Wave resistance of rough plane channel walls in the supersonic flow

We propose a method that makes it possible to obtain in the framework of linear approximation the exact formulas for the wave resistance of the channel walls with an arbitrary plane pattern in the first and subsequent interference zones. It is shown by a particular example of the sinusoidal pattern that the pressure wave interference may lead to the positive or negative resistance resonance.     

Pressure recovery in a planar diffuser at pulsatory flow regimes

Experimental results of a study of pressure recovery in a planar diffuser under imposed pulsations of the air flowrate are presented. The data is obtained in a wide range of imposed pulsation frequencies. Features of distributions of the mean pressure and the pressure drop in the diffuser are described.     

Analysis of a redshifted plasma flow over a sunspot

The ultraviolet spectrum of a redshifted plasma flow appearing over a sunspot observed during the first flight of the High Resolution Telescope Spectrograph (HRTS I) is analysed, and interpreted as a radiatively cooling plasma. For most of the lines emitted from this plasma, the assumption of ionization equilibrium during the cooling is good. However for He II (and other ions with a single electron outside of closed shells), this is not the case. Integrating differential equations for the various ionization fractions of helium and the temperature allows an approximate determination of the abundance of helium relative to other elements whose lines appear in the spectrum of the plasma flow.     

高流速时横掠管束的流动阻力特性实验研究

为了在空气流速很高的航空发动机外涵道中使用管式空-空换热器，用实验的方法研究了高流速时考虑压缩效应影响的椭圆管束和圆管束的流动阻力特性，并对二者进行了对比。结果表明：相同几何排列情况下，两种管束的阻力系数随雷诺数的变化趋势大体相同；但椭圆管束的阻力系数明显低于圆管的阻力系数。在实际使用中应首选椭圆管束结构形式。     

二维合成射流组合效应的数值研究

采用数值模拟的方法,研究了一列合成射流对二维平板流动壁面的影响,对合成射流组合效应进行了分析。结果表明:在不同的开孔角度和振动相位下,合成射流组合效应明显,对壁面平均剪切应力改变显著,最大变化约15%,对壁面压力改变较小,最大变化约0.5%,;对于流场壁面压力和剪切应力分布,斜开孔比直开孔改变要大,异相位射流比同相位射流改变要大;异相位振动模式下,壁面平均压力和剪切应力值波动较小,变化比较平稳。     

激波绕射方台的非定常流场研究

本文以数值方法研究了运动激波绕射矩形突台的非定常流场发展过程。计算中采用ＴＶＤ格式，得到了清晰的流场变化图谱。从流场图中可分辨出旋涡的形式过程及分离域形态。研究结果表明，本方法可以很好地描述激波绕射方台形成的复杂流动过程，对流场间断有较高的捕获力。     

高超声速钝头双锥体高温流场辐射研究

研究再入高温绕流及尾流流场的辐射特性对高超声速飞行器突防和识别技术的发展具有重要意义。本文基于Navier-Stokes方程和辐射传输方程,建立了沿任意视角方向的再入体全目标区流场(包括绕流及尾迹流场)辐射特性计算方法,计算分析了在0.4~12.0μm光谱范围内钝头双锥体高温化学反应流场辐射在不同视角(0°~180°)方向以及不同再入高度(40~60km)下的变化特征。     

Investigation of turbulence influence on the particle resistance in a two-phase flow

The results of studying the resistance of a regular spherical particle lattice by means of the ANSYS/FLOTRAN software are presented; the lattice is streamlined by a turbulent incompressible flow at different values of the Re number and turbulence parameters. It is shown that the interference of neighboring particles and their resistance coefficients is unsymmetrical. A phenomenon of a significant influence of local turbulence parameters (scale and intensity) on the single particle resistance is described.     

交错肋通道换热和流阻特性的研究

针对布有交错肋的涡轮叶片尾缘内冷通道进行了换热以及流阻的实验研究.实验结果表明, 变截面带肋通道的换热效果和流阻都高于等截面带肋通道.等截面通道和变截面通道相对于光通道而言Nu数分别提升了4-6倍和7倍, 但其流阻系数相应的也分别提高了400倍和600倍左右.变截面带肋通道的综合换热效果同样优于等截面通道.      

简谐摇摆运动下窄通道内空气-水两相流摩擦阻力

矩形窄通道广泛应用于紧凑式换热器设计中,其内空气-水两相流动摩擦阻力受简谐摇摆运动影响而与稳定状态不同。笔者通过实验研究了摇摆运动条件下矩形窄通道内绝热两相流摩擦压降特性。结果表明：层流区（分液相雷诺数Rel〈800）及过渡区（800≤Rel≤1400）摇摆条件下摩擦压降波动周期等于摇摆周期;湍流区（Rel〉1400）摩擦压降没有明显的周期性波动。Lee-Lee模型能较好地用于摇摆条件下平均摩擦压降的预测,但不能用于周期性变化摩擦压降的动态预测。通过分析大量实验数据的变化规律,基于奇斯霍姆C（Chisholm）关系式,拟合得到了摇摆条件下瞬时摩擦压降经验关系式,其预测值与实验值有较好的一致性。     

竖直平板Blasius流层流边界层流动与传热耦合解

对考虑辐射传热、流体黏度随温度变化、有和无滑移边界条件下的可渗透竖直平板Blasius流层流边界层的无量纲速度场与温度场进行了深入研究.经相似变换将描述速度场与温度场耦合的偏微分方程组转换成非线性常微分方程组,用Runge-Kutta法对常微分方程组进行了数值求解.研究了无量纲参数对无量纲速度场及温度场的影响,着重分析了滑移边界条件下速度和温度随无量纲参数的变化规律.结果表明:吸入时边界层变薄,喷注时边界层加厚;对比于无滑移边界条件,滑移边界条件下速度、温度边界层变薄;随着变黏度参数a或喷注与吸入参数的增大,壁面摩擦因数、局部努塞尔数Nu增大,速度和温度边界层变薄;随着普朗特数Pr、热辐射参数R的增加,或毕渥数Bi,布林克曼数Br的减小, 温度边界层变薄.      

离心通风器通风阻力的影响因素

为分析航空发动机离心通风器通风阻力的影响因素,应用计算流体动力学(CFD)和雷诺应力模型(RSM)对离心通风器内流场进行数值计算.比较相同工况下通风阻力的计算与试验值,保证模型的适用性.通过计算得到不同工况和结构的足够拟合数量的离心通风器阻力值,对数据进行二元二次空间趋势面回归分析.结果表明:流量和转速的增加都带来更大的通风阻力;通风孔偏心设计与减小辐板顶圆半径可以减小通风阻力,通风孔偏心设计存在最佳偏心距约为7.5mm.     

涡轮机匣流动阻力特性实验

通过实验测量了不同雷诺数（80000~260000）情况下整个涡轮机匣腔内的压力分布,总结了涡轮机匣腔内压力分布和流动阻力特性.实验结果表明:①在腔二到腔三的过渡区域,压力下降非常明显,压力损失较大;②随着雷诺数的增大,静压系数有增大的趋势,增大的幅度在19%以内;③随着雷诺数的增大,总压损失系数变化较为平稳,变化范围在10%以内.      

半模试验翼身组合体垫块的数值模拟分析

采用数值模拟方法研究存在风洞侧壁边界层影响时垫块厚度和修型对翼身组合体气动特性的影响.本文采用Jameson中心有限体积、多步Runge-Kutta时间推进格式求解三维可压、雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程,引入Baldwin-Lomax湍流模型,分析了垫块厚度和修型对DLR-F4翼身组合体半模型气动力和局部流场的影响.通过本文计算得出的结论对于跨声速半模型风洞试验垫块优化设计具有重要的指导意义,能更好地提高风洞试验数据的精准度和试验技术水平.     

部分平均Navier-Stokes方法模拟超声速斜面空腔流动

采用部分平均Navier-Stokes (PANS)方法对超声速斜面空腔流动进行了数值模拟研究,评估其对于超声速非定常湍流模拟的性能,并与雷诺平均N-S(RANS),脱体涡模拟(DES)的计算结果及实验数据进行对比.研究表明:模化湍动能比例全场可变的PANS方法预测的速度、壁面压力和摩擦力系数分布与DES的结果非常接近,都与实验值吻合得较好,优于RANS的计算结果;非定常雷诺平均N-S(URANS)计算的自由剪切层近乎为二维稳态的,而DES和PANS方法可以求解出更为丰富的流动结构;模化湍动能比例全场统一的PANS方法虽然可以求解出相比RANS更多尺度的流动结构,但在近壁区不能回归到RANS模型,预测的湍流边界层的速度型偏离对数律,后续的流动计算也偏离实验数据.      

Near-wall topological patterns and flow structures over a simplified Danaus plexippus model

Studies on the high-lift mechanisms of butterfly gliding flights shed light on the design of the micro air vehicles. The flow field around a simplified Danaus plexippus model is investigated using the hydrogen bubble visualization and the Particle Image Velocimetry(PIV) techniques.There are three near-wall topological patterns with different Angles of Attack(AoAs): the separation bubble, the Leading-Edge Vortex(LEV) and the high Ao As flow. For the separation bubble pattern, two saddles and two ...     

Experimental study of flow field distribution over a generic cranked double delta wing

The flow fields over a generic cranked double delta wing were investigated. Pressure and velocity distributions were obtained using a Pitot tube and a hot wire anemometer. Two different leading edge shapes, namely ‘‘sharp and ‘‘round, were applied to the wing. The wing had two sweep angles of 55° and 30°. The experiments were conducted in a closed circuit wind tunnel at velocity 20 m/s and angles of attack of 5°–20° with the step of 5°. The Reynolds number of the model was about 2 ×10~5 according to the root chord. A dual vortex structure was formed above the wing surface. A pressure drop occurred at the vortex core and the root mean square of the measured velocity increased at the core of the vortices, reflecting the instability of the flow in that region. The magnitude of power spectral density increased strongly in spanwise direction and had the maximum value at the vortex core. By increasing the angle of attack, the pressure drop increased and the vortices became wider; the vortices moved inboard along the wing, and away from the surface; the flow separation was initiated from the outer portion of the wing and developed to its inner part. The vortices of the wing of the sharp leading edge were stronger than those of the round one.     

Influence of artificial tip perturbation on asymmetric vortices flow over a chined fuselage

An experimental study was conducted with the aim of understanding behavior of asymmetric vortices flow over a chined fuselage.The tests were carried out in a wind tunnel at Reynolds number of 1.87 · 105 under the conditions of high angles of attack and zero angle of sideslip.The results show that leeward vortices flow becomes asymmetric vortices flow when angle of attack increases over 20.The asymmetric vortices flow is asymmetry of two forebody vortices owing to the increase of angle of attack but not asymmetry of vortex breakdown which appears when angle of attack is above 35.Asymmetric vortices flow is sensitive to tip perturbation and is nondeterministic due to randomly distributed natural minute geometrical irregularities on the nose tip within machining tolerance.Deterministic asymmetric vortices flow can be obtained by attaching artificial tip perturbation which can trigger asymmetric vortices flow and decide asymmetric vortices flow pattern.Triggered by artificial tip perturbation, the vortex on the same side with perturbation is in a higher position, and the other vortex on the opposite side is in a lower position.Vortex suction on the lower vortex side is larger, which corresponds to a side force pointing to the lower vortex side.     

圆柱跨声速绕流中的激波/湍流相互作用大涡模拟研究

采用大涡模拟方法研究了圆柱跨声速绕流中的激波/湍流相互作用问题,来流马赫数M∞取为0.75,基于圆柱直径D的雷诺数为2×105。计算结果表明,圆柱分离点处出现一道斜激波,并且以与涡脱泻Strouhal数一致的特征频率向上游传播。激波运动导致流场中出现反对称的流动模态,剪切层中压力信号的功率谱曲线中存在0.4、-1和-5次方的斜率关系,剪切层中的剪切应力角约为0°,脉动速度以流向脉动速度为主,并且沿剪切层的大尺度结构组织性减小。     

矩形波导内的微放电效应

分析了空间射频系统中微波放电现象。采用数值方式对距形波导内传输不同模式场时的微放电特性进行了计算,并进行了简单的比较。论述了抑制微波放电的措施。结果表明,在射频系统中,当传输的是行波场时,微放电的危害相对较大。而采用微扰磁场技术可以有效的抑制微放电的强度。