一种新型的低噪声硅微机械陀螺电容读出电路

陀螺系统的微机械敏感结构部分的性能提升受到成本、工艺的限制,有较高难度,故提升接口电路的各项性能成为提升整个系统性能的关键。因此,电容读出电路作为微机械陀螺系统中非常重要的组成部分,该电路性能的优劣直接决定着陀螺的测量精度。为实现硅微陀螺高精度检测,设计了一款低噪声的电容读出电路。在陀螺与读出电路之间设计斩波开关,基于斩波技术进行低噪声设计,采用相关双采样技术用来降低关键的第一级放大电路的低频闪烁噪声和开关噪声。采用了一种简化的陀螺测试模型,用于读出电路的独立测试。读出电路在0.18μm CMOS工艺下设计流片,测试结果表明,该电容读出电路输出噪声为-122.8dBV/Hz1/2,可实现0.06aF/Hz1/2的电容分辨率。     

一种基于EPLL技术的自适应正交解调技术研究

针对过零检测实现的全数字锁相环不仅锁相速度慢, 而且过零点的扰动会 直接影响锁相精度以及适合模拟电路实现的相干解调技术,在数字电路中实现则需要设 计高阶数字低通滤波器,将占用大量数字电路资源并且会显著增加系统功耗等问题,在 设计一种新型全数字锁相环(All-digital Enhanced Phase-lock Loop,EPLL)的基础上,结合自 适应正交解调技术,提出了一种基于EPLL 技术的自适应正交解调技术方案,并对该方 案进行了研究与仿真。仿真得到了满意的结果,验证了基于EPLL 技术的自适应正交解 调技术方案的可行性,并研究验证了算法的参数变化对其性能的影响,为今后算法在数 字系统中的实现以及其在各领域的应用研究奠定了坚实的基础。     

考虑微加工误差的微机械陀螺的健壮性优化

 为减小微加工误差对音叉振动式微机械陀螺设计性能的影响、提高其批量性能稳定性,以对其加工后性能变异影响最大的若干关键参数为设计变量,在分析了几何约束条件、模态性能约束条件、基于模态的加工灵敏度约束条件的基础上建立了微机械陀螺健壮性优化的数学模型。在无需事先知道微机械陀螺尺寸／性能的详尽统计信息的条件下,采用一阶摄动技术和遗传算法实现了微机械陀螺的健壮性优化设计。     

大球静电陀螺仪小角度读出数字化方案研究

探讨了一种用于空心大球静电陀螺中的小角度光电信号读出的全数字方案,通过对比、分析和讨论,说明数字化静电陀螺小角度读出方案的优越性,并提出针对静电陀螺光电读出系统随机误差修正算法。     

硅微三轴轮环式陀螺结构设计与仿真分析

微机械陀螺是姿态控制平台和惯性导航系统的重要应用之一,但是目前国内的陀螺研发集成化程度不高,主要的研究集中在单一检测轴(特别是Z轴检测)微陀螺的设计上.为了实现可用于智能弹药领域的单片集成三轴陀螺,设计了一种轮环式陀螺结构,在ANSYS有限元分析软件中建立了该陀螺结构的有限元模型,并分别进行了模态分析、谐响应分析以及瞬态冲击响应分析.根据驱动模态和检测模态的频率匹配,优化了陀螺的结构尺寸,仿真结果显示工作模态的频率匹配性较好.分析了此结构在半正弦周期加速度冲击载荷作用下的冲击响应,谐振结构在5000g@5ms的瞬态冲击作用下最大应力为190.38MPa,证明该结构具有不错的抗冲击特性.     

基于模态匹配和正交抑制的微机电陀螺闭环控制技术研究

模态匹配和力反馈控制可以在不牺牲检测带宽的情况下,利用机械谐振放大特性有效提高微机电陀螺信噪比、改善陀螺性能。结合一款高Q值对称式四质量敏感结构的陀螺表头,在陀螺动力学平均模型基础上,通过对检测模态同相分量和正交分量的控制,实现陀螺的闭环检测控制。基于静电负刚度原理,通过改变陀螺敏感结构梳齿与质量块之间的电压,构建实时正交抑制系统和精确模态匹配环节,推导出陀螺的静电刚度矩阵,完成了对正交耦合信号的实时抑制和驱动、检测模态的精确模态匹配并且实现对两环节的解耦控制。实测结果显示,陀螺频差由24 Hz缩小到0.05 Hz以内,全温条件下,陀螺的正交耦合量由3(°)/s抑制到0.01(°)/s,陀螺全温零偏稳定性由初始的11.48(°)/h改善到1.95(°)/h,验证了实时正交抑制和模态匹配等技术对提升陀螺性能的具体效果。     

微机械陀螺正交耦合误差静电力抑制的有限元仿真研究

微机械陀螺的正交耦合误差是敏感结构振动模态间的刚度耦合引起的检测模态输出偏量,是影响陀螺性能的关键误差源之一。静电力抑制是一种采用静电力调节驱动模态的主轴偏量,使用直流电压进行正交耦合误差抑制的方法,该方法具有片上实时抑制能力,能够有效抑制正交耦合误差。从静电力抑制正交耦合误差的基本原理出发,运用有限元仿真,对硅基音叉陀螺正交耦合误差的静电力抑制进行了仿真分析,并通过实物测试数据进行了验证。     

微半球陀螺测控电路国内外现状与关键技术

微半球陀螺相比于传统的机械陀螺具有更小的尺寸，因此其对温度、湿度、磁场等外界环境的变化更为敏感。为了保证陀螺具有较好的工作表现，需要使外部驱动信号的频率严格锁定于工作模态的中心频率上，且陀螺输出信号幅值恒定。与此同时，由于微半球陀螺信号为微弱信号，故而需要采用微弱信号采集技术及反馈技术对其进行处理，并且通过解调控制算法得到输出信号。阐述了微半球陀螺基本测控电路的国内外发展现状，并从Sigma-delta、模态匹配、正交补偿、温度补偿等角度分析了微半球陀螺测控电路的关键技术。     

抗高过载硅微杯型振动陀螺结构设计与仿真

微机械陀螺是现代制导武器的核心器件,但是制导武器的发射过程中伴随着巨大的加速度过载。针对微机械陀螺结构在大过载情况下活动质量块受过载影响大的问题,设计了一种抗高过载MEMS杯型振动式陀螺结构。结合四波腹运动原理,对杯型陀螺结构的工作原理、振动特性以及抗高过载特性进行了分析。在ANSYS有限元分析软件中建立了该硅微杯型陀螺结构的有限元模型,分别进行了模态分析、谐响应分析。仿真分析结果显示,该硅微杯型陀螺驱动模态与敏感模态固有频率的频差为0.8kHz,工作模态的频率匹配性较好。根据冲击动力学原理分析了此结构在半周期正弦加速度冲击载荷作用下的冲击响应,谐振结构在100000g的瞬态冲击作用下的最大应力为11.38MPa,最大位移为8.06nm,证明该结构具有优良的抗冲击特性。     

一种新颖的无陀螺捷联惯性测量系统方案

惯性界普遍都在寻找低成本的惯性导航方案，由加速度计组成的（无陀螺）惯性系统便是方案之一。本文介绍了用加速度计测量角速度的基本原理，对以微机械加速度计实现陀螺原理的方案的误差进行了分析，并提出了一种新颖的无陀螺捷联惯性测量系统方案。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.