激光点火系统损耗检测温度误差补偿方法

点火通路损耗检测精度是激光点火系统的一个重要指标,其在很大程度上决定着点火系统状态判断的准确性.针对激光点火系统损耗检测精度随温度变化的问题,对不同温度条件下激光点火系统的点火通路损耗检测精度进行了分析.分析结果表明,探测器暗电流、运放输入偏置电流和输入失调电压等均会影响检测精度,且检测偏差随温度升高而增大.建立了点火通路损耗检测温度误差模型,在-40℃～75℃范围内,采用温度误差模型进行补偿后,火工品发火前的损耗检测偏差(峰峰值)从0.62dB减小为0.16dB,火工品发火后的损耗检测偏差(峰峰值)从1.45dB减小为0.30dB,提高了损耗检测的精度,为判断是否具备发火条件及发火状态提供了有效支撑.     

故障容错光交叉通道数据链路的可靠性

光交叉通道数据链路(OCCDL)是光传飞行控制系统余度计算机之间进行数据交换的重要途径.为了提高OCCDL系统的可靠性,提出一种新的具有多链路故障容错能力的OCCDL系统.给出了该OCCDL系统的结构配置,分析了系统正常工作和故障工作情况下的工作流程,设计了系统光开关故障、光链路等关键部分的故障容错逻辑,建立了基于马尔...     

基于内腔光阱的光力加速度测量方法

内腔光阱中被捕获微粒的微小位移将导致腔内激光功率的大幅变化,可实现光阱系统的快速自反馈.基于这一原理,提出了一种新型加速度测量方案.该方案计算了内腔光阱中被捕获微粒的径向受力,建立了利用激光功率进行加速度传感的理论模型,并分析了工作点的选取对加速度测量的影响.系统以高频光电探测器作为加速度测量模块,可实现GHz量级的信...     

CO2激光点燃点火药的试验研究

用CO_2激光点火试验设备,对Al KClO_4点火药进行点燃性能试验.试验结果表明,随着点火热流密度的增大,点火延迟时间减小.说明点火热流密度是点火药点燃性能中非常重要的控制量.点火药密度越小点火延迟时间也越小.在点火药主组分中加入少量固态硫作为粘合剂,会使点火药的点燃性能更好.     

脉冲等离子体推力器电源处理单元技术研究

为了进一步提高脉冲等离子体推力器点火的可靠性和使用寿命,采用理论计算和地面试验的方法,设计了一款可应用于立方体纳卫星脉冲等离子体推力器放电能量为2.6J的电源处理单元,其放电点火电路是基于LC振荡电路,且对放电点火电路的性能、开关管的电流应力和整个电源处理单元的稳定可靠性进行了研究。结果表明：LC振荡放电点火电路中,开关器件的电流应力较小,提高了整个电路的可靠性;该放电点火电路在输入电压800V时,点火电流的峰值可达到100A～150A,这种大电流放电有助于清除火花塞表面的积碳。     

小型航空活塞发动机点火系统优化设计

针对微型无人机用小功率航空活塞发动机电容放电点火系统快速高效充电进行了优化设计与试验研究.分析了传统充电升压变换采用恒频脉宽调制PWM(pulse width modulation)方式的缺点,提出了一种开关频率可变、输出电压检测无需电阻分压实现的充电方式,推导给出了关断时间和充电时间的计算公式,设计实现了该充电电路并进行了试验.结果表明:该充电方式充电时间短,效率高;充电时间估算方法准确可靠,误差小,计算量少.      

激光型基准平台的研制

介绍了一种新型的激光型基准平台.该平台运用重力摆技术使光平台在一定范围内达到了自动安平的功能;运用激光在球面镜单根母线上的光学成像原理、光学补偿技术,解决了宽范围正交光平面的聚集问题;输出了两条正交的水平光基准面与垂直光基准面,通过水平旋转机构与支架升降机构实现了两基准面上、下、左、右位置的任意移动,并保持输出信号基本特性不变.     

脉冲等离子体推力器电源处理单元技术研究

为了进一步提高脉冲等离子体推力器点火的可靠性和使用寿命,采用理论计算和地面试验的方法,设计了一款可应用于立方体纳卫星脉冲等离子体推力器放电能量为2.6J的电源处理单元,其放电点火电路是基于LC振荡电路,且对放电点火电路的性能、开关管的电流应力和整个电源处理单元的稳定可靠性进行了研究。结果表明:LC振荡放电点火电路中,开关器件的电流应力较小,提高了整个电路的可靠性;该放电点火电路在输入电压800V时,点火电流的峰值可达到100A～150A,这种大电流放电有助于清除火花塞表面的积碳。     

NEPE推进剂激光辐照下点火燃烧性能研究

采用CO2激光器、高速摄像机和红外热像仪等设备研究了NEPE推进剂激光辐照下点火燃烧过程和推进剂表面温度分布,分析了激光热流密度对点火延迟时间的影响以及NEPE推进剂对激光卸载的动态响应。结果表明:增大激光热流密度可以减小点火延迟时间,当热流密度小于6.7×105W·m-2时,点火延迟时间随热流密度的增大而显著减小,而热流密度大于该值时,点火延迟时间随热流密度的增大而变化微小。激光辐照对NEPE推进剂的燃烧有显著影响,使火焰明亮并伴有大量火花,推进剂表面的温度大大提高。激光卸载后,推进剂表面温度并未立即下降,而是在短暂的迟滞后跌落,随后又出现小幅度的缓慢上升。     

环形激光陀螺关键制造工艺

环形激光陀螺(RLG)是应用激光原理制成的一种感测角速度的装置,由于采用“无质量”的光作为敏感介质,并几乎取消了全部活动件,与采用自旋转子的机械陀螺相比,是一种全固态新型陀螺。环形激光陀螺是捷联式惯性系统的理想元件,近10年来在军机和民机用的大部分惯导系统中,激光陀螺已明显占统治地位;估计在今后20年内,它将成为在惯性系统中占优势的陀螺类型,     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.