基于广义多层次模糊模型的无人机路径规划

无人机自主飞行的路径规划涉及许多因素,为了使决策向量的获得过程尽可能多包含各个因素的信息,采用广义多层次Fuzzy综合评判是一种有效的方法.但是由于预先不知道权数分配,也无法知道评判结果,故无法用解决广义多层次Fuzzy综合评判或解决其逆问题的方法得到结果.为此引入遗传算法,利用其进化特性,求得合理的权数分配和广义多层次Fuzzy综合评判结果,可以达到控制飞机飞行过程的目的.这一过程提供了一种解决非正非逆问题的广义多层次Fuzzy综合评判问题的新思路和新方法.     

涵道风扇式无人机的优先级控制分配

涵道风扇式无人机是一种冗余配置操纵面的飞行器，其控制分配问题通常使用伪逆法求解，然而伪逆法不能对任意可达的期望力矩都返回容许控制，使冗余的操纵面牺牲了部分控制能力。提出一种优先级控制分配方法，该方法先对期望力矩进行矢量分解并划分优先级，再求解约束最优化问题得到容许控制。相比于伪逆法，所提出的方法可对更大范围的期望力矩返回容许控制，而且当期望力矩不可达时，可以防止系统因执行器饱和而产生输出耦合。将所提出的方法应用到涵道风扇式无人机的控制分配中，仿真及飞行试验验证了该方法的有效性。     

过驱动轮控卫星的动态控制分配方法

反作用飞轮在卫星姿态控制中具有重要作用,配置3个以上飞轮的卫星构成一类过驱动系统,能够提高姿态控制系统的可靠性.针对期望控制力矩到冗余飞轮的指令分配问题,提出了一种基于伪逆法的动态控制分配方法,并针对传统伪逆法难以考虑飞轮最大力矩等物理约束问题,采用零空间方法对传统伪逆法给出的分配结果进行了修正.基于稳定控制模式下姿态...     

先进战斗机控制分配方法研究综述

综述了先进战斗机控制分配方法的研究和应用状况。文中首先介绍了4种主要的控制分配方法———广义逆法、串接链法、直接分配法和数学规划法,给出各种方法在飞行控制系统分配应用中的限制,然后简单介绍控制分配方法在现实飞行控制系统中的应用情况,最后对控制分配中的几个关键问题进行了分析总结。     

多操纵面先进布局飞机控制分配技术研究

介绍了多操纵面布局飞机飞控系统中冗余控制量分配问题的提出、数学描述及研究发展。重点分析了伪逆法、串接链法和基于二次规划的动态分配三种方法,通过某型先进布局飞机控制分配设计与仿真,对比分析了各种算法应用的优缺点,并给出了结论。     

先进战斗机控制分配方法研究进展

综述了目前国内外先进战斗机控制分配方法的研究和应用现状。首先介绍了四种最主要的控制分配方法——广义逆方法、链式递增方法、直接分配方法和数学规划方法．然后对控制分配方法在现实中的应用情况进行了简单介绍．最后对控制分配中的几个关键问题进行了分析总结。     

软管连接约束下的加油机/无人机编队跟踪控制

在自主空中加油任务中,针对受油无人机（UAV）与加油机对接后形成的软管约束下的编队跟踪控制问题,提出一种基于领航-跟随的加油编队跟踪控制方法。首先,建立软管约束下加油编队运动学/动力学模型。然后设计非奇异终端滑模编队快速收敛控制器,以满足软管约束下加油编队的快速收敛需求;再考虑复杂气流和软管未知扰动,结合扩张状态观测器和PI型动态逆控制,设计无人机轨迹跟踪控制器,并基于Lyapunov稳定性分析证明闭环系统可实现有限时间的快速稳定。最后,通过数值仿真来验证所设计加油编队控制方法的有效性。     

基于小脑模型关节控制器的无人机集群快速终端滑模容错控制

针对受执行器故障和外界干扰影响的集群无人机（UAV）协同编队控制问题，提出了一种自适应快速非奇异积分滑模（FNISM）容错控制（FTC）方法。为使集群无人机在执行任务时具有良好的协同跟踪性能，通过对无人机实际飞行情况的分析，考虑了无人机编队飞行时的执行器故障和尾涡扰动等对跟踪性能的不利影响。采用小脑模型关节控制器神经网络（CMANN）来估计并消除外部干扰的影响，同时运用CMANN逼近补偿执行器故障。研究表明：所提出的容错控制方案可以保证无人机编队闭环系统在故障情况下的最终一致有界稳定，并且可以通过减小滑模设计参数提高收敛速度，通过增大虚拟和实际控制器参数提高控制精度。4架无人机的集群编队在该方法、基于径向基神经网络（RBFNN）的鲁棒动态面容错控制、比例微分（PD）滑模容错控制3种方法下的对比仿真结果表明该方法在无人机集群编队出现故障时具有更优异的协同控制性能。     

基于模糊LADRC的倾转四旋翼无人机纵向姿态控制

针对倾转四旋翼无人机存在控制冗余和模型具有时变性及不确定性的问题,进行了纵向姿态控制系统建模和仿真研究。运用牛顿运动定律和刚体转动定律建立无人机六自由度运动模型,并采用试验测量及数值仿真的方法获取模型参数。采用设计控制分配系数的方法解决控制冗余的问题。设计了基于线性自抗扰控制(LADRC)方法的姿态控制器并采用模糊控制对其参数进行在线整定,提高了控制系统的响应速度和鲁棒性。搭建了Simulink仿真模型,通过无人机纵向飞行控制仿真试验,验证了所设计的控制分配系数的合理性以及姿态控制器的有效性。     

碟形飞行器复合控制系统的控制分配策略研究

碟形飞行器复合控制系统是一个高度非线性的多输入系统,通过对碟形飞行器所受合外力和力矩的分析并根据纵向运动假设得到碟形飞行器纵向运动简化方程,进行小偏差线性化得到纵向通道变质量矩/推力矢量复合控制线性化方程。针对两类执行机构如何协调控制这一难题,文章采用控制分配思想在结构上对碟形飞行器复合控制系统进行了优化,并分别采用了广义逆控制分配方法和基于二次规划的直接最优分配方法进行了仿真研究,结果表明控制分配方法能有效地协调两类执行机构的控制,并具有较强的鲁棒性。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.