组合叶栅的实验研究(一)

首次提出了用于可逆风机叶片设计的组合叶栅设想及其评价准则，并对组合叶栅进行了叶栅的性能实验，通过实验数据的分析，肯定了组合叶栅设想的可行性，适当地选取叶栅的组合参数B、T，可以使组合叶栅的整体性能得到大幅度的提高，与现有的翼型相比，Cymax^N R,αCymax^N R均有不同程度的提高。     

涡轮轮毂封严冷气对主流影响实验研究

本文针对不同冷气量和不同冷气喷入角组合工况下涡轮轮毂封严冷气对主流影响进行了实验研究,在一列低速涡轮平面叶栅上对不同工况下的叶栅出口流场、通道流场进行了测试。实验结果表明:在1.0%～1.8%冷气量下,1.0%冷气量沿45°喷入对主流影响最小,涡轮叶栅气动性能最优。     

轴向密流比对叶栅性能的影响

轴向密流比对叶栅性能有较大的影响,本文对该问题进行理论及实验研究,导出了叶栅主要性能参数与轴向密流比的关联方程,通过压气机叶栅吹风实验,得到了不同轴向密流比条件下的叶栅性能。理论计算与实验结果吻合的程度令人满意,表明文中所得出的理论关联式可以有效地估算轴向密流比对叶栅流动的影响,具有一定的实用价值。     

叶片弯曲对不同折转角扩压叶栅冲角特性影响

实验在低速环形风洞上研究了冲角变化对不同弯曲角度、不同叶型折转角扩压叶栅气动性能的影响.结果表明, 随着叶型折转角的增大, 正弯叶栅变冲角性能的最佳弯角范围逐渐缩小, 大折转角正弯叶栅的气动性能受冲角变化的影响要大于小折转角叶栅正弯叶栅;在正冲角下, 60°叶型折转角正弯叶栅性能对弯角变化十分敏感, 此时不宜采用超过15°弯角的正弯叶栅.      

组合抽吸对高负荷压气机叶栅流动分离控制的研究

为了研究组合抽吸对高负荷压气机叶栅内部分离流动控制的效果和机理,以内部同时存在有吸力面附面层分离和角区分离的压气机叶栅为研究对象,利用实验和数值模拟对3种不同的抽吸方案进行了探索。结果表明:附面层抽吸可以显著地改善叶栅性能和攻角特性; 在-5°～8°攻角范围内,吸附式叶栅的叶型损失系数得到了显著的降低,且抽吸量为0.76%时对应的损失系数降幅达到约67%;吸力面局部叶展抽吸方案(SS1)可以有效地消除抽吸叶展附近的分离,结果却导致角区分离面积变大;组合抽吸方案(CS)基本全部消除了叶栅内吸力面上的附面层分离和角区分离,因此全叶展上的负荷和扩压能力得到了显著的提升;不同攻角下损失系数随抽吸流量组合的变化规律不同,大攻角下吸力面上的抽吸控制更能有效地降低叶栅内的损失;进行组合抽吸时,需要针对不同的攻角选择最佳的抽吸流量组合。     

叶栅风洞计算机测控系统

介绍了以工控机为核心的叶栅风洞测控系统,通过计算机对叶栅风洞实验参数的检测和控制,使叶栅风洞试验系统的性能得到显著提高.     

变攻角下孔隙射流对高负荷扩压叶栅气动性能的影响

本文对采用孔隙射流的某大折转角雎气机叶栅进行了实验研究．给出了不同攻角下叶栅流道内的静压分布、表面极限流线以及出口流场的气动参数,通过在不同叶高处开孔探讨了孔隙射流位置对大负荷扩压叶栅气动性能的影响。实验结果表明,孔隙位置对端壁静压的影响不大;开多孔方案对叶栅气动性能的影响要强于单孔方案：在设计攻角下,孔隙射流能够改善角区流动,同时降低叶片中部损失,单孔方案的最佳开孔位置位于25％相对叶高处,质量平均能量损失系数相对原形叶栅降低4．75％,开多孔方案巾能量损失相对原形叶栅最多降低5．52％：在负攻角下．孔隙射流导致叶栅性能下降,而在正攻角下,孔隙射流大幅提高叶栅性能,能量损失系数相对原形叶栅最多降低12．7％。     

气膜孔喷气对涡轮气动性能影响的实验研究

为了认识气膜孔喷气对涡轮叶栅气动性能和流场结构的影响,应用涡轮平面叶栅风洞,实验测量和分析了在叶片表面不同位置气膜孔喷气情况下涡轮叶栅流场与性能,实验中气膜孔气流采用与涡轮叶栅相同的空气介质。实验结果表明,前缘气膜孔喷气使得涡轮叶栅损失随喷气流量增大而单调增大;但是,叶片压力面和吸力面气膜孔喷气对涡轮叶栅损失影响规律是复杂的,由于叶片表面不同位置流动特点的不同,在叶片表面不同位置的气膜孔喷气对涡轮叶栅流动损失和流动结构等的影响也是不相同的。     

直接反转完全可逆式组合叶栅的实验研究

针对矿井、隧道等行业对风机反风性能的要求，提出了一种动叶直接反转完全可逆式组合叶栅设计的新方案。该方案具有结构简单、正反向性能完全相同、便于采用现有成熟叶型等特点。通过平面叶栅试验确定了重叠度、棚距比等组合叶栅最佳组合参数，此外，试验结果表明在相同雷诺数下，组合叶栅的正反向量大升力系数CL max和失速攻角αL max较现有双对称叶型均有大幅度提高，显示出较好的应用前景。     

基于流场计算的叶栅性能预测研究

通过对搜集到的损失和落后角模型进行优化筛选并修正,发展了一套基于S1流面计算结果的适用于亚音速叶型平面叶栅性能预测的组合模型。同时,考虑了轴向密流比对平面叶栅性能的影响,并验证了关于轴向密流比和落后角关联式的正确性。流场计算程序使用了S1流面无粘计算程序和附面层计算程序,更好地模拟了流场。通过计算与实验对比分析,验证了损失和落后角模型的有效性,为此类叶型的平面叶栅特性预测提供了数值计算技术。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.