RTM用炔基改性苯并噁嗪树脂工艺及力学性能

文摘为改善苯并噁嗪树脂对树脂传递模塑(RTM)成型工艺的适应性,并进一步提升苯丙噁嗪基复合材料的耐高温性能。提出利用炔基改性苯并噁嗪树脂,以提高树脂的交联密度,并改善树脂流变特性。结果表明:改性后的炔基苯并噁嗪树脂在81. 5℃时黏度低至805 mPa·s可满足RTM工艺灌注要求,在110℃其工艺窗口高达310 min。同时,炔基苯并噁嗪树脂的起始固化温度低至130℃,固化温度为167℃,后处理温度为208℃,满足低温固化要求。通过DMA与TGA分析,RTM成型低温固化苯并噁嗪/碳纤维复合材料的Tg为411℃,在N_2环境下800℃残留率高达88. 6%,表明其复合材料具有良好的耐高温性能。SEM观察发现该树脂与纤维界面粘结强度较高,碳纤维复合材料350℃拉伸性能保留率达99%以上,弯曲、层剪性能保留率达70%以上,压缩性能保留率也达60. 9%。     

硅橡胶/双酚A-苯胺型苯并噁嗪树脂耐烧蚀复合材料的制备与烧蚀结构的研究

苯并噁嗪树脂具有优异的成炭和抗高温氧化性能,是新一代的耐烧蚀树脂。以双酚A-苯胺型苯并噁嗪树脂为耐烧蚀树脂,采用1H-NMR、DSC和转矩流变仪研究其成环率和加工性能;以硅橡胶为耐烧蚀基体,采用熔融共混方法制备了硅橡胶苯并噁嗪树脂耐烧蚀复合材料。进行力学和氧乙炔焰烧蚀检测,利用FT-IR、Raman和SEM研究复合材料综合性能和烧蚀结构。结果表明:苯并噁嗪树脂能够明显提高硅橡胶复合材料的耐烧蚀性能,当树脂添加量为20份时,复合材料具有较好的耐烧蚀和力学性能;该复合材料经过氧乙炔焰烧蚀后,烧蚀层形成表面陶瓷层、裂解炭化层和基体层。表面陶瓷层主要由SiO_2,SiC和C组成,裂解炭化层的主要组由C,SiO_2,SiC以及炭化彻底的碳和炭化不完全的有机结构组成。     

纳米碳粉改性苯并噁嗪树脂性能研究

文摘为了适应苯并噁嗪树脂在高性能领域的应用,采用纳米碳粉对其进行了改性研究。结果表明,纳米碳粉对苯并噁嗪树脂的固化有催化作用,降低了苯并噁嗪树脂的固化特征温度,在一定程度上克服了苯并噁嗪树脂高温固化的不足;同时,纳米碳粉的加入,提高了苯并噁嗪树脂的弯曲性能与压缩性能,起到了增强增韧树脂的效果。     

国外耐高温聚合物基复合材料基体树脂研究与应用进展

综述了国外近年来在耐高温聚合物基复合材料基体树脂研究与应用领域内的最新进展情况.重点阐述了聚酰亚胺(PI)、双马来酰亚胺(BMI)、氰酸酯(CE)、苯并噁嗪(BX)以及氰基树脂的基础与应用研究现状.     

RTM成型石英/苯并噁嗪复合材料的孔隙率研究

采用RTM工艺制备石英/苯并噁嗪复合材料,研究了主要工艺参数对其孔隙率的影响,并和石英/钡酚醛复合材料进行了对比。结果表明,较之纯低压或纯高压的注射方式,先低压后高压的注射方式可显著降低孔隙率;注射温度对孔隙率有一定影响,较佳的注射温度应是树脂黏度达到100～500mPa.s时的温度;孔隙率随着纤维体积含量的增加而减小,而制件厚度对其影响不大。在给定的先1atm后4.5atm的注射压力,50%纤维体积含量,6mm制件厚度,钡酚醛和苯并噁嗪注射温度分别为62℃和96℃的条件下,石英/苯并噁嗪复合材料的孔隙率仅为0.32%,明显低于石英/钡酚醛的3.49%。     

RTM酚醛树脂研究进展

根据国内外酚醛树脂的研究现状，从树脂的合成、主要特征、工艺和性能等方面介绍了几种RTM酚醛树脂——酚三嗪树脂、苯并噁嗪树脂、双马改性酚醛树脂和PAA树脂，同时指出了各种树脂的优缺点。     

一种改性苯并噁嗪树脂及其玻璃布层压板

将二胺型苯并噁嗪(BOZ-M)与F-51环氧树脂和线性酚醛树脂共混,得到改性BOZ-M玻璃纤维增强层压复合材料基体树脂(BEP),并制备了相应的浇注体和E玻璃布层压板,采用DSC,DMA,TMA等手段考察其固化行为、尺寸稳定性及力学性能等,并采用SEM研究其浇注体断面形貌结构.结果表明,与BOZ-M相比,改性树脂BEP...     

适用于RTM成型的新型耐烧蚀苯并噁嗪树脂的研究

在低黏度的双环苯并噁嗪中间体（B-BOZ）中加入一种新型的多官能基单环苯并噁嗪（AS-BOZ）或一种交联剂（TPA）,复配制得了一种适用于BTM成型的新型耐烧蚀苯并噁嗪树脂,对树脂体系的黏度及固化物的热稳定性、力学性能、残碳率及碳的形貌进行了研究。结果表明，无论是AS-BOZ还是TPA的引入都使得双环苯并噁嗪体系黏度降低,同时提高体系的交联密度,使固化物的Tg和残碳率都大幅度提高.其中BA2-1固化物的Tg为250℃,800℃下氮气中残碳率为68%,质量烧蚀率为23.3 mg/s;BT2-1固化物的Tg为240℃,800℃下氮气中残碳率为70%，质量烧蚀率为20.1 mg/s,两体系高温下均能得到致密的碳层结构。     

苯并噁嗪杂化树脂及其复合材料的制备与性能

为提高苯并噁嗪(BZ)的热稳定性,通过BZ 与聚硅氮烷制备了一种苯并噁嗪杂化树脂(BZ-H),
并采用模压工艺制备了玻璃布/ BZ-H 复合材料。制备的BZ-H 树脂在70 ~170℃有较低的黏度和聚合温度、
较少的放热量及良好的固化工艺性。其固化物的Tg 为354. 7℃。在N2 气氛下,T5
d 为460℃,900℃ 的残重
(W900℃ )为75. 68%。在空气气氛下, T5
d 为466℃,W900℃ 为16. 39%。玻璃布/ BZ-H 复合材料在室温下的弯曲
强度、模量和层间剪切强度分别为433 MPa、22 GPa 和24 MPa,在350℃下的保留率分别为40%、68%和54%。
SEM 微观形貌观察表明,BZ-H 树脂与纤维间具有良好的粘接作用,该特征赋予了复合材料优良的力学性能。     

新型聚苯并噁嗪改性树脂的制备与性能

通过预聚反应制备了一种新型聚苯并噁嗪改性树脂.利用FTIR、GPC表征了改性树脂.利用旋转黏度计、DSC、DMA和TGA分别考察了树脂的流动性能、固化行为和改性树脂固化物的热性能.结果表明:制备的苯并噁嗪改性树脂在60～ 100℃,黏度小于500 mPa·s,恒温6h黏度不明显增大,具有良好的流动性能,适用于RTM成型工艺.改性树脂聚合温度较低,具有良好的固化工艺性.改性树脂固化物在氮气气氛下Td5在430℃以上,在900℃的残重高达73.71％,Ts为353.4℃,具有良好热性能.     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.