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1.
月尘/月壤环境效应地面模拟方法研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2  
月壤/月尘会附着并污染航天器、月球车的表面,如果不及时清除,还会进一步诱发部件过热、机械机构卡死、密封失效、材料磨损等一系列问题.本文综述了关于月尘特性、月尘与航天器系统的互相作用机理、月尘环境模拟方法等方面的研究成果,提出了一种小型月尘环境模拟系统的设计方案.该系统将使关于月尘特性的实验研究成为可能,并可作为登月飞船及月球车材料选择、机械机构可靠性试验、除尘策略试验的平台.  相似文献   

2.
月尘的静电悬浮和迁移是Apollo时期留下的最有争议的问题之一. 其既是研 究月球表面物质演化历史的重要线索, 也是探月工程必须考虑的重要因素. 月尘在月表环境下易因电子附着、光电效应、二次电子发射等过程带电, 并 在月球全球性静电场作用下发生迁移运动. 但目前对月尘静电迁移过程的认 识还不全面, 其主要原因在于对月尘静电特性的了解不够准确, 对静电迁移 过程的地面模拟不够充分以及对月球尘埃环境的探测较为缺乏. 未来需进一 步开展模拟月尘的研制, 月尘静电特性的分析, 静电迁移过程模拟以及尘埃 环境的探测等工作.  相似文献   

3.
航天员在轨道飞行时,由于失重因素,产生了一系列生理、病理变化,出现了空间运动病、心血管和水盐代谢紊乱、骨质脱钙、肌肉萎缩等机能紊乱和失调。这些变化或多或少地影响了航天员的健康和工作,及返回地球的再适应能力,并可能成为长时间航天飞行的主要障碍。因此,了解失重对人体的影响、生理机能失调的机制及采取有效的防护措施是十分必要的。但是在航天飞行中航天员的人数有限,且任务繁忙不能进行大量的生理实验和测试。加之,飞行中的实验  相似文献   

4.
星间链路天线的相对姿态模拟为星间链路的测试验证提供近真实的动态姿态环境,是星间链路系统地面测试的重要组成部分。建立多个坐标系统将两颗卫星天线的位置和姿态联系起来,利用卫星星历将天线的相对姿态表示为一颗卫星天线在另一颗卫星天线坐标系中的方向向量,利用两个二轴转台实现此方向向量,最终通过控制转台的转角模拟卫星天线的相对姿态变化。同时计算天线波束的方向,分析了两颗卫星的可见性。天线相对姿态的模拟为星间链路的建立和保持提供动态测试环境。  相似文献   

5.
星敏感器光谱探测能力用地面模拟测试系统设计   总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
为实现对星敏感器光谱探测能力的测试和标定, 研制了一套可模拟恒星光谱的地面标定系统, 要求其光谱模拟精度优于10%. 采用光谱分布可控、光强可调的模拟照明系统作为地面标定系统的核心器件来模拟恒星光谱变化, 设计高成像质量准直光学系统使模拟星图成平行光出射, 在光学系统出瞳处产生星图, 完成具有恒星光谱信息的高精度星图模拟. 进而利用Lighttools建立标定系统的光谱仿真模型, 仿真结果表明恒星光谱模拟精度优于10%.  相似文献   

6.
中国深空测控系统建设与技术发展   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
我国深空测控系统是伴随着探月工程“绕”“落”“回”三步走战略的实施,从突破关键技术、初步建成系统到系统完善,逐步建立起来的,火星探测工程的实施将进一步带动深空测控系统能力的建设。站在历史的视角,从顶层设计、关键技术攻关和系统建设等方面,回顾了我国深空测控系统从无到有的发展历程,并结合未来深空测控技术的发展,对我国深空测控系统的发展前景进行了展望。  相似文献   

7.
推进剂在轨加注流体传输过程的数值模拟和地面试验研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
针对排气式在轨加注方法,对航天器在轨加注过程的流体传输行为进行数值模拟和地面试验研究.采用VOF两相流动模型数值模拟板式表面张力贮箱加注过程的流动特性,得到加注过程的流动规律.地面演示试验使用地面模拟加注系统,对排气式加注的全过程进行地面演示验证.数值模拟和地面演示试验结果表明.排气式在轨加注方法是可行的.  相似文献   

8.
翼型波浪水面巡航地面效应数值模拟   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
数值求解非定常不可压缩流动的雷诺平均N-S(Navier-Stokes)方程和标准k-ε湍流模型,用VOR(Volume Of Fluid)方法模拟波浪水面,模拟了NACA2410翼型在波浪水面上方飞行的流场.研究了余弦波浪水面的生成方法,选取合适的计算网格和时间步长,避免了在生成规则余弦波浪水面时由于数值耗散使波面形状衰减.比较了固壁波浪与水面波浪计算结果的差异,发现固壁波浪的结果更接近余弦曲线分布.研究了波浪等级对翼型气动性能的影响,分析计算结果发现:在规则的余弦水面波浪上方飞行,翼型气动力呈现周期性,给出了一个周期内气动力的变化过程,以及波长和波幅对气动力平均值和波动幅度的影响规律.   相似文献   

9.
□□进入21世纪以来,美国、欧洲航天局、日本、中国、印度和俄罗斯等国家和组织都纷纷制定了各具特色的探月计划,有的甚至已经实施并大获成功.2003年9月27日,欧洲航天局成功发射了其第1个月球探测器--斯玛特-1(SMART-1),拉开了全球第2次探月高潮的序幕.斯玛特-1在太空飞行3年后,于2006年9月3日在地面控制人员的控制下准确地撞击了月球,对全球探月产生了巨大影响,起到了"开门红"的作用,更加激发了人类的探月热情.  相似文献   

10.
我国探月工程技术发展综述   总被引:4,自引:8,他引:4       下载免费PDF全文
我国的探月工程,在2020年前分“绕、落、回”三步实施。本文以我国探月工程各次任务为脉络,针对目前已经完成的“嫦娥1号”“嫦娥2号”“嫦娥3号”及“嫦娥5号”高速再入试验任务,简述了工程和科学目标,介绍了实施效果,总结了主要技术成就。在此基础上,展望了探月工程未来的发展趋势,给出了月球后续任务的总体思路和框架。  相似文献   

11.
         下载免费PDF全文
China has carried out four unmanned missions to the Moon since it launched Chang'E-1, the first lunar orbiter in 2007. With the implementation of the Chang'E-5 mission this year, the three phases of the lunar exploration program, namely orbiting, landing and returning, have been completed. In the plan of follow-up unmanned lunar exploration missions, it is planned to establish an experimental lunar research station at the lunar south pole by 2030 through the implementation of several missions, laying a foundation for the establishment of practical lunar research station in the future. China successfully launched its first Mars probe on 23 July 2020, followed in future by an asteroid mission, second Mars mission, and a mission to explore Jupiter and its moons.  相似文献   

12.
月球表面元素含量的定量分析方法   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
综述了月球元素定量研究在探测手段和定量方法等方面取得的最新进展.在探测手段方面,介绍了美国最近发射的克莱门汀和月球勘探者探测器使用的多谱段成像仪、中子探测仪以及γ谱仪的主要性能.在定量方法方面,讨论Fe、Ti以及稀土元素等在定量方法上的进展.  相似文献   

13.
    
An analytic model for the motion of a positively charged lunar dust grain in the presence of a shadowed crater at a negative potential in vacuum is presented. It is shown that the dust grain executes oscillatory trajectories, and an expression is derived for the period of oscillation. Simulations used to verify the analytic expression also show that because the trajectories are unstable, dust grains are either ejected from the crater’s vicinity or deposited into the crater forming “dust ponds.” The model also applies to other airless bodies in the solar system, such as asteroids, and predicts that under certain conditions, particularly near lunar sunset, oscillating dust “canopies” or “swarms” will form over negatively charged craters.  相似文献   

14.
  总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
The current lunar exploration has changed from a single scientific exploration to science and resource utilization. On the basis of the previous lunar exploration, Chinese scientists and technical experts have proposed an overall plan to preliminarily build a lunar research station on the lunar South Pole by several missions before 2035, exploring of the moon, as well as the use of lunar platforms and in-site utilization of resources. In addition, China will also explore Mars, asteroids and Jupiter and its moons. This paper briefly introduces the ideas of Chinese scientists and technical experts on the lunar and deep space exploration.  相似文献   

15.
    
One of the highest-priority issues for a future human or robotic lunar exploration is the lunar dust. This problem should be studied in depth in order to develop an environment model for a future lunar exploration. A future ESA lunar lander mission requires the measurement of dust transport phenomena above the lunar surface. Here, we describe an instrument design concept to measure slow and fast moving charged lunar dust which is based on the principle of charge induction. LDX has a low mass and measures the speed and trajectory of individual dust particles with sizes below one micrometer. Furthermore, LDX has an impact ionization target to monitor the interplanetary dust background. The sensor consists of three planes of segmented grid electrodes and each electrode is connected to an individual charge sensitive amplifier. Numerical signals were computed using the Coulomb software package. The LDX sensitive area is approximately 400 cm2. Our simulations reveal trajectory uncertainties of better than 2° with an absolute position accuracy of better than 2 mm.  相似文献   

16.
In accordance with its charter, the International Lunar Exploration Working Group (ILEWG) reports to COSPAR, and a summary was given at the Beijing COSPAR 2006 Assembly on ILEWG activities conducted since the previous COSPAR 2004 assembly held in Paris. This included reports from the 6th and 7th ILEWG International Conference on Exploration and Utilization of the Moon, held respectively in Udaipur, India on 22–26 November 2004 (ICEUM6) and in Toronto, Canada on 18–23 September 2005 (ICEUM7). We give in this issue of Advances in Space Research the “lunar declarations” from these ICEUM conferences, as well as for the ICEUM8 conference held in Beijing immediately after the 2006 COSPAR Assembly. One year after the COSPAR Beijing assembly, the 9th ILEWG International Conference on Exploration and Utilization of the Moon (ICEUM9), was held in Sorrento, Italy on 18–23 September 2007. We report also in this issue the “Sorrento Lunar Declaration” in advance of the ILEWG formal report to be given at the COSPAR Assembly to be held in Montreal, Canada in July 2008.  相似文献   

17.
The upcoming fleet of lunar missions, and the announcement of new lunar exploration initiatives, show an exciting “Journey to the Moon”, covering recent results, science, future robotic and human exploration. We review some of the questions, findings and perspectives given in the papers included in this issue of Advances in Space Research.  相似文献   

18.
The Japanese lunar mission SELENE: Science goals and present status   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The Japanese lunar mission SELENE (SELenological and ENgineering Explorer) has been in development to target launch scheduled 2007 summer by H-IIA rocket. The SELENE is starting final integration test after SAR (System Acceptance Review), SRR (System Reliability Review) and instrument environment test. The SELENE is a remote-sensing mission orbiting 100 km altitude of the Moon for nominal one year and extended some months to collect the data for studying the origin and evolution of the Moon. Fourteen instruments and experiment systems are preparing for studies of the Moon, in the Moon, and from the Moon; global element and mineral compositions, topological structure, gravity field of whole moon, and electromagnetic and particle environment of the Moon. The new data center SOAC (SELENE Operation and data Analysis Center) are completed to construct in JAXA Sagamihara campus, and end-to-end test will be carried out between SOAC and data downlink stations.  相似文献   

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