法拉第筒法校准丙氨酸对质子吸收剂量技术研究

从低能质子入手,采用基于法拉第筒的质子吸收剂量校准方法,满足空间辐射对质子吸收剂量的校准需求。建立了一套法拉第筒法对薄膜剂量计的质子吸收剂量校准系统,该系统由束斑观测单元、束流散射单元、束流监测单元、旋转靶室以及法拉第筒探测单元组成,同时开展了法拉第筒法对丙氨酸薄膜剂量计的质子吸收剂量校准技术研究。     

辐射变色薄膜剂量计性能测试及加速器应用

本课题的目的是建立用于辐射加工高剂量水平吸收剂量测量的辐射变色薄膜剂量计。通过系统研究,批量制备了以尼龙为基材,副品红氰化物为染料的辐射变色薄膜剂量计。为了验证批制辐射变色薄膜剂量测量的可靠性,选择了国际上应用较广的FWT-60膜及丙氨酸薄膜剂量计与本实验室批制的辐射变色薄膜开展实验室内剂量比对,比对结果均在±4%内符合,归一化偏差En绝对值均小于1。通过在加速器上进一步应用实验表明批制辐射变色薄膜可用于电子束辐照参数测量。     

辐射变色薄膜剂量计性能测试及加速器应用

本课题的目的是建立用于辐射加工高剂量水平吸收剂量测量的辐射变色薄膜剂量计。通过系统研究,批量制备了以尼龙为基材,副品红氰化物为染料的辐射变色薄膜剂量计。为了验证批制辐射变色薄膜剂量测量的可靠性,选择了国际上应用较广的FWT-60膜及丙氨酸薄膜剂量计与本实验室批制的辐射变色薄膜开展实验室内剂量比对,比对结果均在±4%内符合,归一化偏差En绝对值均小于1。通过在加速器上进一步应用实验表明批制辐射变色薄膜可用于电子束辐照参数测量。     

质子束布拉格峰测量

基于100 MeV回旋加速器质子束流，参考IAEA TRS-398号报告，开展质子束布拉格峰测量。基于水吸收剂量测量原理及影响因素，选择合适水箱尺寸及电离室型号。基于空腔理论，及质子与物质相互作用原理，利用PTW-30013指型电离室、MP3-P三维扫描水箱配合MEPHYSTO Navigator软件测量经石墨降能器扩展后的布拉格峰。测量同一实验条件下质子束百分深度剂量曲线，并利用软件对测量数据进行分析，将最高剂量作为归一点，得到该质子束流布拉格峰位、峰宽、实际射程、剩余射程及坪区高度等辐射质参数。该质子束布拉格峰宽约为1.21 mm,参考深度约为43.63 mm。     

太阳风质子束流密度的径向变化

利用Helios2飞船的数据,对太阳风速度分布中质子束流部分与整个质子的密度之比随日心距离的变化做了分析.为了排除碰撞因素的影响,有针对性地分析了太阳风高速流(600相似文献   

（20～400）MeV准单能中子参考辐射场的建立方法CSCD

为了满足对高能中子辐射场测量仪器进行校准的需要,必需建立20MeV以上的准单能中子参考辐射场.对国际上（20～400） MeV准单能中子参考辐射场的建立情况及建立方法进行了调研,可通过7Li（p,n）7Be反应获得该能区准单能中子场,中子束流轮廓可通过转换体和影像板进行测量,辐射场中子能谱可利用液体闪烁探测器或者238U裂变电离室通过飞行时间法进行测量,可建立高效率的反冲质子望远镜作为该能区的中子注量测量初级标准.     

等离子体密度对栅极系统束流影响分析

针对现有离子推力器栅极系统束流引出分析中未考虑放电室等离子体密度均匀性影响的不足,基于数值方法对该问题进行了研究。采用单元内粒子 （Particle In Cell,PIC） 方法对栅极系统束流引出进行了数值模拟。PIC方法中电场求解采用有限差分方法,离子加速方法采用跳蛙格式。以国产20cm Xe离子推力器作为算例,计算得到了栅极中心和边缘孔引出束流离子和电场的分布。结果显示栅极中心孔相对边缘孔束流聚焦性好,束流发散角小,但中心孔轴线的鞍点电势较边缘孔高24.8V。因此,放电室等离子体密度分布对束流引出具有重要影响,电子返流现象最先出现在栅极中心位置。     

卫星搭载样品宇宙辐射剂量测量

本工作利用LiF(Mg, Cu, P), 荧光玻璃剂量计和CR-39塑料核径迹探测器对卫星舱内6个搭载实验样品所接受的宇宙辐射剂量进行测量.剂量计均经过严格筛选和标定.通过理论计算, 把以mR单位标定数据变换为肌肉组织的吸收剂量, LiF和荧光玻璃的变换系数分别为0.995和0.93.测量的卫星舱内平均累积剂量为0.88mGy, 平均日剂量为0.11mGy.CR-39记录到许多带电粒子径迹.文中对本次测量结果同以前的测量进行了对比分析讨论.      

动态压力校准技术现状分析

动态压力校准技术是确保航天型号压力测试数据准确可靠、量值统一的关键。介绍了动态压力校准的 必要性和特殊性,分别从阶跃压力校准法、周期压力校准法以及脉冲压力校准法三个方面,系统总结了国内外动态 压力校准技术的研究现状,提出目前仍存在的问题并对未来动态压力校准技术的发展提出改进措施。     

100kHz~1MHz频率范围水听器灵敏度激光法校准及其验证

激光法校准水听器灵敏度是一种绝对校准方法,本文介绍了激光法水声声压校准装置的校准原理及主要系统构成,采用激光法对TC4034和BK8103水听器的灵敏度在100kHz~1MHz频率范围进行了校准实验研究,分析了激光法校准装置的测量不确定度,校准结果与三换能器互易法对校准结果进行了对比。结果表明两种校准方法的结果总体上是一致的,校准结果偏差小于两套装置的合成不确定度。本文对导致二者之间偏差的原因进行了分析。     

Analysis of the Cyclotron Facility calibration and aircraft dosimetry results from the LIULIN-3M instrument.

The LIULIN-3M instrument is a further development of the LIULIN dosimeter-radiometer, used on the MIR spacestation during the 1988-1994 time period. The LIULIN-3M is designed for continuous monitoring of the radiation environment during the BION-12 satellite flight in 1999. A semiconductor detector with 1 mm thickness and cm2 area is contained in the instrument. Pulse high analysis technique is used to determine the energy losses in the detector. The final data from the instrument are the flux and the dose rate for the exposure time and 256 channels of absorbed dose spectra based on the assumption that the particle flux is normal to the detector. The LIULIN-3M instrument was calibrated by proton fluxes with different energies at the Indiana University Cyclotron Facility in June 1997 and had been used for radiation measurements during commercial aircraft flights. The calibration procedure and some flight results are presented in this paper.     

The features of radiation dose variations onboard ISS and Mir space station: comparative study.

The dynamics of the ISS-measured radiation dose variations since August 2000 is studied. Use is made of the data obtained with the R-16 instrument, which consists of two ionization chambers behind different shielding thicknesses. The doses recorded during solar energetic particle (SEP) events are compared with the data obtained also by R-16 on Mir space station. The SEP events in the solar maximum of the current cycle make a much smaller contribution to the radiation dose compared with the October 1989 event recorded on Mir space station. In the latter event, the proton intensity was peaking during a strong magnetic storm. The storm-time effect of solar proton geomagnetic cutoff decreases on dose variations is estimated. The dose variations on Mir space stations due to formation of a new radiation belt of high-energy protons and electrons during a sudden commencement of March 24, 1991 storm are also studied. It was for the first time throughout the ISS and Mir dose measurement period that the counting rates recorded by both R-16 channels on ISS in 2001-2002 were nearly the same during some time intervals. This effect may arise from the decreases of relativistic electron fluxes in the outer radiation belt.     

Comparison of model predictions with LDEF satellite radiation measurements.

Some early results are summarized from a program under way to utilize LDEF satellite data for evaluating and improving current models of the space radiation environment in low Earth orbit. Reported here are predictions and comparisons with some of the LDEF dose and induced radioactivity data, which are used to check the accuracy of current models describing the magnitude and directionality of the trapped proton environment. Preliminary findings are that the environment models underestimate both dose and activation from trapped protons by a factor of about two, and the observed anisotropy is higher than predicted.     

Improved interpretation of solar wind ion measurements via high-resolution magnetic field data

The Wind   spacecraft’s Faraday cups (FC) continue to produce high-quality, in situ observations of thermal protons (i.e., ionized hydrogen) and α$\alpha$-particles (i.e., fully ionized helium) in the solar wind. By fitting a Wind/FC ion spectrum with a model velocity distribution function (VDF) for each particle species, values for density, bulk velocity, and temperature can be inferred. Incorporating measurements of the background magnetic field from the Wind Magnetic Field Investigation (MFI) allows perpendicular and parallel temperature components to be separated. Prior implementations of this analysis averaged the higher-cadence Wind/MFI measurements to match that of the Wind/FC ion spectra. However, this article summarizes recent and extensive revisions to the analysis software that, among other things, eliminate such averaging and thereby account for variations in the direction of the magnetic field over the time taken to measure the ions. A statistical comparison reveals that the old version consistently underestimates the temperature anisotropy of ion VDF’s: averaging over fluctuations in the magnetic field essentially blurs the perpendicular and parallel temperature components, which makes the plasma seem artificially more isotropic. The new version not only provides a more accurate dataset of ion parameters (which is well suited to the study of microkinetic phenomena), it also demonstrates a novel technique for jointly processing particle and field data. Such methods are crucial to heliophysics as wave-particle interactions are increasingly seen as playing an important role in the dynamics of the solar wind and similar space plasmas.     

基于自适应遗传算法的MEMS加速度计 快速标定方法

微惯性测量单元（MIMU）的标定技术是低精度惯性导航领域中的重要研究方向,传统标定方法操作复杂,标定精度严重依赖转台精度。为解决大批量MIMU快速标定的问题,提出了一种基于自适应遗传算法（GA）的微机电系统（MEMS）加速度计快速标定方法,将加速度计标定问题转化为参数优化问题。首先,利用模观测原理构造目标优化函数;然后,分析系统可观测度确定最优标定编排方案;最后,采用全局搜索的自适应遗传算法优化标定参数。实验结果表明:与牛顿迭代法相比,标定精度提升1~3个数量级,运算速度提高61%。标定后解算的水平姿态角误差小于0.1°,可实现与传统标定方法相同量级的姿态精度,验证了所提方法的优越性和实用性。      

基于有限元方法的场磨式电场传感器标定装置优化设计

场磨式电场传感器常被用来测量特高压直流(HVDC)输电线路下地面合成电场强度.传统对其标定的方法存在标定装置体积较大、户外标定移动不方便的缺点.针对此问题研究了一种应用于特高压直流输电线路下地面合成电场测量的电场传感器便携式缩尺标定装置.基于有限元方法建立了传感器的三维电场模型,基于该模型对便携式标定装置的尺寸、结构等关键参数做出了模拟分析,在此基础上进行了便携式标定装置的结构参数的优化设计.将便携式缩尺标定装置与标准的标定装置进行了实验比较.仿真及实验结果表明该标定装置能够方便、准确地对场磨式电场传感器进行标定.      

航空电子环境下FC网络的建模与仿真

机载网络是航空电子系统的重要部分.从航电系统对数据传输的需求出发,研究了光纤通道(FC,Fibre Channel)网络复杂混合拓扑的建模与仿真.在协议分析的基础上,将不同拓扑结构的网络抽象成终端与交换机模型的组合,并分别建模.基于离散事件系统仿真方法构建了适合航空电子环境的FC网络仿真平台,并提供网络吞吐量、延迟和实时性等性能指标的评价方法.仿真结果与实测数据相对比,误差小于10％,验证了模型的有效性.使用仿真模型进行案例分析,对机载FC网络做出性能评价.      

现场校准试验用便携式γ射线照射装置研制

固定式环境γ辐射剂量率监测仪表是承担环境连续监测任务的主要设备,这类仪表通常不便于拆卸和安装,而且送检周期较长（一周左右）,影响了连续监测点数据的连续性。为了固定式仪表的按期校准,结合蒙卡方法研制了便携式γ射线照射装置,利用PTW剂量计对辐射场进行标定,最后利用便携式照射装置对固定式环境γ辐射剂量率监测仪表进行现场校准实验。     

中性原子成像仪的定标测试

中性原子成像仪（NAIS-H）获取的高时空分辨率图像可为地球空间磁暴和亚暴过程的各类机制研究提供全景式的空间粒子分布数据,为磁层与电离层耦合、磁层能量耗散等MIT（磁层elax-elax电离层elax-elax热层耦合小卫星星座探测计划）科学研究任务提供重要的数据支撑.探测器的标定是研制过程的一个重要技术环节,是日后空间探测数据分析和反演基本依据.本文利用模拟信号源对中性原子成像仪原理样机的前端电子学系统进行了能谱定标,并利用电子加速器对标定的能谱进行了辐射测试验证.