金属橡胶用Cr-Ni-Mn系不锈钢丝的微观组织及力学性能研究

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线相定量分析等技术,研究了制备金属橡胶构件用冷变形量分别为36%,64%,84%和91%所得的直径0.4mm,0.3mm,0.2和0.15mm的Cr-Ni-Mn系不锈钢丝的微组织结构和力学性能的变化规律.结果表明,冷拔钢丝中出现了形变马氏体,冷变形量为36%时的马氏体含量已达81.2%,即用于制作金属橡胶构件时奥氏体不锈钢已实际处于以马氏体为主的高强度状态,而非奥氏体状态,且马氏体数量随冷拔变形量有增大趋势;钢丝内部出现平行于拉拔方向的拉长孔洞,其体积分数随冷拔变形量的增大而增加.同时,在所用冷拔变形量条件下,不锈钢微丝的抗拉强度高达1406～2244MPa,延伸率则在13.0%～8.9%范围内变化.从而可以判断,采用上述微丝制作的金属橡胶将是以马氏体相之为主且具有微观和宏观尺度双重尺寸孔洞(孔隙)的多孔金属材料.     

40CrMnSiMoVA钢中准贝氏体组织的疲劳强度和疲劳缺口敏感性

 本文研究了超高强度40CrMnSiMoVA钢中准贝氏体组织和马氏体组织的疲劳强度。与马氏体组织相比,由贝氏体铁素体和残余奥氏体组成的准贝氏体组织,其光滑及缺口疲劳强度均较高。准贝氏体组织虽具有较低的强度,但因其中较多的残余奥氏体,结果并不损害其疲劳强度。由于该组织具有良好的强度、塑性、韧性配合,使其疲劳缺口敏感性较低。拉伸超载同时提高准贝氏体和马氏体组织的缺口疲劳强度。     

等温淬火的40CrMnSiVA钢微观组织与性能

本文研究了40CrMnSiMoVA(GC-4)钢不同等温状态的微观组织与力学性能的关系。研究结果表明:300℃等温状态的微观组织为不同形态的贝氏体、马氏体和残余奥氏体所组成的复合组织,其中的变念贝氏体改善了钢的强韧性及抗疲劳断裂性能,对提高飞机的安全可靠性具有重要的实际意义。     

Q-P工艺下超高强度300M钢的单轴拉伸规律研究

将Q-P工艺应用于300M钢,得到300M钢的单轴拉伸曲线,对拉伸各阶段规律进行分析,并采用TEM、SEM和XRD等方法,研究了Q-P工艺对300M钢性能和组织的影响。结果表明:与传统工艺相比,Q-P工艺下超高强度300M钢的强度大幅降低,弹性变形能E e降低,均匀塑性变形能E p和裂纹形成能E e+E p则大幅提高;残余奥氏体含量可提高至15.62%,并以薄膜状存在于板条间或以小块状存在于原奥氏体晶界、板条束界;其相组成为先形成的板条状马氏体+新鲜马氏体+残余奥氏体+ε-碳化物。Q-P工艺明显提高了300M钢抗裂纹形成和扩展的能力,延长了材料的均匀塑形变形阶段,推迟缩颈发生。     

残余奥氏体及其射线测量法

.4 影响强度测量精度和准确性的因素 若最终的衍射花样和强度测量满足下列条件的话,X射线衍射法测得的残余奥氏体可得到相当满意的精度和准确性。它们是:(1)每条马氏体和奥氏体的hkl线都有高的衍射强度,(2)高的峰背比(P/B),(3)各条(hkl)线之间分得足够开并有足够分辨率,(4)重叠碳化物衍射线的干涉最小,(5)整个2θ扫描范围内有低而     

渗碳钢齿轮中的残余奥氏体

渗碳钢齿轮中的残余奥氏体美通用汽车公司完成的几项试验表明，ＡＩＳＩ８６２０钢和４６２０钢含２０％一３０％残余奥氏体、３３１０钢内残余奥氏体含量达４０％时，可以明显的提高拉伸弯曲性能。在Ｆｅ一５Ｃｒ１．１２Ｃ钢中，当马氏体的百分含量超过７０％时，产生显...     

马氏体时效钢C300焊缝金属强韧化研究

在回顾马氏体时效钢焊接研究现状的基础上,针对我国最新研制的C300钢,从时效处理、合金元素和热输入对TIG焊接焊缝金属强度和韧性的影响展开系统研究,得出了这些因素对基体马氏体组织、逆转变奥氏体、金属间化合物析出相等的演变及对强度和断裂韧性的影响规律,将为我国C300的工业化焊接提供重要的技术指导。     

几项镀层国际标准工作草案介绍(续)

三、在宇航系统σ_b≤1450MP_a的钢零件、铜和铜合金零件上的镀镉 1. 应用范围 非耐蚀钢零件的抗蚀。 耐蚀钢(铁素体、马氏体或奥氏体)以及铜和铜合金与其它金属产生的接触腐蚀(耐蚀钢镀镉前应先予镀镍)。为了提高铜和铜合金     

残余奥氏体及其X射线测量法

1.1 残余奥氏体的形成 奥氏体是面心立方相,在可淬火钢中,它在ACs和ACm相界以上的温度时是稳定的,但在这些温度以下则是不稳定的。从稳定的奥氏体区进行冷却时,它可能分解或转变为几种组成物之一,其类型取决于三个因素:(1)化学成份,就是淬火时固熔体中的合金元素和碳含量(若未溶解的碳化物或其它组成物跟奥氏体共存,这可能和基本成份不同),(2)     

304奥氏体不锈钢喷丸引起的组织转变和两相残余应力测定

采用X射线衍射技术研究了304奥氏体不锈钢喷丸过程所引起的组织结构变化以及两相组织中每相的残余应力。试验结果表明,喷丸强化可使亚稳态304奥氏体材料表面发生γ→α转变,在相同的喷丸强度下转变量与喷丸弹丸种类规格关系很大,而且与喷丸时间有关;表面两相组织γ和α相各自的残余应力可采用X射线衍射应力仪进行测定,两相的残余应力数值相差很大。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.