型材拉弯工艺研究进展

归纳了国内外学者近10年来用解析计算法、试验分析法和数值模拟法分析拉弯成形工艺所取得的成果,提出了今后拉弯成形工艺的研究方向和应当解决的主要问题。     

型材拉弯回弹有限元分析

对两种不同截面的铝型材分别在6种不同拉弯成形工艺中的拉弯过程进行有限元数值模拟,探讨成形工艺、弯曲半径与型材截面形状对拉弯成形后型材回弹的影响。     

大型客机铝锂合金型材拉弯成形关键技术

铝锂合金作为一种先进轻量化结构材料,以其密度低、弹性模量高、比强度和比刚度高、抗疲劳性能好、耐腐蚀及焊接性能好等优异的综合性能被用于大型客机的零件如框缘类零件制造。然而,铝锂合金因室温塑性差、屈强比高、各向异性明显的特点,冷加工容易开裂,成形困难。拉弯成形工艺能成形屈强比大的弯曲零件且弯曲精度高、回     

型材拉弯成形工艺知识库研究与开发

知识库是实现工艺知识的系统化、规范化管理的有效方法.针对型材拉弯成形工艺知识,建立了型材拉弯工艺知识分类模型和工艺参数实例表达方法,设计了基于权限控制的分布式知识管理方法,并在此基础上构建了B/S架构的型材拉弯工艺知识库系统.分析表明,该知识库可以有效提高型材拉弯成形工艺设计的效率和质量.     

XL—JK型型材拉弯拉伸量自动控制系统

本文介绍了XL—JK型型材拉弯拉伸量自动控制系统的结构及特点,为型材拉弯机的技术改造提供了参考。     

基于有限元模拟的三维型材拉弯轨迹设计

针对三维型材拉弯,提出一种基于变形控制有限元模拟的轨迹设计方法。首先提取模具长度方向特征线并将其离散成诸多线段单元,这样毛料逐步包覆模具的过程就变成毛料包覆这些线段单元的过程。给定毛料依次包覆线段单元发生的变形,根据切线接触条件（拉弯成形过程中毛料离开模具的位置处两者相切）计算出每步毛料末端位移。将这些位移作为边界条件输入有限元模型中计算毛料应力、应变和回弹。根据成形极限图和规定最大回弹超差量来调整变形模式,找到优化的变形模式和拉弯轨迹。以中空矩形截面型材三维拉弯为例,给出了轨迹设计的详细流程。     

板材一次拉弯成形分析与回弹计算

在考虑加载历史的情况下,采用数值方法分析板材一次拉弯成形,利用应变增量理论,由差分方程求算应力分布,推导出回弹后的应变中性层弯曲半径及弯曲角的计算公式,并对几种成形方式的回弹加以比较.     

基于数字孪生的火箭框环拉弯回弹预测

针对火箭框环拉弯成形带来的回弹会严重影响框环一次成形的合格率以及航天产品的装配精度,提出基于数字孪生的火箭框环拉弯回弹预测方法。通过构建与框环实际生产流程相互匹配的孪生模型,建立起孪生模型与物理实体模型之间的通信关系,实现孪生模型和物理实体的相互映射,从而利用物理实体的数据不断修改孪生模型。孪生模型经过诊断、预测和评估后,可以将仿真结果输出到控制器对物理实体进行状态控制,从而实现孪生模型与物理实体的一致性。通过对框环加工成形进行实时指导,有效地减少了框环拉弯成形的回弹量,与传统的建模仿真相比,使用数字孪生技术具有设计周期短、产品精度高、可靠性高、生产成本低等优点。     

铝合金T型材拉弯成形的有限元模拟

针对目前拉弯成形中的问题,采用有限元模拟的方法,对带下陷拉弯过程进行计算机仿真,得到优化后的工艺参数,避免了盲目的试拉,提高了加工效率,降低了拉弯成本,积累了带下陷拉弯成形的经验,提高了公司拉弯工艺水平。     

整体壁板压弯成形的形状控制

针对整体壁板压弯成形过程中由于回弹导致的压弯成形精度低和不可控问题,提出整体壁板压弯成形形状控制方法。以铝合金（7050-T7451）机翼整体壁板为研究对象,设计了整体壁板缩比试件模型,基于弹塑性变形理论和几何分析建立了压弯成形局部变形下压量解析预测模型,基于有限元法建立了压弯成形整体变形有限元仿真预测模型,并将模拟结果与实验结果进行了对比;在压弯成形局部-整体变形预测模型的基础上,综合考虑局部-整体变形精度,利用迭代补偿机制与逐步逼近思想,构建了压弯成形轮廓曲线迭代模型。通过与传统的试错法进行对比,研究结果表明所提方法能够以更高的精度、更快的收敛速度有效控制压弯件的成形形状。     

Advances and challenges on springback control for creep age forming of aluminum alloy

Creep age forming(CAF) is an advanced forming technology that combines creep deformation and age hardening processes. When compared with the conventional forming technologies including roll bending and shot-peen forming, CAF has many advantages of low residual stress,excellent dimensional stability, good service performance and short production cycle. It is an optimal technique for precise manufacturing for shape and properties of large-scale complicated thinwalled components of light-weight and...     

A global solution for robust parameter design of aeronautical electrical apparatus based on interactions analysis and polynomial fitting

Robust Parameter Design(RPD) has been widely applied for improving quality and reliability of products.One of the key drawbacks of applying RPD using Taguchi method is that the stable factors may not be independent of the adjustment factors, resulting in unsatisfactory design.Moreover, the Taguchi method cannot guarantee global optimality since the levels set in the experiment are usually discrete to ensure orthogonal design.In this paper, robust solutions of the stable factors are obtained via ...     

Non-isothermal creep age forming of Al-Cu-Li alloy: Experiment and modelling

Non-isothermal Creep Age Forming (CAF), including loading, heating, holding, cooling and springback stages, is an advanced forming technique for manufacturing high performance large integral panels at short production period and low cost. However, the creep deformation and aging precipitation during heating stage is often neglected in experiments and modeling, leading to low forming precision. To achieve shape forming and property tailoring simultaneously, a deep understanding of the non-isothermal creep aging behavior and the establishment of predictive models are urgently required. A new five-stage creep feature of Al-Cu-Li alloy during the non-isothermal creep aging is observed. The microstructural interactions between the dislocations, solute atoms, Guinier Preston zones (GP zones) and T₁ precipitates are found to dominate the five-stage creep aging behavior. The physical-based model considering temperature evolution history is established to describe the five-stage creep feature. The springback and yield strength of non-isothermal creep age formed plates with different thicknesses are predicted and compared by non-isothermal CAF experiments and corresponding simulations. The CAF experiments show that the springback and yield strength of the non-isothermal creep age formed plate are 62.1% and 506 MPa, respectively. Simulation results are in good agreement with experimental results. The proposed model broadens the application of traditional CAF models that mainly focus on isothermal conditions.     

高温变形参数对TC6钛合金微观组织的影响研究

在热模拟实验和金相实验的基础上,研究了变形参数(变形温度、应变速率、变形程度)对TC6钛合金微观组织的影响。研究结果表明:变形温度对TC6钛合金的变形组织有着显著影响。在两相区,随着变形温度的升高,组织中初生相的含量在减少,而相晶粒的尺寸有先增大后减小的趋势。应变速率对TC6钛合金变形组织中初生相的形态和尺寸有较大影响。较大的应变速率能促进变形时的动态再结晶,有利于晶粒的细化。变形程度存在着一临界值,当超过这一临界值后,变形程度的增加有利于晶粒的细化。     

挤压态喷射成形GH738合金热变形行为及组织研究

在温度950~1150℃、应变速率0.001~1 s–1及工程应变50%条件下,利用Gleeble-3500TM热模拟试验机对挤压态喷射成形GH738合金进行热压缩实验,研究合金的流变应力,建立合金热变形本构关系,利用EBSD分析合金组织演变。结果表明:合金流变应力随温度的升高和应变速率的减小而降低,在相同变形条件下,具有细晶组织特征的挤压态喷射成形GH738合金峰值流变应力低于粗晶组织的铸锻GH738合金;挤压态喷射成形GH738合金热变形激活能为651.08 kJ·mol–1,GH738合金的热变形激活能随着初始平均晶粒尺寸的减小而升高;形变温度的升高使挤压态喷射成形GH738合金初始被拉长的晶粒逐渐演变为等轴再结晶晶粒,在1000℃以上获得完全动态再结晶组织,再结晶组织随形变温度的进一步升高发生长大。     

Experimental and numerical investigation on surface quality for two-point incremental sheet forming with interpolator

The unsatisfied surface quality seriously impedes the wide application of incremental sheet forming(ISF) in industrial field. As a novel approach, the interpolator method is a promising strategy to enhance the surface quality in ISF. However, the mechanism for the improvement of surface quality and the influence of interpolator properties on surface roughness are not well understood. In this paper, the influences of process variables(i.e. tool diameter, step size and thickness of interpolators) ...     

Research on influence of typical microstructure characteristics of Ni base single crystal on creep rupture and deformation analysis of turbo blade

Considering the influence of typical microstructure characteristics on creep performance,a series of UM-F single crystal alloys which had similar element components but different microstructures were used to analyze the relationship between creep life and microstructure characteristics of Ni base single crystal.Three main factors were proposed:misfit,volume fraction of precipitate and maximum matrix channel width.The Microstate parameter Ymicro was established to estimate the deformation state of the materials.The linear relationship between the initial value of microstate parameter Y0 and creep life under a certain temperature/load was affirmed.By analyzing the high temperature region of turbo blade using the material parameters of DD 3,the creep deformation and the life prediction of the critical points of blade were obtained and the result closed to the test.     

高温合金与钛合金的激光快速成形工艺研究

对Rene95高温合金及TC4钛合金的激光快速成形工艺进行了较为深入的研究.研究结果发现,和Rene95高温合金相比,激光快速成形TC4钛合金的工艺条件较为苛刻,表现在粉末粒度范围狭窄,要求更高的激光功率密度,成形过程中熔覆组织易于被保护气氛中的O,N,H等杂质元素污染.但是,另一方面,工艺参数选择适当时TC4钛合金在成形过程中不易开裂,因而大尺寸、复杂形状零件的激光快速成形较易实现.     

复杂外形航空发动机TC4钛合金宽弦空心风扇叶片弯扭成形

弯扭成形是钛合金空心风扇叶片制造中一种有效的辅助成形手段,赋予空心叶片毛坯理想的过渡形状,改善工艺性。针对应用于大涵道比涡扇发动机的TC4钛合金宽弦空心风扇叶片的工艺试验件,研究适用于复杂外形叶片的单轴扭转与双轴扭转两种弯扭方法,提出了夹头运动参数的设计方法,分析了机构的运动规律以及成形原理。基于有限元模拟,研究了扭转方式以及弯扭路径等关键工艺参数对于制件外形、变形区分布、扭转力矩以及表面缺陷的影响,并进行了弯扭实验。结果表明,采用单轴扭转方式,弯扭温度为750℃,叶尖夹头扭角为20.4°,扭转速度为0.68(°)/min,能够将平板毛坯成形出合理的过渡形状。弯扭后面板上出现了失稳凹陷,与有限元结果一致。