可变性和多样性。利用李雅普诺夫稳定性理论证明了制导律的稳定性。采用分数阶积分中值定理,将分数阶微分方程转化为一阶线性微分方程,并求解出状态误差的解析式,最后利用夹逼定理证明了制导律的收敛性。数值仿真结果表明,该制导律在保证高制导精度的同时,可大范围改变弹道形式,使制导弹道复杂多变难以预测。     

考虑扰动及控制饱和的多约束末制导方法

在末制导阶段,飞行器受到建模误差、风、目标运动等多种扰动的影响,且导引头视场、攻角及落角受到约束。为此,提出一种多约束及扰动下的末制导方法。将制导问题转化为存在扰动与控制饱和的系统的镇定问题。设计低增益状态反馈律镇定系统,利用线性扩张状态观测器观测系统中的扰动并在反馈律中对其进行补偿。以此为基础推导得到末制导律。基于Lambert W函数研究制导律参数对视线角收敛的影响,并提出制导律参数的自适应整定方法。通过在线调整制导律参数,保证全部约束得到满足。在多种扰动下,通过数值仿真验证提出的制导方法。仿真结果表明,制导律满足所有约束且获得的制导精度较高。     

基于Lyapunov稳定性的扩展比例制导律设计

基于一般弹目平面运动模型,以视线角、视线角速率为状态变量将弹目运动关系转换为二阶控制系统状态空间表达,把制导律设计转化为系统控制律的设计问题.在此控制模型的基础之上,利用Lyapunov稳定性定理,以视线角速率平方项作为能量函数设计了一种新型的扩展比例导引律,与其他扩展比例导引律相比,该导引律不需要增加任何制导观测信息,可以有效抑制噪声影响,并将基于Lyapunov稳定性的末制导律设计方法推广到有终端角约束的制导律设计中.仿真结果比较表明,该制导律可以提高制导精度、有效减小制导信息中的噪声影响.     

一种考虑一阶惯性环节的最优制导律

本文利用微分对策理论方法研究了在三维空间里,以一阶惯性环节考虑导弹和目标动力学因素的最优制导律问题。给出了一个矢量形式的最优反馈制导律,并在反馈增益中引用了系统控制刚度参量k,进而给出了新的综合意义。 最后,在一定条件下,通过进一步近似还给出了一个次优制导律。     

Optimal guidance of extended trajectory shaping

To control missile＇s miss distance as well as terminal impact angle, by involving the timeto-go-nth power in the cost function, an extended optimal guidance law against a constant maneuvering target or a stationary target is proposed using the linear quadratic optimal control theory.An extended trajectory shaping guidance（ETSG） law is then proposed under the assumption that the missile-target relative velocity is constant and the line of sight angle is small. For a lag-free ETSG system, closed-form solutions for the missile＇s acceleration command are derived by the method of Schwartz inequality and linear simulations are performed to verify the closed-form results. Normalized adjoint systems for miss distance and terminal impact angle error are presented independently for stationary targets and constant maneuvering targets, respectively. Detailed discussions about the terminal misses and impact angle errors induced by terminal impact angle constraint, initial heading error, seeker zero position errors and target maneuvering, are performed.     

基于最优误差动力学的时间角度控制制导律

针对带有攻击时间和终端攻击角度约束的导弹制导问题,设计了一种基于最优误差动力学的时间角度控制制导律,并给出了明确的性能指标。推导广义最优角度控制制导律作用下的剩余飞行时间估算表达式,在广义最优角度控制制导律的基础上增加攻击时间误差反馈项,将攻击时间误差看做跟踪误差,设计的制导律使跟踪误差以最优模式在有限时间内收敛到零,最终实现攻击时间和终端攻击角度的共同控制。对不同参数下的情况进行仿真,验证了所提制导律的有效性。     

Generalized guidance law for homing missiles

The concept of a generalized guidance law is presented, and the closed-form solution for a homing missile pursuing a maneuvering target according to generalized guidance laws is given. It is shown that the guidance laws appearing in the literature are merely special cases of the one proposed by the authors. The derived generalized forms of capture area, missile acceleration, and homing time duration that are derived provide insight into the performance of the guidance laws being considered and lead to the discovery of new ones. The problem of finding a nonlinear optimal guidance law for a homing missile with controlled acceleration, applied so as to capture a maneuvering target with a predetermined trajectory while minimizing a weighted linear combination of time of capture and energy expenditures, is solved in closed form. The derived optimal control law is equal to the LOS (line of sight) rate multiplied by a trigonometric function of the aspect angle. Numerical simulation shows that the resulting guidance law appears to yield a significant advantage over true proportional navigation     

考虑驾驶仪动态特性的固定时间收敛制导律

针对打击机动目标的制导问题,设计了一种同时考虑攻击角度约束、自动驾驶仪动态特性和固定时间收敛的新型制导律。首先,基于非奇异终端滑模控制和固定时间稳定性理论,采用反步递推方法设计制导律。在制导律设计过程中,设计了一种固定时间收敛的非奇异终端滑模面,基于固定时间控制和滑模控制,设计虚拟控制律,构造一种非线性一阶滤波器解决传统反步设计中的"微分膨胀"问题。基于超螺旋算法和固定时间稳定性理论,设计了一种固定时间收敛的滑模干扰观测器,用于估计目标机动等干扰。然后,基于Lyapunov稳定性理论,对制导律的固定时间稳定性进行了证明,并给出了收敛时间的表达式。最后,通过仿真分析,验证了所提制导律的有效性,和现有制导律相比,所提制导律具有较高的制导精度和角度约束精度、较快的系统收敛速度以及较少的能量消耗。     

Impact time control guidance against maneuvering targets based on a nonlinear virtual relative model

Aiming at the problem of high-precision interception of air-maneuvering targets with impact time constraints, this paper proposes a novel guidance law based on a nonlinear virtual relative model in which the origin is attached to the target. In this way, the original maneuvering target is transformed into a stationary one. A polynomial function of the guidance command in the range domain with two unknown coefficients is introduced into the virtual model, one of the coefficients is determined to ...     

一种新型三维制导律设计的非线性方法

 结合微分几何和李群方法的优点,设计了一种非解耦的新型三维(3D)制导律。首先,基于微分几何理论,得到了导弹运动的微分几何描述方程,无需估计剩余飞行时间。然后,通过李群旋量描述,建立了视线方位角与视线角速率之间的联系。最后,在以上工作的基础上,利用李雅普诺夫稳定理论,针对导弹制导的无终端约束和有终端约束情况分别进行了相应制导律设计。该制导律不需要估算剩余飞行时间,并且能够满足终端角度约束的要求。仿真结果表明：所设计制导律能够适应于高速、大机动倾斜转弯(BTT)导弹精确制导。     

Three-dimensional adaptive finite-time guidance law for intercepting maneuvering targets

To intercept maneuvering targets at desired impact angles, a three-dimensional terminal guidance problem is investigated in this study. Because of a short terminal guidance time, a finitetime impact angle control guidance law is developed using the fast nonsingular terminal sliding mode control theory. However, the guidance law requires the upper bound of lumped uncertainty including target acceleration, which may not be accurately obtained. Therefore, by adopting a novel reaching law, an adaptive sliding mode guidance law is provided to release the drawback. At the same time, this method can accelerate the convergence rate and weaken the chattering phenomenon to a certain extent. In addition, another novel adaptive guidance law is also derived; this ensures systems asymptotic and finite-time stability without the knowledge of perturbations bounds.Numerical simulations have demonstrated that all the three guidance laws have effective performances and outperform the traditional terminal guidance laws.     

An adaptive fast fixed-time guidance law with an impact angle constraint for intercepting maneuvering targets

Sliding mode guidance laws based on a conventional terminal sliding mode guarantees only finite-time convergence, which verifies that the settling time is required to be estimated by selecting appropriate initial launched conditions. However, rapid convergence to a desired impact angle within a uniform bounded finite time is important in most practical guidance applications. A uniformly finite-time/fixed-time convergent guidance law means that the convergence (settling) time is predefined independently on initial conditions, that is, a closed-loop convergence time can be estimated a priori by guidance parameters. In this paper, a novel adaptive fast fixed-time sliding mode guidance law to intercept maneuver targets at a desired impact angle from any initial heading angle, with no problems of singularity and chattering, is designed. The proposed guidance law achieves system stabilization within bounded settling time independent on initial conditions and achieves more rapid convergence than those of fixed-time stable control methods by accelerating the convergence rate when the system is close to the origin. The achieved acceleration-magnitude constraints are rigorously enforced, and the chattering-free property is guaranteed by adaptive switching gains. Extensive numerical simulations are presented to validate the efficiency and superiority of the proposed guidance law for different initial engagement geometries and impact angles.     

Modified rolling guidance law for single moving mass controlled reentry vehicle against maneuvering target with impact angle constraints

This paper deals with the problem of guidance law design for the single moving mass controlled reentry vehicle when impact angle constraints and maneuvering target are taken into consideration. More specifically, a modified rolling guidance law is proposed with the interactive virtual target and the landing point prediction strategy. First, considering the fact that the roll channel can be controlled directly, the relative motion between the single moving mass controlled reentry vehicle and the ...