Discriminator Detection of Wide-Band PCM/FM

The performance of discriminator detection of wide-band PCM/FM is investigated. Formulas are derived that allow one to predict system performance with the effects of both predetection and postdetection filtering accounted for. In particular, for a postdetection equivalent noise bandwidthbit time product b0T=2, it is shown that best results are obtained with a modulation index ?=0.6. Furthermore, it is shown that performance to within 1.5 dB of theoretical can be obtained.     

Survey of High-Power Microwave Filters

A summary of research and development work on high-power microwave filters is given here: first, design considerations in high-power microwave filters?power handling capacity, waveform distortion, multimode suppression, and stop and pass band characteristics; second, a discussion of filtering devices and techniques in two broad categories-dominant mode filters and harmonic filters (discussion covers methods of operation and significant characteristics of each filter developed to date); and third, a discussion of applications and limitations of filters in various systems and interference situations. Also included are the availability, cost, size, weight, etc. as functions of frequency for the various filter types.     

中厚板的高功率激光焊接

研究和应用结果表明,采用高功率激光焊接技术可实现高速、极小焊后变形的中厚板焊接,焊接接头质量良好,某些钢种的激光焊缝和热影响区表现出远优于常规焊接的冲击韧性,为激光焊接在重大装备制造中的应用提供了有力的支撑.随着高功率激光焊接的优越性逐渐得到业内的认可,高功率激光焊接工艺必将在重大装备的中厚板焊接甚至厚板焊接中得到更为深入的应用.     

Statistical Analysis of Wide-Band Pseudorandom Matched Filter Sonars

A stochastic model of pseudorandom (PR) signals is adopted and a statistical analysis carried out of the velocity (i. e., Doppler) and acceleration tolerances of wide-band PR matched filter sonar systems. The reference functions for these correlation detection systems are considered to be time-compressed or time-expanded replicas of the transmitted signal. Results are derived for the case of a PR signal having a flat power spectral density over a finite bandwidth. It is shown that the velocity and acceleration tolerances are essentially independent of the signal bandwidth and that therefore the radar-derived expressions for the narrow-band tolerances can be extended to the wide-band sonar case. An interesting result is that the derived acceleration tolerance is approximately three times the widely used estimate that is based on the target remaining in the same Doppler channel over the integration time.     

An Analysis of Wide-Band Microwave Monopulse Direction-Finding Techniques

This paper presents the concept, theory of operation, characteris tic equations, and error analysis of four wide-band monopulse techniques. The basic techniques described, which include pure amplitude monopulse, phase and amplitude monopulse (two-and three-channel configurations), and pure phase monopulse interferometer, are particularly applicable to monopulse direction finding systems that require frequency coverage over several octaves and open-loop angle bearing of several degrees. Sufficient detail and working formulas are included to permit a trade-off analysis to be made between the direction-finding techniques for selection in specific hardware applications.     

高能激光武器与防护技术

在高技术战争中,空中目标面临的威胁不仅仅来自于传统武器,还会遭到高能激光武器的攻击。本文分析了高能激光武器对主要空中目标的毁伤机理,探讨一些目前可采用的目标抗高能激光防护技术。     

Reverse-Bias Second Breakdown of High-Power Darlington Transistors

The reverse-bias second breakdown (RBSB) characteristics of high power Darlington transistors are discussed. The Darlingtons investigated are rated at 400 V maximum voltage and 100 A maximum current. Devices with and without speed-up diodes (connected between the bases of the input and output transistors) were studied. A nondestructive system for characterizing the RBSB behavior of these devices is described. The RBSB behavior was found to vary unpredictably with varying reverse base current magnitude. It was also found that the RBSB behavior of the Darlingtons was a function of the forward base current magnitude. This is in marked contrast to what has been found for discrete devices. The presence of a speed-up diode also influenced the RBSB behavior of these devices.     

Signal-to-Noise Ratios in Self-Biased-Pwer-Law Amplifiers with Saturation

The relation between the output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the input SNR is presented for the bandpass self-biased third-law amplifier with saturation, when the input is composed of sinusoidal carrier and zero-mean stationary narrowband Gaussian noise. It is found that significant improvement in the output SNR at low input SNR's can be achieved by the self-biased third-law amplifier with saturation operated in class A. The results obtained are also verified experimentally.     

RF optical links

RF photonic links that can be used to supplement gigahertz RF electrical transmission lines without the characteristic attenuation, induced noise, and distortion associated with long cable lengths are discussed. Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) capabilites are examined in terms of available wavelengths, hardware, and spacing. Typical RF fiber-optic links at 6-18 GHz are addressed with respect to architecture and electrical and optical characteristics. A global Positioning System (GPS) fiber-optic link is presented     

WARLOC: A High-Power Coherent 94 GHz Radar

This paper describes the development of a high-power, coherent radar system at W-band and discusses potential applications of radars with this new capability. Previous radars in this frequency band were limited by available power-amplifier technology to about 500 W of average power; WARLOC radar represents an increase in power, by 20 times, over previous coherent radars at 94 GHz. This performance improvement is possible due to the development of a gyroklystron amplifier specifically for this and future radars in this frequency band. The gyroklystron amplifier tubes deliver 100 kW peak power and 10 kW of average power at a center frequency of approximately 94 GHz. Other novel features of this radar include the use of highly overmoded waveguides and rotary joints for the transmission of power from the final power amplifier (FPA) to the antenna, and a high-power quasi-optical duplexer. The system uses a relatively large 1.8 m diameter (580-wavelength) Cassegrain antenna, which required the development of an antenna with an rms surface accuracy of 0.0025 in, to obtain long-range detection and identification of small objects. Test data show an antenna gain of 62.5 dB, confirming that the needed surface accuracy was achieved. Two mobile shelters house the radar system, permitting relocation to various test sites. WARLOC is presently operational at the Naval Research Laboratory's Chesapeake Bay Detachment facility, Maryland. It is being employed in radar imaging of airborne and surface objects, and in the scientific study of propagation effects and atmospheric physics phenomena.     

基于大功率电子枪的阴极加热控制系统的设计

以电子枪阴极灯丝加热电流为研究对象,建立一套可靠、稳定的阴极加热控制系统.相对于传统采用可控硅控制的单相交流调压电路,该电源的设计基于PWM电流控制芯片SG3525,采用恒频脉宽调制控制方式,自动调整输出功率得到稳定的电流输出.充分满足了阴极灯丝所需的低电压、大电流、加热速度快的特性要求.     

利用CO2高能激光切削GH135试验研究

本文介绍了难加工金属材料的切削特性及采用ＣＯ２激光器辅助加热切削高温合金的方法。并说明这一新工艺，新技术有站非常广阔的应用前景。     

Power Conditioning Systems for High-Power, Airborne, Pulsed Applications

The power conditioning portion of the high-power study that was performed for the Air Force Aeropropulsion Laboratory by the State University of New York at Buffalo is summarized. This effort defines the power conditioning system and critical component developments which will be required to interface the airborne 10-MW to 50-MW sources defined under separate study efforts with certain loads. Power conditioning systems are considered for use with magnetohydrodynamic generators and turbine driven alternators, both conventional and superconducting. The critical components required for each of the power conditioning systems are identified and then analyzed. The component analyses include estimations of development efforts necessary and of specific weights and volumes for components. The primary components considered are transformers (for alternator as well as for inverter use), switches, capacitors, and inductors. Weight algorithms are developed for each of the components. Following the component analyses, subsystems such as inverters and rectifier and filter packages are considered. The data for the various components and subsystems are then utilized for a comparison of the power conditioning techniques to be used with the various power sources. The weights and volumes of power conditioning systems for 8-point designs (8 variations of power, voltage, duty cycle, and total run time) are derived.     

Thermal Noise Errors in DF Monopulse Systems Having Log Amplifiers

An analysis of the effects of thermal noise on the accuracy of direction finding (DF) monopulse systems which employ logarithmic amplifiers is presented. Numerical results are presented which indicate that a simple model may be used to compute rms thermal errors for a wide range of signal levels. Analytical results obtained in the limit of large signal-to-noise ratios are compared with standard results used to analyze monopulse systems employing automatic gain control (AGC) circuitry instead of log amplifiers.     

复合材料高分辨率RF超声检测技术及其应用

通过分析脉冲超声波在复合材料中传播形成的检测信号特征,采用高分辨率RF超声检测技术实现了纤维增强/树脂基复合材料高分辨率缺陷检测.结果表明,采用该技术纵向分辨率和表面检测盲区可达0.13mm左右,可得到复合材料中孔隙率含量的清晰分布,实现复合材料冲击损伤、分层等缺陷的扫描成像检测.     

发展中的飞行器射频隐身技术

射频隐身技术1射频隐身技术的内涵隐身是目标相对探测系统而言的.目标未被探测系统发现或者识别,认为目标实现了隐身;目标已被探测系统发现或识别,认为目标未能隐身.雷达隐身、红外隐身是指目标与雷达及红外探测系统间的对抗概念.射频隐身是指目标与无源探测系统间的对抗概念.无源探测系统可以根据武器平台上电子设备(系统)辐射的电磁波确定武器的位置(角度和距离)信息.     

Optimized RF test range for educational purposes

Both the design and construction of a composite scale airframe and the equipment for an anechoic test range plus the in-house production of absorptive wall covering-all for engineering education-are briefly described. It is shown, that low cost home-made absorbing material with an attenuation of 30 dB or more can be designed. Waveguide and ground plane antennas for test purposes can be constructed from surplus materials. In this case the design and measurements of a 3 GHz antenna pair are shown. Finally, as a test object, a cheap yet effective scale model of a modern fighter aircraft is used for measurements of radar cross section and antenna installations. As a demonstration of the total system capabilities, the measurement of installed F-18 antennas is shown     

Open systems architecture for integrated RF electronics

The Integrated Sensor System (ISS) program is defining an Open System Architecture (OSA) for Radio Frequency (RF) electronics, which represent the largest portion of an advanced aircraft's avionics flyaway cost. An integrated architecture is used to reduce costs in a number of ways, including time-sharing, centralization of resources, and reduction of the number of unique module types. The OSA approach extends these cost reductions by simplifying technology insertion, using well-understood standards, and increasing use of commercial hardware and software. This paper describes interim results. The work was funded by the Open Systems Joint Task Force (OS-JTF)