Adaptive Integral-type Sliding Mode Control for Spacecraft Attitude Maneuvering Under Actuator Stuck Failures

A fault tolerant control (FTC) design technique against actuator stuck faults is investigated using integral-type sliding mode control (ISMC) with application to spacecraft attitude maneuvering control system. The principle of the proposed FTC scheme is to design an integral-type sliding mode attitude controller using on-line parameter adaptive updating law to compensate for the effects of stuck actuators. This adaptive law also provides both the estimates of the system parameters and external disturbances such that a prior knowledge of the spacecraft inertia or boundedness of disturbances is not required. Moreover, by including the integral feedback term, the designed controller can not only tolerate actuator stuck faults, but also compensate the disturbances with constant components. For the synthesis of controller, the fault time, patterns and values are unknown in advance, as motivated from a practical spacecraft control application. Complete stability and performance analysis are presented and illustrative simulation results of application to a spacecraft show that high precise attitude control with zero steady-error is successfully achieved using various scenarios of stuck failures in actuators.     

基于新型终端滑模的航天器执行器故障容错姿态控制

针对受干扰的刚体航天器冗余执行器存在故障与控制受限的姿态跟踪控制问题,提出一类基于新型指数形式的非奇异快速滑模面（ENFTSM）与趋近律的姿态容错控制器设计方法。当部分推力器发生故障时,假设剩余推力器具有输出饱和特性且能提供足够推力保证航天器执行任务,相比一般终端滑模控制器,本文设计的控制器不仅能使系统状态以更快的速度到达平衡点,且不需要在线对执行器故障信息进行检测和分离。基于Lyapunov方法证明本文设计的控制器能保证闭环系统稳定,且能有效地抑制外部干扰、控制受限和执行器故障等约束。最后对提出的控制算法进行了数值仿真,其结果表明了该控制器的有效性。     

基于新型终端滑模的航天器执行器故障容错姿态控制简

 针对受干扰的刚体航天器冗余执行器存在故障与控制受限的姿态跟踪控制问题,提出一类基于新型指数形式的非奇异快速滑模面（ENFTSM）与趋近律的姿态容错控制器设计方法。当部分推力器发生故障时,假设剩余推力器具有输出饱和特性且能提供足够推力保证航天器执行任务,相比一般终端滑模控制器,本文设计的控制器不仅能使系统状态以更快的速度到达平衡点,且不需要在线对执行器故障信息进行检测和分离。基于Lyapunov方法证明本文设计的控制器能保证闭环系统稳定,且能有效地抑制外部干扰、控制受限和执行器故障等约束。最后对提出的控制算法进行了数值仿真,其结果表明了该控制器的有效性。     

采用定子电流与扰动观测的永磁同步电机改进预测电流控制

提出了一种采用定子电流和扰动观测补偿的改进预测电流控制(PCC)算法。理论上永磁同步电机PCC具有优异的控制性能,但现实系统中离散采样延时与电磁参数时变等问题使得原理上基于模型的预测电流控制器的控制品质严重恶化。设计了龙伯格(Luenberger)状态观测器实现对定子电流与参数扰动的观测,并应用于补偿和改进经典的无差拍预测电流控制器。将观测到的当前时刻的定子电流替代当前时刻的采样电流用于反馈控制,以补偿采样延时;运行过程中电磁参数的变化使得模型参数失配,其影响以电压扰动的形式被观测出来,并补偿到预测控制输出的电压指令中。仿真和试验结果验证了所提方法的有效性。     

简化的鲁棒自适应模糊动态面控制及其应用

 针对不确定严格反馈块控非线性系统,提出了一种简化的鲁棒自适应模糊动态面控制方法。利用T S模糊系统在线逼近系统的不确定及外界干扰,简化自适应参数调整方法,解决了动态面控制自适应参数过多的问题。基于Lyapunov方法及小增益理论证明了闭环系统半全局一致最终有界。该方法设计的控制器复杂性低且具有最少的在线调整自适应参数,易于工程实现。最后对所提出的方法进行了某推力矢量战斗机的Herbst机动仿真,结果表明了方法的有效性。     

航空机电作动器神经网络快速终端滑模控制

目前机电作动器由于具有干净、维护方便等优点,越来越受到航空业的青睐。航空机电作动器的特点是控制精度、稳定性和响应速度要求高,针对以上特点,提出了一种基于多层神经网络的快速终端滑模控制策略。为了提高航空作动器响应速度和跟踪精度,设计了快速终端滑模控制策略,不仅可以加快系统响应而且可以在无扰动情况下实现系统的有限时间稳定。针对系统参数不确定性和外部扰动,设计多层神经网络进行估计并通过前馈方法加以补偿。针对神经网络的重构误差,设计了非线性鲁棒项加以克服。利用李亚普洛夫稳定性定理证明了控制系统在有扰动情况下可以实现有界稳定。实验结果表明：所设计的控制器具有良好的参数自适应和抗干扰能力,同时具有更高的跟踪精度和更快的响应速度。     

Control of approach and landing phase for reentry vehicle using fuzzy logic

The reentry vehicle is affected by various disturbances such as a wind gust, atmospheric condition or aerodynamic problems in the approach and landing phase. Therefore it is necessary to design a robust control scheme. This paper presents a control scheme using Mamdani fuzzy PD controller. In this paper, the reference trajectories are generated using geometric parameters for disturbed circumstances with 4 cases: nominal, headwind and tailwind, drag increased case. Then, a Mamdani fuzzy PD controller was designed in this study. Twenty-five rules were applied in the knowledge-based system. The max–min method for a fuzzy inference system and the center-of-mass method in defuzzification were used. Finally, guidance and control simulations are performed for verification of proposed controller using generated reference trajectories. In addition, the Monte Carlo simulation is performed considering various disturbances. The results show that proposed Mamdani fuzzy PD controller has reliability and robustness for control of reentry vehicle with wind disturbance in the approach and landing phases.     

推力器故障的刚体航天器自适应变结构容错控制

 针对刚体航天器存在未知惯量参数、推力器故障以及控制受限的姿态控制问题,提出了一类自适应变结构容错控制方法,显式地引入推力器输出的饱和幅值,以确保控制输出在其要求界的范围内;同时,引入控制参数在线自适应调整技术,提高了控制律对参数、干扰以及故障变化的自适应能力;对设计者而言,推力器故障信息不需要进行在线检测和分离。此外,进一步考虑存在推力偏差对系统性能的影响,设计控制器参数使得闭环系统对这类推力偏差具有L₂增益稳定性。最后,将设计的控制器应用于航天器的姿态机动控制,仿真结果表明该控制器能有效地抑制外部干扰、参数不确定性和推力器各种故障的约束,在完成姿态机动的同时,保证其控制输出满足饱和受限界的要求。     

DECENTRALIZED ROBUST CONTROL FOR UNCERTAIN FLEXIBLE SPACE STATION

ＤＥＣＥＮＴＲＡＬＩＺＥＤＲＯＢＵＳＴＣＯＮＴＲＯＬＦＯＲＵＮＣＥＲＴＡＩＮＦＬＥＸＩＢＬＥＳＰＡＣＥＳＴＡＴＩＯＮＷａｎｇＱｉｎｇ；ＣｈｅｎＸｉｎｈａｉ（ＣｏｌｌｅｇｅｏｆＡｓｔｒｏｎａｕｔｉｃｓ，ＮｏｒｔｈｔｖｅｓｔｅｒｎＰｃｌｙｔｅｃｈｎｉｃａ...     

全渐近到达滑动模态控制方法的应用

本文着重论述全渐近到达滑动模态控制方法在微机控制的位置随动系统中应用。     

广义预测自适应控制器在导弹控制系统设计中应用

将一种新的广义预测自适应控制算法应用于快速时变的导弹控制系统设计中。讨论了设计参数对控制系统性能的影响;针对自适应控制信号过大,提出了改进方案,增强了系统的鲁棒性和抗干扰能力。大量的数字仿真结果表明:运用该方案设计的导弹控制系统具有很好的跟踪性能和强的抗干扰能力;对系统阶次、参数、时延和采样周期的变化具有很强的鲁棒性;自适应算法中,对验前知识要求少,实现起来也比较简单。     

Distributed event-triggered adaptive control for second-order nonlinear uncertain multi-agent systems

In this paper, the event-triggered consensus control problem for nonlinear uncertain multi-agent systems subject to unknown parameters and external disturbances is considered. The dynamics of subsystems are second-order with similar structures, and the nodes are connected by undirected graphs. The event-triggered mechanisms are not only utilized in the transmission of information from the controllers to the actuators, and from the sensors to the controllers within each agent, but also in the communication between agents. Based on the adaptive backstepping method, extra estimators are introduced to handle the unknown parameters, and the measurement errors that occur during the event-triggered communication are well handled by designing compensating terms for the control signals. The presented distributed event-triggered adaptive control laws can guarantee the boundness of the consensus tracking errors and the Zeno behavior is avoided. Meanwhile, the update frequency of the controllers and the load of communication burden are vastly reduced. The obtained control protocol is further applied to a multi-input multi-output second-order nonlinear multi-agent system, and the simulation results show the effectiveness and advantages of our proposed method.     

具有多输入和扰动作用的非线性系统的前馈/反馈线性化

 研究了具有多输入和扰动作用的非线性系统的线性化问题。对这类非线性系统,利用非线性前馈和反馈的方法,对状态空间坐标和控制输入空间坐标的变换,从而获得与之等价的可控准线性系统:z=Az+Bv+ρ(z)d。讨论了这类非线性系统前馈/反馈线性化的具体步骤,并给出了一个算例。     

一类非仿射输入和不确定性系统的输出跟踪控制

针对一类具有非仿射输入和不确定性的混沌系统,提出了鲁棒自适应RBFNN反演控制。RBF神经网络用来逼近设计过程中所有的未知非线性函数,并且对逼近的误差设计了鲁棒项,设计的自适应律是针对RBF所有权值的上界而不是权值本身,因而在线自适应参数数量减少了,节约了计算时间。该方法保证了混沌系统的输出能跟踪任意参考信号,并且跟踪误差是一致渐进收敛的。仿真结果表明该方法的可行性和有效性。     

Attitude tracking control for variable structure near space vehicles based on switched nonlinear systems

An adaptive robust attitude tracking control law based on switched nonlinear systems is presented for a variable structure near space vehicle (VSNSV) in the presence of uncertainties and disturbances. The adaptive fuzzy systems are employed for approximating unknown functions in the flight dynamic model and their parameters are updated online. To improve the flight robust performance, robust controllers with adaptive gains are designed to compensate for the approximation errors and thus they have less design conservation. Moreover, a systematic procedure is developed for the synthesis of adaptive fuzzy dynamic surface control (DSC) approach. According to the common Lyapunov function theory, it is proved that all signals of the closed-loop system are uniformly ultimately bounded by the continuous controller. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed control scheme.     

Decentralized attitude synchronization tracking control for multiple spacecraft under directed communication topology

This paper studies the attitude synchronization tracking control of spacecraft formation flying with a directed communication topology and presents three different controllers. By introducing a novel error variable associated with rotation matrix, a decentralized attitude synchronization controller, which could obtain almost global asymptotical stability of the closed-loop system, is developed. Then, considering model uncertainties and unknown external disturbances, we propose a robust adaptive attitude synchronization controller by designing adaptive laws to estimate the unknown parameters. After that, the third controller is proposed by extending this method to the case of time-varying communication delays via Lyapunov–Krasovskii analysis. The distinctive feature of this work is to address attitude coordinated control with model uncertainties, unknown disturbances and time-varying delays in a decentralized framework, with a strongly connected directed information flow. It is shown that tracking and synchronization of an arbitrary desired attitude can be achieved when the stability condition is satisfied. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control schemes.     

基于反步法的挠性航天器姿态镇定

利用反步法研究了一类挠性航天器的姿态镇定问题,提出一种基于模态观测器的反步控制设计方案.首先,构造挠性模态观测器对挠性模态变量及其变化率进行观测;其次,将角速度看成虚拟控制器,设计虚拟角速度镇定运动学模型与挠性模态变量组成的子系统;最后,利用反步法设计了一种非线性控制器使得角速度能够跟踪虚拟角速度,从而实现姿态镇定的目...     

Backstepping design of missile guidance and control based on adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control

This paper presents an integrated missile guidance and control law based on adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control. The integrated model is formulated as a block-strict-feedback nonlinear system, in which modeling errors, unmodeled nonlinearities, target maneuvers, etc. are viewed as unknown uncertainties. The adaptive nonlinear control law is designed based on backstepping and sliding mode control techniques. An adaptive fuzzy system is adopted to approximate the coupling nonlinear functions of the system, and for the uncertainties, we utilize an online-adaptive control law to estimate the unknown parameters. The stability analysis of the closed-loop system is also conducted. Simulation results show that, with the application of the adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control, small miss distances and smooth missile trajectories are achieved, and the system is robust against system uncertainties and external disturbances.     

无轴承异步电机的自抗扰控制策略

针对无轴承异步电机(BLIM)的逆系统解耦控制性能受负载和参数变化影响的问题,在转子磁链定向逆系统解耦控制的基础上,采用自抗扰控制器(ADRC)替换经典的PID控制器,将BLIM模型中的交叉耦合项、本体参数变化和负载视为“扰动”,统一用ADRC的扩张状态观测器(ESO)估测,非线性状态误差反馈控制器(NLSEF)进行补偿。仿真结果表明:采用了ADRC,系统具有较好的动态解耦控制性能;同时,对电机参数和负载变化具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Event-triggered adaptive control for attitude tracking of spacecraft

Plug-and-play technology is an important direction for future development of spacecraft and how to design controllers with less communication burden and satisfactory performance is of great importance for plug-and-play spacecraft. Considering attitude tracking of such spacecraft with unknown inertial parameters and unknown disturbances, an event-triggered adaptive backstepping controller is designed in this paper. Particularly, a switching threshold strategy is employed to design the event-triggering mechanism. By introducing a new linear time-varying model, a smooth function, an integrable auxiliary signal and a bound estimation approach, the impacts of the network-induced error and the disturbances are effectively compensated for and Zeno phenomenon is successfully avoided. It is shown that all signals of the closed-loop system are globally uniformly bounded and both the attitude tracking error and the angular velocity tracking error converge to zero. Compared with conventional control schemes, the proposed scheme significantly reduces the communication burden while providing stable and accurate response for attitude maneuvers. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.