Independent validation and verification of the TCAS II collisionavoidance subsystem

This paper describes the specification-based testing, analysis tools, and associated processes used to independently validate, verify, and ultimately, provide for certifying safety-critical software developed for the Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS II) program. These tools and processes comprise an effective and Independent Validation and Verification (IV and V) activity applied to the Collision Avoidance Subsystem (GAS) software development process. A requirements specification language called the Requirements State Machine Language (RSML), originally developed by the University of California, Irvine (UCI), was employed for the specification of GAS. The end result is the next generation of TCAS II collision avoidance logic, referred to as Version 7, that is of a higher quality than its predecessors, meets the certification requirements of DO-178B Level B (Ref. 1), and can be shown to satisfy the new operational requirements it was developed to address     

微波着陆地面设备维护计算机软件系统研究

维护计算机是微波着陆系统（MIS）地面设备的重要附属设备。针对微波着陆系统地面设备维护计算机的具体需求,详细分析了微波着陆系统地面设备维护计算机与相关台站的信息交互关系,介绍了维护计算机软件模块组成、通信协议、实现流程及实现的主要关键技术。该软件已成功运行于某微波着陆系统中。     

面向流场计算的并行计算机结构研究

分析了流场计算的基本特点 ;提出了用于流场计算的、基于 Transputer的动态星形立方体 ( DSC)结构。证明对于流场计算 ,采用 DSC结构在一定程度上优于目前常用的超立方体和超环两种结构。其优点是 :通信算法简单 ;系统扩充方便 ;全局性通信性能好。最后以实例说明了DSC结构在流场计算中的应用     

Microwave Landing System

The National Microwave Landing Systems (MLS) program is a joint DOT/DOD/NASA effort to implement a common civil/military precision landing system to replace the current Instrument Landing System (ILS). The MLS will be capable of providing precision landing guidance down to Category III minimum while allowing for complex approach paths in both the horizontal and vertical planes. The system is based on the Time Reference Scanning Beam (TRSB) technique which was selected by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) in April 1978 as the new international landing system standard. MLS is less susceptible to interference from the surrounding area and provides a greater signal coverage area than ILS.     

CORBA规范及其技术核心

CORBA(通用对象请求代理结构)规范被称为是面向21世纪的软件总线.已成为流行的分布对象计算规范.CORBA规范的内容很丰富,本文着重从整体上把握CORBA的体系结构和核心内容.基于对CORBA的发展和技术特色的介绍,本文详细讨论了OMA(对象管理体系结构)模型、ORB系统组成和ORB运行过程.     

适用于空间通信的LDPC码GPU高速译码架构

鉴于目前空间通信对高速、可重配置信道译码器的需求,利用图形处理器(GPU)的并行化运算特点,提出了一种低密度奇偶校验(LDPC)码软件高速译码架构。通过优化Turbo消息传递译码(TDMP)算法节点更新运算线程块内和块间并行度、减少非规则行重造成的线程分支、降低线程对节点更新信息存储资源的访问延时以及合理量化译码器存储信息来提升译码内核函数的执行效率。并在此基础上引入异步统一计算设备构架(CUDA)流处理机制,设计优化的译码器输入输出数据传输和内核函数之间的执行调度方式以及CUDA流上的译码线程资源配置方式,最大化译码吞吐率的同时降低译码延时。在Nvidia最新的Tesla K20和GTX980平台上对国际空间数据系统咨询委员会(CCSDS)遥测标准LDPC码进行的TDMP译码实验结果表明,本架构进行10次迭代译码的吞吐率最高可达约500 Mbps,平均译码延时约为2ms左右。与现有结果相比,本架构在保持软件架构配置灵活性的同时更加有效的兼顾了译码吞吐率和延时性能。     

RNP运行对机载飞行管理系统功能性影响分析

通过对RNP运行规范进行剖析、梳理其对飞行管理系统提出的功能需求，在保持飞行管理系统功能框架的前提下，将需求分配至可执行的子功能模块。随后对所涉关键技术进行研究，为RNP导航的机载实现奠定基础。     

A parallel square-root algorithm for modified extended Kalmanfilter

A parallel square-root algorithm and its systolic array implementation are proposed for performing modified extended Kalman filtering (MEKF). The proposed parallel square-root algorithm is designed based on the singular value decomposition (SVD) and the Faddeev algorithm, and a very large scale integration (VLSI) systolic array architecture is developed for its implementation. Compared to other square root Kalman filtering algorithms, the proposed method is more numerically stable. The VLSI architecture described has good parallel and pipelining characteristics in applying to the MEKF and achieves higher efficiency. For n-dimensional state vector estimations, the proposed architecture consists of O(2n²) processing elements and uses O ((s+17)n) time-steps for a complete iteration at each instant, in contrast to the complexity of O((s+6) n³) time-steps for a sequential implementation, where s≈log n     

An efficient SAR parallel processor

A parallel architecture especially designed for a synthetic-aperture-radar (SAR) processing algorithm based on an appropriate two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (FFT) code is presented. The algorithm is briefly summarized, and the FFT code is given for the one-dimensional case, although all results can be immediately generalized to the double FFT. The computer architecture, which consists of a toroidal net with transputers on each node, is described. Parametric expressions for the computational time of the net versus the number of nodes are derived. The architecture allows drastic reduction of the processing time, preserving elaboration accuracy and flexibility     

社会化商业情境下UGC对品牌态度的影响述评

以互动参与及粉丝经济为典型特征的社会化商业时代,传统媒介已不足以支撑企业品牌的构建与发展;社会化平台用户产生内容（UGC）会直接影响品牌的可信度及消费者购买决策.通过对国内外文献的回顾,梳理了UGC对品牌态度的驱动因素,并从正反两方面探索了UGC对品牌态度产生的积极影响与消极效应,旨在为网络零售业在社会化商业模式下的品牌传播提供营销启示与参考.     

一种基于AADL的航空电子系统仿真和验证技术

飞机系统集成化程度的提高增加了对航空电子系统设计和分析的难度,同时也对安全性需求等系统特性的验证提出了更高的技术要求。对基于结构化分析和设计语言(AADL)的系统建模和仿真流程及相应的评估分析能力进行了介绍,并在基于AADL的航空电子系统建模框架下,提出基于AADL的航空电子系统仿真评估和验证方法,利用结构化分析和设计语言AADL构建航空电子系统典型子系统的正常模型和错误模型,并以此建立系统的扩展模型。在此基础上,利用形式化方法对系统模型进行描述并转化为Kripke结构。最后对系统模型进行模型仿真和特性验证,验证所构建的系统架构和设计逻辑是否符合系统设计特性需求。     

动态负载平衡的二维非结构网格DSMC并行算法研究

基于PC-CLUSTER群机并行体系结构与消息传递库MPI并行环境,研究了二维非结构网格DSMC并行算法。提出一类非结构网格动态分区策略,保证各子区域的分子数量大致相等,实现计算进程间的动态负载平衡。利用MPI库函数构造了符合DSMC并行原理的单步通讯法。采用单控制多数据流(SPMD)以及Master/Slave并行模式,设计了二维非结构网格DSMC整体并行算法。在程序的编制过程中,充分展现了Fortran90高级语言的主要特性,引人动态数组、指针、链表及派生类型数据。最后对过渡流域高超声速绕流进行了并行计算,数值试验的结果表明本文设计的并行算法可以取得较为理想的加速比。     

服务化多工艺设计研究

提出了服务化的多工艺设计方法。建立了基于过程规范语言的完整多工艺信息模型,提供统一的工艺数据访问服务和工艺业务服务调用。最后,给出了服务化多工艺设计平台体系结构,采用开源的面向服务架构技术进行了系统实现。     

Organic Ices in Titan’s Stratosphere

Titan’s stratospheric ice clouds are by far the most complex of any observed in the solar system, with over a dozen organic vapors condensing out to form a suite of pure and co-condensed ices, typically observed at high winter polar latitudes. Once these stratospheric ices are formed, they will diffuse throughout Titan’s lower atmosphere and most will eventually precipitate to the surface, where they are expected to contribute to Titan’s regolith.Early and important contributions were first made by the InfraRed Interferometer Spectrometer (IRIS) on Voyager 1, followed by notable contributions from IRIS’ successor, the Cassini Composite InfraRed Spectrometer (CIRS), and to a lesser extent, from Cassini’s Visible and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) and the Imaging Science Subsystem (ISS) instruments. All three remote sensing instruments made new ice cloud discoveries, combined with monitoring the seasonal behaviors and time evolution throughout Cassini’s 13-year mission tenure.A significant advance by CIRS was the realization that co-condensing chemical compounds can account for many of the CIRS-observed stratospheric ice cloud spectral features, especially for some that were previously puzzling, even though some of the observed spectral features are still not well understood. Relevant laboratory transmission spectroscopy efforts began just after the Voyager encounters, and have accelerated in the last few years due to new experimental efforts aimed at simulating co-condensed ices in Titan’s stratosphere. This review details the current state of knowledge regarding the organic ice clouds in Titan’s stratosphere, with perspectives from both observational and experimental standpoints.     

一种宽带高速跳频载波频综结构的设计

将DDS（直接数字合成）与PLL（锁相环）频率合成技术相结合,采用多环并列流水线结构,设计出混合扩/跳频系统的载波频率综合单元。利用DDS技术可实现频率分辨率高、转换时间快等要求,利用PLL技术可实现杂散抑制性能高、扩展宽带等要求,并采用多环并列硬件结构保证了系统的跳变速度和宽频带指标。经闭环测试平台的测试,系统达到350～1800MHz带宽可变,频率跳变速度10 000跳/s可变,杂散抑制优于-80dBc。文章首先给出详细的硬件设计方案及其实现,同时理论分析了个各项指标的优化,最后给出闭环测试平台的搭建以及最终测试结果。     

面向多旋翼重载无人机均流技术优化研究CSCD

多旋翼重载无人机的应用需要大功率的无刷直流电机为其提供升力。金属-氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(MOSFET)和绝缘栅双极型晶体管(IGBT)等开关器件可以通过并联提供更大的电流容量,以满足大功率的需求。然而,由于杂散电感、器件特性的变化和印制电路板(PCB)布局的不对称等原因,并联开关器件将出现不平衡电流,这可能会对系统造成损坏。为解决此问题,使用Multisim软件搭建仿真电路,测量2个并联MOSFET之间的电流,分析不平衡电流产生的具体原因,并提出了一种采用栅极串联均流电阻联合耦合电感的MOSFET并联电流均衡方法,最后通过仿真和实验验证了该方法的可行性。与串联均流电阻法和耦合电感法相比,此方法能使导通电流保持均衡,更好地提高系统的可靠性。     

AE9, AP9 and SPM: New Models for Specifying the Trapped Energetic Particle and Space Plasma Environment

The radiation belts and plasma in the Earth’s magnetosphere pose hazards to satellite systems which restrict design and orbit options with a resultant impact on mission performance and cost. For decades the standard space environment specification used for spacecraft design has been provided by the NASA AE8 and AP8 trapped radiation belt models. There are well-known limitations on their performance, however, and the need for a new trapped radiation and plasma model has been recognized by the engineering community for some time. To address this challenge a new set of models, denoted AE9/AP9/SPM, for energetic electrons, energetic protons and space plasma has been developed. The new models offer significant improvements including more detailed spatial resolution and the quantification of uncertainty due to both space weather and instrument errors. Fundamental to the model design, construction and operation are a number of new data sets and a novel statistical approach which captures first order temporal and spatial correlations allowing for the Monte-Carlo estimation of flux thresholds for user-specified percentile levels (e.g., 50th and 95th) over the course of the mission. An overview of the model architecture, data reduction methods, statistics algorithms, user application and initial validation is presented in this paper.     

基于 FPGA 的 DVI 视频接收器设计

针对目前 DVI 视频传输的大规模应用,给出了一个符合 DVI1.0规范的基于 Xilinx Virtex-5 FPGA的 DVI视频接收器的实现方法.该方法利用简单的电阻电容和 FPGA内置数字控制阻抗(DCI)功能来实现TMDS电平的转换,利用 FPGA 内置的 DDR 和 ISERDES 实现 DVI 数据的串并转换,利用 FPGA 内置时钟资源实现时钟恢复和相位调整,最后经过逻辑解码,输出并行带同步信号的视频数据     

导航计算机测试软件的架构设计

为解决多种型号被测产品、在不同测试设备上的测试软件开发的问题，尽可能地缩短开发和调试时间，并确保软件的开发质量，提出了一种针对导航计算机测试这一特定领域，以提高扩展性和重用性为目标的软件架构。该架构提供了统一的测试软件设计和开发方法，规范了软件的实现过程，为测试软件的开发提供了一致性的解决方案。采用组件化的开发方法，将具有复用价值的内容封装为组件，为测试软件开发和运行提供了共享的基础平台；提供了开放式的体系结构，规定了内部的组织结构、组件类别与职责、接口规范、交互方式、组件开发方法，便于软件的扩展和修改。经过工程项目的验证，该架构满足在各种专用测试设备上、针对不同型号被测产品的测试软件快速、高质量开发的需要。