一种加速度计小型化V/F电路设计

本文提出了一种惯导系统中加速度计信息采集的V/F方案,其将加速度计输出的电流信号通过采样电阻转化成电压信号,再由高精度V/F芯片进行电压信号到频率信号的转换,然后通过FPGA计数、同步、补偿并最终输出.整个方案的实现过程简单,电路体积小,成本低,非常适用于导弹及鱼雷等捷联惯导系统应用领域.实验证明,该方法提高了加速度计...     

一种基于逆向导航的双轴旋转惯导系统自标定方法

针对惯导系统高精度自标定的需求,提出了一种基于逆向导航的双轴旋转惯导系统自标定方法。通过转位运动对系统误差进行激励,利用Kalman滤波器进行误差估计,同时存储标定数据,待正向导航滤波结束后,利用逆向导航算法对存储数据二次利用,继续进行误差估计,直到所有状态量收敛到一定精度,实现了对数据的充分挖掘。仿真和试验结果表明,该方法可以实现对双轴旋转惯导系统的全参数自标定,提高了标定精度。     

基于H∞ 控制的非线性末制导律设计

 针对三维目标拦截问题,提出一种新的具有强鲁棒性的非线性H_∞末制导律。基于三维弹目相对运动学的非线性关系,将目标机动作为系统扰动,建立了弹目相对运动的数学模型。同时,基于零化弹目视线角速率的思想,提出一种全局非线性H_∞稳定控制策略,得到了连续的非线性末制导律。该方法利用Lyapunov稳定性理论严格证明了制导系统的全局渐近稳定性,并且无需求解哈密尔顿-雅可比-艾萨克斯（HJI）偏微分方程,同时也无需控制弹目相对运动速度。数字仿真表明,和比例导引律相比,这种制导律对高速大机动目标具有很强的鲁棒性和适应性,并能获得良好的制导精度。     

多导弹时间协同制导:一种领弹-被领弹策略

首先,假设各枚导弹的速度为相同常值,领弹采用经典比例导引（PNG）,被领弹采用经典比例导引和机动控制相结合的方式,推导出采用领弹-被领弹策略的多导弹时间协同控制设计模型,该模型实际上描述的是一个非线性的弹目相对运动状态跟踪控制系统。在此系统中,领弹的弹目距离与导弹前置角作为两个参考状态量,被领弹的弹目距离与导弹前置角作为两个待控制的状态量。针对这一弹目相对运动状态跟踪控制系统,采用时标分离的方法设计了期望的慢子系统和快子系统。对这两个子系统分别进行动态逆控制设计,得到了被领弹的机动控制指令。该机动控制指令用于调整被领弹相对目标的运动状态,来逼近领弹相对目标的运动状态,这就保证了所有的导弹能够同时攻击目标。然后,通过为每枚被领弹引入一个与其速度相同的虚拟领弹,将上述方法推广到各枚导弹速度可为不同常值的情况。仿真结果验证了本文方法的有效性。     

地空靶场实时GPS伪距差分测量系统的应用研究

地空靶场实时GPS差分高精度测量系统是当代飞机飞行试验中解决火控系统标校、测控系统校飞或导弹武器系统精度试验等问题的有效手段,是地空靶场测控系统的重要组成部分。本文基于伪距观测量的GPS实时差分定位的原理以及对数学模型的分析,论述了将GPS实时定位技术应用于地空靶场中机载或弹载导航系统的实现方法。文中详细的规划了基准站...     

联合制导攻击武器六自由度系统仿真

重点分析了GPS/IN S复合制导系统及激光导引头的工作原理和建模方法,同时介绍了增程套件的原理,并设计了方案弹道。通过六自由度弹道仿真,比较了增加组件前后联合制导攻击武器的性能指标。研究结论对我国现有库存常规炸弹的制导化改进有一定的参考价值。     

量子定位系统技术发展及其对导弹武器发展的影响

针对现有导航技术的不足,特别是天基卫星导航技术（如GPS）易受到干扰和破坏,美英两国相续进行了量子定位系统技术的研究。分析了量子定位系统产生的背景,阐述了量子定位系统的概念,对量子定位系统进行了分类,分析了其特点,重点梳理了量子定位系统的发展轨迹,继而分析了量子定位系统对导弹武器发展的影响,最后给出总结。     

弹道导弹捷联惯导/天文组合导航方案研究

通过分析捷联惯性导航和天文导航的特点,提出利用扩展卡尔曼滤波方法融合捷联惯导和星光测量信息以提高弹道导弹落点精度的可行方案。研究了捷联惯导系统误差模型,建立了滤波误差状态方程和星敏感器原始信息测量方程。星敏感器从发动机关机后开始工作,在滤波过程中对捷联惯导测量误差进行了反馈校正。仿真结果表明,星敏感器开始工作后导弹的位置、速度和姿态误差的方差立即减小,导弹的落点精度也大幅度提高。     

地地导弹天文导航的一种建模方法

介绍了远程地地弹道式导弹采用惯性／天文组合制导方案的优点。提出了以惯性导航为主、天文导航为辅的一种导航方法，推导出该方法对应的导航基准参数计算模型、导航参数计算模型及天文导航系统的横向导引方程。最后通过仿真计算，给出了所提供的天文导航方法和计算模型对提高导弹命中精度的效能。     

基于动基座重力梯度仪的导弹主动段飞行状态估计

弹道导弹主动段由于惯导系统工具误差和扰动引力的影响,使得导弹关机点状态参数偏离标准关机状态参数,大大影响了导弹的命中精度.为此,提出了基于动基座重力梯度仪的导弹主动段飞行状态估计方案,利用动基座重力梯度仪测得的导弹实际位置引力梯度信息,采用卡尔曼滤波方法,修正导弹当前的飞行状态.通过初步仿真,证明该方法理论上是可行的.     

Performance analysis of PNG laws for randomly maneuvering targets

The performance of the conventional proportional navigation guidance (PNG) law for a randomly maneuvering target is considered. By means of the Lyapunov method, it is proved that an ideal missile guided by the conventional PNG law can always intercept a target which maneuvers with time-varying normal acceleration provided that the navigation constant is sufficiently large. The authors also propose a modified PNG (MPNG) law which seems to improve the performance of the conventional PNG law at the final phase of pursuit. Simulation results demonstrate that the MPNG law demands less missile acceleration at the final phase of pursuit than the conventional PNG law     

飞行器比例导引综述

基于导弹制导和机器人控制等领域，对追踪／截获动目标——导引问题的研究，综观几十年来大量国内外研究成果，系统分析与比较了各种比例导引律的含义、特点与性能。指出纯比例导引及其改进是非常有效的导引方式，可以有效地用于机动目标追踪／截获导引，能为相关领域机动目标导引问题的研究，包括战斗机追踪导引设计提供参考。     

Problem of precision missile guidance: LQR and H/sup /spl infin// control frameworks

Addressed here is the precision missile guidance problem where the successful intercept criterion has been defined in terms of both minimizing the miss distance and controlling the missile body attitude with respect to the target at the terminal point. We show that the H/sup /spl infin// control theory, when suitably modified, provides an effective framework for the precision missile guidance problem. The existence of feedback controllers (guidance laws) is investigated for the case of finite horizon and non-zero initial conditions. Both state feedback and output feedback implementations are explored.     

GPS/INS integration on the Standoff Land Attack Missile (SLAM)

The Standoff Land Attack Missile (SLAM) is a worldwide, all-weather, precision-strike weapon system deployed from carrier-based aircraft. In the primary mode of operation, target location and other mission data are generated from intelligence sources available on the aircraft carrier and loaded into the missile prior to aircraft takeoff. After missile launch, the SLAM inertial navigation system (INS) guides the missile along the planned trajectory. Updating the missile INS from the Global Positioning System (GPS) during flight provides precise midcourse navigation and enhances target acquisition by accurate, on-target pointing of the SLAM Maverick seeker. The GPS/INS avionics and software integration used for SLAM are described in detail, along with some of the design tradeoffs that led to the approach. The avionics configuration integrates the Harpoon midcourse guidance unit, which includes a strapdown inertial sensor package and digital processor, with a Rockwell-Collins single-channel, sequential GPS receiver processor unit (RPU), a derivative of the GPS phase-III user equipment. In addition to the GPS receiver elements the RPU contains the navigation processor, which executes the SLAM navigation, Kalman filter algorithms, and other guidance algorithms including seeker pointing. Flight-test results of the SLAM GPS-aided INS are also included     

Closed-form solution of pure proportional navigation

The closed-form solution of the equations of motion of an ideal missile pursuing a nonmaneuvering target according to the pure proportional navigation law is obtained as a function of the polar coordinates for all real navigation constants N⩾2. The solution is given in the form of a uniformly convergent infinite product which reduces to a product of a finite number of factors if the navigation constant is a rational number. The solution is discussed, and necessary and sufficient conditions are stated for vanishing, bounded, and unbounded missile acceleration in the final phase of pursuit     

主动防御协同自适应滑模制导律

飞机相比于攻击导弹,在飞行速度和机动性能等方面存在着劣势.为了提高其生存几率,设计了一种发射防御导弹协同对抗攻击导弹的自适应滑模制导律.该制导律本质是一种视线(Line of Sight,LOS)制导方法,通过对飞机与防御导弹和防御导弹与攻击导弹间的LOS调整以满足特定的几何关系,从而实现对攻击导弹的主动防御.最后,将所设计的制导律与比例导引进行了仿真比较.结果表明,由于与目标间的协同,所设计的制导律在机动性能和拦截性能方面具有明显的优势,且对于三方的飞行速度变化与攻击导弹的机动具有较强的鲁棒性.     

拦截高超声速目标的异类导弹协同制导律

对于多导弹协同拦截高超声速目标的问题,设计了一种具有领弹-从弹拓扑结构的异类导弹协同制导律:配备有高性能导引头的领弹采用改进比例导引法拦截目标;未配备导引头的从弹利用通信手段,采用二阶一致性跟踪算法,对领弹进行跟踪。两类导弹同时命中目标,形成"多对一"的拦截态势。异构型的制导策略可以降低对导引设备的需求,具备较理想的作战效费比。领弹与从弹的弹道均源于改进比例导引法,具有较理想的弹道特性。给出了协同制导律在固定拓扑与切换拓扑下成立的充分条件。算例仿真验证了所提出的制导律能够实现对高超声速目标的协同拦截,具有良好的可行性。     

舰载反导的电子干扰实现

从反舰导弹的威胁分析入手,介绍了舰载反导电子干扰的主要方法与仿真系统结构,详细介绍了一种舰载干扰投放器的模拟实现。     

An intelligentized and fast calibration method of SINS on moving base for planed missiles

In order to minish the error of inertial sensors, the technology of neural networks is attempted to on-line calibration of a slave inertial navigation system mounted on planed missiles. Based on the time-varied specialty of slave inertial navigation system on a moving base, an input–output sample structure method is proposed, and to automatically calibrate and revise the error of inertial sensors of inertial navigation system. When a missile is appended under the wing and in free-flight, in order to solve the inconsistent problem of measurement's character of the inertial sensors, the error angles between the master inertial navigation system and the slave inertial navigation system are estimated in advance, then, the input samples of a neural network can correctly simulate the free-flight state. Furthermore, in order to make a learning algorithm of neural networks can satisfy real-time calibrating on a moving base, the traditional Newton algorithm is improved by using first differential coefficient to replace the approximate matrix of second differential coefficients. As a result, the training speed and precision of neural network are enhanced. The simulation results indicate that the method and algorithm are feasible.     

GPS/SINS/SAR组合系统在弹道导弹末制导中的应用

在弹道导弹末制导中,由于多传感器组合导航系统的状态方程维数较大,因此应用集中滤波器处理会导致计算量大且容错性、可靠性不高。针对这种情况,采用无反馈模式的联邦滤波器,构建了GPS/SINS/SAR组合导航系统,并对其进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,该组合导航系统能较大地提高导弹的射击精度。