Physical Modeling of Electromagnetic Interference in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle under Action of the Electric Transport Contact Network

The technique was developed for studying the noise immunity of electronic systems of unmanned aerial vehicles on the basis of physical modeling. The mathematical models, the scheme of a test bench, and examples of parameter calculation for physical modeling of electromagnetic interference in communication lines under the influence of switching magnetic fields of electric transport contact network are proposed. An example of physical modeling of electromagnetic interference in communication lines is presented.     

无人机电磁弹射技术研究

与现有的各种无人机发射方式相比,无人机电磁弹射方式具有更多的优点,能更好地提高无人机发射效率。通过原理性分析以及导轨起飞运动学分析,对无人机电磁弹射技术进行了可行性研究。高功率脉冲电源系统释放强直电流后,电流经导轨与电枢形成回路,在回路间产生强磁场,无人机受电磁推力作用沿导轨高速运动。最后通过实例的计算数据比较,确定无人机电磁弹射技术是可行的且优点明显。     

Ensuring the electromagnetic compatibility of onboard cables for unmanned aerial vehicles

The paper presents the results of studying the shielding efficiency for onboard cables of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). We specify the special features of studying the shielding efficiency for the onboard cables by means of a coaxial setup on frequencies more 3 MHz. The results presented in the paper experimentally verify that the shielding efficiency for onboard cables depends on the type of electromagnetic interference.     

无人机近距离编队飞行模型建立及控制器设计

针对无人机编队飞行问题，提出了无人机近距离编队飞行的建模方法。采用全状态量反馈．同时将气动干扰作为非线性反馈，设计出一套适用于无人机近距离编队飞行的自动驾驶仪。通过仿真验证，表明此控制器能较好地稳定优化后的编队飞行结构，并具有良好的鲁棒性。     

Control techniques of tilt rotor unmanned aerial vehicle systems:A review

The tilt rotor unmanned aerial vehicle (TRUAV) exhibits special application value due to its unique rotor structure. However, varying dynamics and aerodynamic interference caused by tiltable rotors are great technical challenges and key issues for TRUAV's high-powered flight con-trols, which have attracted the attention of many researchers. This paper outlines the concept of TRUAV and some typical TRUAV platforms while focusing on control techniques. TRUAV struc-tural features, dynamics modeling, and flight control methods are discussed, and major challenges and corresponding developmental tendencies associated with TRUAV flight control are summa-rized.     

无人机集群研究进展综述

集群行为是一种常见于自然界中鱼群、鸟群、蜂群等低等群居生物的集体行为，生物群中的个体仅依靠局部感知作用和简单的通信规则自主决定其运动状态，并且从简单的局部规则涌现出协同的整体行为。受此启发，提出了无人机集群作战的概念。无人机集群作战是指依靠大量低成本、速度快、适应能力强、易于携带和投射的无人机形成规模优势，从而取得战争的主动权。由于无人机集群技术的重要战略地位，中美俄等军事大国均开始重视无人机集群技术的持续发展。介绍了无人机集群的研究动机，从模型、协议和平台3个角度总结了研究方法，重点分析了几种典型作战模式以及涉及的若干关键技术。综上所述，集群技术在军事方面具有重要的应用价值，必将引领全新的作战模式。     

Influence of Interference Effects of the Rotor on the Launch Dynamics of Gliding Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

A mathematical model of the gliding unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) motion is performed taking into account the interference effect of the main rotor on the UAV. Calculated values are presented for the interference addition to the aerodynamic coefficients of forces and moments on the UAV path section close to the carrier. The problems of stabilization and control are solved, providing stability of the UAV motion at the launch with due account of the aerodynamic interference and the effect of short-term upper stage engine operation, as well as a safe distance between the carrier and the UAV during their simultaneous motion.     

亚声速翼身融合无人机概念外形参数优化

为了兼顾翼身融合（BWB）布局无人机（UAV）的气动、隐身和结构重量要求,应用优化方法研究了某亚声速翼身融合无人机概念方案的外形设计问题。外形优化设计流程包括全机参数化几何外形模型、气动分析、机翼根部弯矩计算、雷达散射截面（RCS）分析、代理模型的建立和外形参数优化计算。选择了三种不同优化目标研究翼身融合无人机外形优化问题：①未配平状态升阻比最大;②配平状态升阻比最大;③配平状态升阻比尽量大和机翼弯矩尽量小。通过优化结果的对比分析,揭示了配平约束和机翼弯矩目标对优化设计结果的影响。研究结果表明：计入配平约束能够有效提高配平升阻比;将配平状态升阻比尽量大和机翼根部弯矩尽量小作为优化目标能够获得合理的优化外形。     

Failure behavior analysis of phased-mission systems considering functional and physical isolation effects

Phased-Mission Systems(PMS) are widely applied in aerospace, telecommunication and intelligent systems for multiple, consecutive and non-overlapping phases of missions. The phasedependent stresses and system structure cause some difficulties to the reliability analysis of PMSs.In this paper, we analyze the physical isolation effects on the degradation speeds and across-phase damage accumulations of failure mechanisms. And, some corresponding reliability and unreliability formulas are derived. Be...     

Seadrome: Technologies of Complex Navigation for Amphibious Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in the Seaplane Basin

The paper considers the physical principles of operation, performance and structural diagram of the short base sonar navigation system installed aboard an amphibious unmanned aerial vehicle. This system provides the required course piloting in the seaplane basin that is assigned by the network system of bottom transmitter-receiver antenna assemblies.     

无人机空中加油过程中基于机器视觉的相对位姿估计(英文)

本文主要研究了在无人机空中自主加油过程中,利用安装在无人机上的摄像机得到的视觉图像确定无人机与加油机之间相对位置关系的算法。本文以经典的OI算法为基础展开研究,文章主要分为三个部分:首先简要介绍了OI算法的基本实现方法,指出了在OI算法中,旋转矩阵R的初值的选择对于位姿估计的精度有一定的影响。其次主要介绍了一种线性算法用于获取R初值的方法,同时针对空中加油过程中无人机与加油机之间的相对姿态角变化较小的特点,提出了可以将旋转矩阵R的初值设为单位矩阵。论文最后在仿真环境下对相关算法展开实验研究,同时研究了在高斯噪声环境下特征点在加油机表面的分布对位姿估计结果的影响,论文得到如下的结论:1、针对空中加油过程中无人机与加油机之间的相对姿态角变化较小的特点,在高斯噪声环境下,以单位矩阵作为旋转矩阵的初值得到的位姿估计的结果好于以线性算法为初值的结果。2、在相同的高斯噪声环境下,特征点之间的距离越大时得到的位姿估计结果的精度越高。3、特征点的数量对相对位姿估计的精度没有明显影响。     

先进无人机飞行控制技术研究

在“系统中的系统”的概念下,研究了先进无人员飞控系统的关键问题。对层阶,开放的无人机控制结构,多模型自适应控制技术等进行了较详细的论述和分析,最后对该领域的发展趋势进行了总结。研究结果对当前正在研制的多种无人机具有一定的参考价值。     

A review of aerial manipulation of small-scale rotorcraft unmanned robotic systems

Small-scale rotorcraft unmanned robotic systems(SRURSs) are a kind of unmanned rotorcraft with manipulating devices. This review aims to provide an overview on aerial manipulation of SRURSs nowadays and promote relative research in the future. In the past decade, aerial manipulation of SRURSs has attracted the interest of researchers globally. This paper provides a literature review of the last 10 years(2008–2017) on SRURSs, and details achievements and challenges. Firstly, the definition, current state, development, classification, and challenges of SRURSs are introduced. Then, related papers are organized into two topical categories: mechanical structure design, and modeling and control. Following this, research groups involved in SRURS research and their major achievements are summarized and classified in the form of tables. The research groups are introduced in detail from seven parts. Finally, trends and challenges are compiled and presented to serve as a resource for researchers interested in aerial manipulation of SRURSs. The problem,trends, and challenges are described from three aspects. Conclusions of the paper are presented,and the future of SRURSs is discussed to enable further research interests.     

航空视频电路抗干扰设计

从原理着手分析了影响航空视频电路电磁干扰的几个重要因素,采取降低时钟信号的干扰、保护敏感信号、数模混合电路统一接地、防止电源干扰、减少高频辐射对电路的影响等措施,提高视频电路板的电磁兼容设计,有效地提高电子产品的抗干扰能力和电子兼容性。     

基于自抗扰控制的共轴直升机姿态控制律设计

以某型共轴双旋翼无人直升机作为研究对象,对无人机返航进场与降落着舰阶段的抗扰动问题进行研究。针对海上着舰环境下的外界干扰与不确定性问题,选用自抗扰控制器设计共轴直升机姿态控制律,以提高共轴直升机对外部扰动的抗扰性能。针对自抗扰控制律调整参数过多问题,设计改进粒子群算法进行自动参数优化。仿真结果表明:改进粒子群算法能够显著提高参数整定速度,且精度更高;优化参数后的自抗扰控制律在强干扰环境下具备良好的动态响应与鲁棒性。     

Selection of an Audibility Criterion for Propeller Driven Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

Based on a flight experiment, the difference between the total aircraft noise level and the ambient noise is proposed to be used as an audibility criterion for unmanned aerial vehicles equipped with piston engines. It is found that the unmanned aerial vehicle becomes audible for an observer at a criterion value of 3 dBA.     

小型固定翼无人机零长发射参数安全边界研究

针对小型螺旋桨无人机零长发射仿真需求,建立了完善的发射仿真数学模型。助推火箭安装角关系到无人机发射安全,是无人机推力线吊挂工作中最重要的调整参数。结合某型无人机,实例仿真了助推火箭推力线纵向、侧向偏离重心等各种工况的发射过程,确定了火箭安装角偏移量安全边界,可作为实际推力线吊挂工作的依据。     

基于CST软件仿真的线束隔离研究

在民用飞机电气线路互联系统(EWIS)设计中,通过物理隔离防止电弧和电磁干扰(EMI)是适航审定的重要内容。以隔离距离为研究对象,基于电磁仿真软件CST,构建多种模型,对不同类型线缆间、不同电信号线路进行了仿真,证明了物理隔离不但是防止电弧产生的有效方式,而且能够极大地降低电磁干扰,同时使用屏蔽线缆和多芯扭绞等防护方法,也是降低电磁干扰的有效措施。     

小型无人飞行器风场扰动自适应控制方法

针对小型无人飞行器在执行任务时传感器测量精度低、受风场扰动影响大的问题,提出了一种利用矢量域与滑模控制相结合的复合控制方式,有效地实现了对小型无人飞行器的轨迹与航向的自适应跟踪。将复杂航迹分解为直线段与圆弧段分别构建矢量域,从而确定基于位置误差的航迹信息,并通过机载传感器获得状态和位置信息,利用滑模控制方法抑制风场扰动对小型无人飞行器的影响。试验结果表明,本文提出的控制算法能够保证阵风干扰情况下小型无人飞行器的航迹控制精度,同时具有良好的动态响应。     

无人机桨叶损伤的在线模型估计新方法

无人机在复杂高对抗环境中极易出现桨叶结构受损故障，造成无人机控制性能退化甚至失稳，给无人机带来灾难性后果。桨叶结构损伤条件下无人机动力学模型的在线估计与重建是保障无人机控制系统稳定的重要前提。由于桨叶损伤干扰隐含于无人机动力学模型的内部，可观测性较低，典型的干扰观测器难以实现对此类干扰的估计。提出了一种新型穿透型干扰观测器，通过构造穿透函数，将模型内部的干扰映射到一个新建的平行空间，实现了对桨叶损伤的估计和故障后无人机的建模，并给出了所设计穿透型干扰观测器的稳定性条件。以四旋翼无人机为应用对象，对桨叶损伤形成的干扰进行在线估计与量化，反演出桨叶随机出现的损伤，实现了桨叶损伤后无人机动力学模型的在线精细重建，解决了无人机桨叶损伤故障下力矩输入难以直接测量的问题。半物理仿真实验验证了所提方法的有效性。