高屏蔽、低损耗、低驻波电缆组件的研制

简述了高屏蔽射频同轴电缆组件的设计要点，并介绍了国外超高屏蔽射频电缆的结构和性能，较详细地讨论了自行研制的电缆组件的主要技术指标、电压驻波比、插入损耗、射频泄漏及电缆屏蔽衰减等测试方法并给出了测试结果。在２～１８ＧＨｚ频带范围内：ＶＳＷＲ≤１．４；插入损耗为２ｄＢ；在２ＧＨｚ：射频泄漏不大于－９０ｄＢ，屏蔽衰减为９０ｄＢ．达到了预定的技术指标。     

温度传感器现场动态校准方法与实验研究

建立了用于温度传感器现场动态校准的激光负阶跃温度发生装置，并采用传感器动态校准处理方法，对ＢＴＳ－１００型ＰＮ结温度传感器进行了现场动态校准与性能改进的实验研究。实验结果表明，上述校准方法具有非介入，现场性强及校准精度高等特点，具有广阔的应用前景。     

模拟失重(HDT—30°)和噪声复合因素对大鼠神经-内分泌-免疫功能的影响

本研究结果表明，大鼠在声级为８５ｄＢ（Ａ）噪声环境下悬吊（ＨＤＴ－３０°）１０昼夜后，淋巴细胞转化率及白细胞介素２（ＩＬ２）明显降低，血浆皮质酮含量显著升高，下丘脑内多巴胺（ＤＡ）和去甲肾上腺素（ＮＡ）含量呈升高趋势，表明机体处于应激状态．单纯８５ｄＢ（Ａ）噪声组除多巴胺及Ｔ淋巴细胞增殖反应外上述指标也有同样的变化规律，但没有复台因素组明显．本文出现的神经－内分泌－免疫系统功能失调可能是航天员易患感染性疾病的原因之一．     

氦气流量校准装置的研究

简要分析了氦气流量校准装置的工作原理和结构，对系统的软、硬件及校准流程进行了讨论，提出并详细阐述了其计量容积的标定技术和计算方法，并在主标准器的结构设计上提出了新的思路，使装置的流量测量扩展不确定度可达0．03％（k=2）。     

非线性边界条件的Burgers－KdV方程的静态解

对几类非线性边值条件，讨论了Ｂｕｒｇｅｒｓ－ＫｄＶ方程的边值问题的静态解的存在性和解的个数．借助不动点定理，证明了该边值问题至少有一个，至多有有限个静态解．     

远区电场标准装置的研制

远区电场标准装置中采用标准场法与标准天线法互相比对，可在３０～１０００ＭＨｚ频率范围内建立不大于３Ｖ／ｍ场强的标准远区电场。在标准发射天线中采用射频校准，使得测量发射无线馈点电流的准确度大为提高；在标准接收天线中使用低势垒二极管，可准确测量远区场强。标准场法与标准天线法的比对误差为±１ｄＢ，达到国际同类装置水平。     

气体微流量标准装置的测控系统和实验研究

气体微流量标准装置的测控系统在计算机控制下,采用电容薄膜规、光栅尺、铂电阻温度计等高精度传感器测出变容室内气体的压力、体积变化、温度等参量;并在流量测量的动态过程中将变客室内气体的压力波动控制在±０．０１％之内;工作软件实现了对气体微流量标准装置的计算机自动化控制和管理。气体激流量标准装置可以标准１７．１～１．２２×１０－５ＰａＬ／ｓ范围内的气体流量,校准不确定度小于１．９３％;目前它已用于标准漏孔的标定和实用型气体流量计的校准工作中。     

霍尔磁强计温度特性校准装置的研究

本文从霍尔元件的基本物理性能出发分析霍尔磁强计的哪些参数与温度有关，确定温度系数和零点温漂是影响霍尔磁强计特定温度下准确度的关键性参数，根据其工作原理开展了校准装置和校准方法的研究，本文阐述了这两套装置的工作原理和组成，并通过试验验证装置的测量能力。     

一种精密的微波群时延校准装置

精密的微波群时延校准装置采用双通道混频技术,以宽带微波放大器作为隔离器,低频数字相位计作为测量标准器。在２￣１８ＧＨｚ的频率范围内,测量不确定度为：（０．１￣０．２）ｎｓ＋０．２τｇ％。详细论述了装置的工作原理、技术特点、不确定度分析、技术指标的确定等。     

扫频绝压校准装置的设计与实现

介绍了扫频绝压校准装置的设计与实现，该校准装置不仅能产生绝压正弦压力信号，还可以产生绝压扫频压力信号，可以在给定频率点对绝压传感器进行幅值灵敏度和相位的测量，也可直接测出绝压传感器在给定频率段的幅频特性曲线和相频特性曲线，校准装置的工作频率范围为（1～5000）Hz，工作压力范围为（1～200）kPa。     

Scaling analysis and model estimation of solar corona index

A monthly average solar green coronal index time series for the period from January 1939 to December 2008 collected from NOAA (The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) has been analysed in this paper in perspective of scaling analysis and modelling. Smoothed and de-noising have been done using suitable mother wavelet as a pre-requisite. The Finite Variance Scaling Method (FVSM), Higuchi method, rescaled range (R/S) and a generalized method have been applied to calculate the scaling exponents and fractal dimensions of the time series. Autocorrelation function (ACF) is used to find autoregressive (AR) process and Partial autocorrelation function (PACF) has been used to get the order of AR model. Finally a best fit model has been proposed using Yule-Walker Method with supporting results of goodness of fit and wavelet spectrum. The results reveal an anti-persistent, Short Range Dependent (SRD), self-similar property with signatures of non-causality, non-stationarity and nonlinearity in the data series. The model shows the best fit to the data under observation.     

Stochastic particle acceleration by the forced interaction of relativistic current sheets

We address the problem of interacting relativistic current sheets in self-consistent kinetic plasma simulations within the framework of the Particle-In-Cell model. The interaction is enforced in head-on collisions of up to 10 current sheets at relativistic bulk speeds. The simulations are motivated by the general problem of Poynting flux dissipation in ‘striped wind’ configurations presumably governing the relativistic outflows pervasive in pulsar winds and gamma-ray bursts. We identify the generation of non-thermal particles and formation of a stable power-law shape in the particle energy distributions f(γ) dγ ∝ γ^−s dγ. In 1D, a spectral index s ∼ 2 is observed and attributed to a stochastic Fermi-type acceleration mechanism. In 2D, the generic index of s ∼ 3–4 is retained as in previous simulations of individual current sheets. Whereas in 2D the high energy cut-off is constrained by the limited dissipation of magnetic energy, in 1D the process converts the bulk motion of current sheets towards directed particle momentum of an exclusive class of non-thermal particles.     

Development of a gas chromatography compatible Sample Processing System (SPS) for the in-situ analysis of refractory organic matter in martian soil: preliminary results

In the frame of the 2009 Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission a new sample preparation system (SPS) compatible with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) has been developed for the in situ analysis of complex organic molecules in the Martian soil. The goal is to detect, if they exist, some of the key compounds that play an important role in life on Earth including carboxylic acids, amino acids and nucleobases.     

Concept options for the aerial survey of Titan

Various aerial platforms intended for long endurance survey of the Titan surface are presented. A few novel concepts are introduced, including a heated methane balloon and a balloon with a tethered wind turbine. All the concept options are predicted to have lower scientific payload fractions than the Huygens probe. It is concluded that the selection of the best aerial platform option depends on more accurate mass estimates and a clear decision on whether, or not, in situ surface composition measurements are required in conjunction with aerial remote sensing.     

Heterogeneous solid/gas chemistry of organic compounds related to comets,meteorites, Titan,and Mars: Laboratory and in lower Earth orbit experiments

To understand the evolution of organic molecules involved in extraterrestrial environments and with exobiological implications, many experimental programs in the laboratory are devoted to photochemical studies in the gaseous phase as well as in the solid state. The validity of such studies and their applications to extraterrestrial environments can be questioned as long as experiments conducted in space conditions, with the full solar spectrum, especially in the short wavelength domain, have not been implemented. The experiments that are described here will be carried out on a FOTON capsule, using the BIOPAN facility, and on the International Space Station, using the EXPOSE facility. Vented and sealed exposition cells will be used, which will allow us to study the chemical evolution in the gaseous phase as well as heterogeneous processes, such as the degradation of solid compounds and the release of gaseous fragments.     

基于LuGre模型的电液加载系统摩擦补偿

为了提高电液加载系统控制精度,针对摩擦问题提出了基于LuGre摩擦模型的前馈补偿方法.建立了用于摩擦仿真分析和补偿器设计的电液加载系统数学模型;通过实验获取并分析了相关的摩擦数据;基于实验数据进行LuGre模型参数辨识,把LuGre模型和辨识结果引入电液加载系统数学模型,并进行仿真结果与实际摩擦数据的对照,证明了LuGre摩擦模型的准确性.设计前馈补偿器,进行了实验对比,实验结果表明前馈补偿器可将摩擦产生的控制误差有效地降至未补偿时的30%左右.      

The ESA scientific programme

The ESA scientific programme has, so far, provided several significant astrophysics experiments and further important missions are scheduled for execution during the next decade. These missions are briefly summarised together with several astrophysics investigations presently under study.     

CoRoT and Kepler results: Solar-like oscillators

The space-borne observatories CoRoT (Convection Rotation and planetary Transits) and Kepler have provided photometric time series data of unprecedented precision for large numbers of stars. These data have revolutionized the fields of transiting exoplanets and asteroseismology. In this review some important asteroseismic results obtained using data from the CoRoT and Kepler space missions concerning stars that show solar-like oscillations are discussed. These results comprise, among others, measurements of the location of the base of the convection zone and helium second-ionization zone in main-sequence stars, the presence (or not) of core-helium burning in red-giant stars, as well as differential rotation in these stars.     

Return to Europa: Overview of the Jupiter Europa orbiter mission

Missions to explore Europa have been imagined ever since the Voyager mission first suggested that Europa was geologically very young. Subsequently, the Galileo spacecraft supplied fascinating new insights into this satellite of Jupiter. Now, an international team is proposing a return to the Jupiter system and Europa with the Europa Jupiter System Mission (EJSM). Currently, NASA and ESA are designing two orbiters that would explore the Jovian system and then each would settle into orbit around one of Jupiter’s icy satellites, Europa and Ganymede. In addition, the Japanese Aerospace eXploration Agency (JAXA) is considering a Jupiter magnetospheric orbiter and the Russian Space Agency is investigating a Europa lander.     

HELIO: The Heliophysics Integrated Observatory

Heliophysics is a new research field that explores the Sun–Solar System Connection; it requires the joint exploitation of solar, heliospheric, magnetospheric and ionospheric observations.