储存后的乳液丁羧胶对推进剂老化性能的影响

通过储存五年多的乳液丁羧胶合成的推进剂与新生产的乳液丁羧胶用同一配方合成的推进剂在同等的环境条件下同时进行加速老化对比试验,结果是常温最大强度σ_m、最大强度时的延伸率ε_m、断裂延伸率ε_b和断裂功W_b的变化不同,并且在50℃加速老化的情况下,以同样规律随老化时间变化。     

丁羟推进剂新型偶联剂

阐述了丁羟推进剂高温偶联剂选择原则.评定了四类九种偶联剂,指出硼化合物具有提高高温力学性能的优异功能.尤其是硼酸酯化合物5527,能大幅度提高高温力学性能,是优异的丁羟推进剂新型偶联剂.     

宽使用温度范围的丁羟高燃速推进剂配方研究

研究了细AP含量、增塑剂癸二酸二异辛酯（DOS）含量和键合剂LW1等因素对HTPB／IPDI高燃烧推进剂－55℃低温力学性能的影响，获得了一个使用范围广（－55℃－＋70℃）、综合性能优良的丁羟高燃速推进剂配方。该推进剂除具有能量高、燃速高等特点外，还有优良的力学性能。70℃最大抗拉强度（σm）蒺、MPa,25℃,70℃最大伸长率（εm）大于45％，－55℃时的伸长率大于30％。     

贮存温度对丁羟推进剂老化性能影响的研究

本文研究了贮存温度对丁羟推进剂老化性能的影响.实验是在空气中进行的,老化性能以推进剂强度、伸长率、硬度和失重%等参数为判据.实验结果表明:在同一贮存温度下,随着老化时间的延长,推进剂的强度增加,伸长率降低,硬度增加,失重%亦有所增长.提高贮存温度的影响是加速了这些性能的变化.根据伸长率的数据,表明在本文给定的贮存温度下,老化反应机理是相似的.本文还以Arr-henius图求得表观活化能为49.6kJ/mol,并进而用公式求得25℃下推进剂应变保留值(ε/ε_o)与贮存安全期的关系图.     

纳米碳酸盐对复合固体推进剂燃烧性能的影响

研究了纳米碳酸盐对丁羟三组元、丁羟四组元、低燃速NEPE推进剂燃烧性能的影响。结果表明:纳米碳酸盐使丁羟三组元推进剂在高压(10～18MPa)和低压(4～10MPa)段的压强指数降低到0.2以下,同时使燃速明显降低;使丁羟四组元推进剂在高压段(10～18MPa)的压强指数降低到0.26左右;使低燃速NEPE推进剂的的压强指数(4～9MPa)从0.77左右降至0.55以下。从研究结果可以看出,添加该纳米碳酸盐是降低复合推进剂压强指数行之有效的途径。     

复合固体推进剂的高能化

本文评述了国外固体推进剂近年来向高能化方向发展的三个主要动向:HTPB推进剂的高固体及硝胺化;丁羟之后的新品种——NEPE推进剂;Be、B、叠氮化物等高能组分的研究等.对我国固体推进剂的发展方向提出了建议.     

POM对无烟XLDB推进剂热行为和燃烧性能的影响

为了分析POM(共聚甲醛)降低无烟XLDB推进剂在1～5MPa内燃速的原因,分别测量和分析了含和不含POM的推进剂样品的PDSC(高压热分解)特征量,燃烧波及火焰结构的变化。通过实验发现POM在1～5MPa下使ΔH(推进剂的分解焓)减小265～214J/g;POM在1MPa,5MPa下使推进剂的燃面温度分别由481℃和628℃降至433℃和569℃;理论计算表明:POM在10MPa下使推进剂的爆热、燃温分别由4418.4J/g,3031K降至4397.4J/g,3015K。结果表明,POM对无烟XLDB推进剂的热分解及燃烧过程有明显的抑制作用,这一作用可能降低无烟XLDB推进剂在1～5MPa范围内的燃速。     

催化硝胺推进剂的高压热分解及燃烧性能

选择了一种典型硝胺推进剂,研究了加入不同的催化剂后燃烧性能的变化及样品高压ＤＳＣ热分解行为。发现铅盐以及铜盐使硝胺推进剂在５ＭＰａ下的分解反应提前完成,热焓增加,碳黑的加入不产生该趋势,但三元复合催化剂加剧了此作用;三元复合催化剂使该硝胺推进剂在１９１．７℃到２３９．５℃的分解反应速度提高,这一区域放热的增加正是燃速提高的原因。参量ΔＨ与ΔＴ之比ΔＨ／ΔＴ与推进剂燃速之间有关联,ΔＨ／ΔＴ越大,燃     

苯乙烯对推进剂力学贮存性能的影响研究

本文用气液色谱法和25℃下单向拉伸,研究高固体含量HTPB推进剂在各种温度下的加速老化.结果表明:推进剂中残留苯乙烯含量与δm(δ表示应力)、εm的变化成对应关系;60℃下贮存外加4%苯乙烯的配方药块,三个月δm升高31.8%,εm下降18.5%;而无苯乙烯配方药块在同样条件下,八个月δm升高26.2%,εm基本不变.经研究找到了苯乙烯挥发是推进剂贮存前期力学性能变化的主要原因,取消苯乙烯的配方可显著改善推进剂的力学贮存性能;本文对苯乙烯在推进剂中的残留量、存在状态及作用机理也作了探讨.     

高燃速HTPB/IPDI推进剂低温力学性能(Ⅱ)界面助剂的设计与应用

为了改善高燃速丁羟推进剂的低温力学性能，设计合成了AO系列 同助剂，并在丁羟高燃速实验配方中验让了它们的使用效能。结果表明AO助剂大幅度提高了高燃速实验配方的低温力学性能，在常温强度相当的条件下，－40℃下最大伸长率由40％左右提高到55％以上。实验结果也显示助剂与粘事剂的表面张力值越接近，工艺性能越好。文中还通过温反射红外光谱（DRIR）和动态热机械分析（DMA）对界面助剂的作用机理作了简要探讨。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.