视觉辅助的无人机自主空中加油建模与仿真

为准确获得插头锥套式空中加油过程中无人机与锥套的相对位姿信息,提出了机器视觉辅助的插头锥套式无人机自主空中加油仿真方案,开发了基于Open CV,Simulink及Vega Prime视景仿真技术的闭环仿真系统.研究了机器视觉识别跟踪锥套的图像处理算法,利用Kalman滤波算法估计无人机与锥套的相对位姿.仿真结果表明,机器视觉算法可以准确识别跟踪锥套,滤波器状态估计的收敛速度较快,无人机姿态角变化范围较小,保证了插头锥套式无人机自主空中加油的平稳安全对接.     

六旋翼无人机的飞行力学建模研究

为开展六旋翼无人机的全机飞行力学建模研究,针对六旋翼无人机的前飞和非定常飞行要求,引入了动量叶素理论和动态人流理论对旋翼气动力进行分析.根据无人机的变转速控制方式,增加了旋翼转速变化对机身运动的影响项,推导了使六旋翼总需用功率最小的拉力分配优化方法,建立了六旋翼无人机的飞行力学模型.气动力计算结果表明,新建立的旋翼气动力计算方法精度高于现有的比例系数法.     

变化风场中无人机的动力学建模及飞行特性分析

研究了变化风场中无人机的动力学建模与飞行特性问题.给出了大气扰动的Von Kaman模型,推导出变化风场中无人机的六自由度非线性动力学模型,最后基于上述模型进行数值计算,分析了变化风场中无人机的飞行特性.结果表明,该模型能准确地描述无人机的动力学和运动学规律;大气扰动下,各运动参数均产生不同幅度的振荡;同一频谱的扰动在...     

Spiral descent of an unmanned aerial vehicle

An intensive unsteady spiral descent of an unmanned aerial vehicle with an approach to target (object) at the design altitude and specified minimal flight speed is considered. The decisive equations describing the motion of the FV center-of-mass are solved by time intervals. The influence of controlling parameters on the spiral radius, the maneuver speed and time is studied.     

无人机飞行品质标准研究

针对在编写无人机飞行品质标准的过程中所讨论的焦点问题,简要介绍了无人机飞行品质标准的体系架构,对飞行品质标准的主要条款进行了简要解释与分析,并与有人机的飞行品质标准进行了比较。该项研究为有关人员提供了参考和帮助。     

Ensuring the electromagnetic compatibility of onboard cables for unmanned aerial vehicles

The paper presents the results of studying the shielding efficiency for onboard cables of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). We specify the special features of studying the shielding efficiency for the onboard cables by means of a coaxial setup on frequencies more 3 MHz. The results presented in the paper experimentally verify that the shielding efficiency for onboard cables depends on the type of electromagnetic interference.     

无人机飞行控制方法研究现状与发展

飞行控制的基本目的是改善飞机的稳定性和操纵性,从而提高执行任务的能力.结合近年来国内外的发展状况和一些主要的研究成果,首先对当前无人机飞行控制领域中的最新研究进行了概述,包括反馈线性化、反步控制、滑模变结构控制、非线性H∞和μ综合鲁棒控制等非线性设计方法,分析了各自的特点,然后针对传统PID控制算法存在的诸多缺陷,介绍...     

Simulation system of telemetering and telecontrol for unmanned aerial vehicle

The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) which is capable to observe the Earth has wide applications and large quantities, such as reconnaissance and surveillance, attack on the ground, fire-proof forest, and marine search and rescue, and so on. The system of simulation composed of tracking, navigation, telecontrol, telemetering, and flight control is introduced in this paper. The method of simulation on telemetering and telecontrol, tracking and position, and target observation and tracking is explained.     

Methods for investigating the unmanned aerial vehicle electric actuator performance in aeroelasticity tasks

Theoretical and experimental methods of investigating the performance of an electric actuator of maneuverable unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is considered in order to solve the aeroelasticity tasks. Models of the stability analysis for the rudder–actuator system as well as the examples of numerical and experimental studies of this system performance are given.     

仿生全翼式太阳能无人机气动数值模拟

以高空太阳能无人机(UAV)为背景,针对某仿生全翼式太阳能无人机开展了气动数值模拟研究。首先,应用基于改进层流动能模型的雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程数值模拟方法,对典型低雷诺数机翼进行了数值验证;其次,回顾了某仿生全翼式太阳能无人机的基本设计特征;接着,采用数值模拟方法对该无人机进行了基本气动性能的计算分析;最后,对无人机的横航向性能和方向舵舵效进行了检验性的数值模拟。研究表明:该无人机各部件相互之间流动干扰较小,具有层流分离、转捩和湍流再附等低雷诺数流动特征;其基本气动性能较高(巡航升阻比大于34,纵向静稳定度约为8%),具有静稳定的横航向性能和较好的方向舵舵效;其仿生全翼式构型是一种较有前景的太阳能无人机布局形式。     

滑动蒙皮变后掠无人机非定常气动特性研究

为了探索飞机变形过程中的非定常气动特性及其机理,基于滑动蒙皮变后掠无人机这一可变形飞行器大尺度全局变形研究平台,通过风洞实验对其进行了非定常气动特性研究。结果表明:无人机变后掠过程中非定常气动特性曲线在相应的准定常曲线周围形成滞回环;无人机变后掠速率越快,滞回效应越显著;无人机以约7.5°/s的速率变后掠,会使非定常气动特性数值偏离相应的准定常数值5%以上;变后掠无人机非定常气动特性产生的主要原因可能在于流场结构迟滞和机翼附加速度。     

Control techniques of tilt rotor unmanned aerial vehicle systems:A review

The tilt rotor unmanned aerial vehicle (TRUAV) exhibits special application value due to its unique rotor structure. However, varying dynamics and aerodynamic interference caused by tiltable rotors are great technical challenges and key issues for TRUAV's high-powered flight con-trols, which have attracted the attention of many researchers. This paper outlines the concept of TRUAV and some typical TRUAV platforms while focusing on control techniques. TRUAV struc-tural features, dynamics modeling, and flight control methods are discussed, and major challenges and corresponding developmental tendencies associated with TRUAV flight control are summa-rized.     

无人机用三角转子发动机进气流量测量模型

针对发动机进气系统的非线性特性,研究了三角转子发动机的进气系统特点,建立了三角转子发动机进气流量测量模型,给出了节气门和进气口处的空气流量动态方程,进而基于该测量模型,提出了歧管中脉动气流的稳压处理措施,测定了208 cm3排量三角转子发动机的进气系统特性参数,建立了基本的进气量图,为电控燃油喷射系统的开发提供了基础数据.     

Synthesizing the control system of a small gliding unmanned aerial vehicle with high-aspect ratio wing

In this paper, we consider a problem of synthesizing the control system of a small gliding (unpowered) aerial vehicle (GAV) with a high-aspect ratio wing (?? ?? 10). This wing makes it possible to increase significantly the flight range and improve the maneuvering characteristics of the aerial vehicle itself.     

某无人机纵向控制律的最优控制器设计及仿真

控制律的设计直接影响无人机的飞行品质.针对无人机的要求,把飞行控制系统的纵向运动分为俯仰角速率、俯仰角和高度控制三个回路,采用最优控制器方法进行PID控制器设计,避免了经典控制理论中根轨迹法需要试凑的缺点.通过编写OCD程序并在Matlab中进行仿真,结果表明,所设计的无人机飞行控制器响应速度快、超调量小,效果有明显改善,飞行品质达到1级要求,并可大大节省设计时间,为进一步研究多输入多输出控制器提供了依据.     

Longitudinal parameter identification of a small unmanned aerial vehicle based on modified particle swarm optimization

This paper describes a longitudinal parameter identification procedure for a small unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)through modified particle swam optimization(PSO).The procedure is demonstrated using a small UAV equipped with only an micro-electro-mechanical systems(MEMS)inertial measuring element and a global positioning system(GPS)receiver to provide test information.A small UAV longitudinal parameter mathematical model is derived and the modified method is proposed based on PSO with selective particle regeneration(SRPSO).Once modified PSO is applied to the mathematical model,the simulation results show that the mathematical model is correct,and aerodynamic parameters and coefficients of the propeller can be identified accurately.Results are compared with those of PSO and SRPSO and the comparison shows that the proposed method is more robust and faster than the other methods for the longitudinal parameter identification of the small UAV.Some parameter identification results are affected slightly by noise,but the identification results are very good overall.Eventually,experimental validation is employed to test the proposed method,which demonstrates the usefulness of this method.     

A computing model and its experimental testing for an evaluation of electromagnetic interferences created by interfering circuits on transmission or high-voltage lines above a dissipative ground

In this paper we present useful calculations for a prediction of the electromagnetic field created by interfering circuits on a linear horizontal transmission line over an imperfectly conducting ground. The interfering circuits are assimilated to antennas and treated by using the dipole-radiation theory. The current distribution is determinated by the transmission-line theory. We present here the computational procedure allowing a fast and accurate calculation of the electromagnetic fields components of a series of dipoles. We give the linear characteristics Z, Y of the transmission line by incorporating the ground effects. The response of a terminated one-wire transmission line set over the ground and excited by a non-uniform field is given. A comparison between computed results given by the model and experimental measurements is provided.     

基于Matlab的无人机全过程飞行仿真

为了对小型无人机全过程飞行仿真进行研究,根据无人机飞行控制回路和制导回路,搭建了模块化的系统仿真结构,将Matlab/Simulink和Stateflow有机结合起来,建立了易于维护和扩展的仿真环境。利用仿真环境对无人机的控制规律和制导规律进行了仿真,结果表明了控制规律和制导规律的合理性,以及全过程仿真环境的实用性。     

Method of designing a neural controller for the automatic lateral control of unmanned aerial vehicles

The paper discusses a method of designing the neural controller for two-channel control of a technical object by an example of the roll and yaw control depending on deviations, velocities and accelerations of their variation.