建立与硬件无关通用测试程序的方法

IVI 驱动技术是当今受人推崇的软件控制新技术。文中阐述了 IVI 技术的应用,真正实现了仪器的可互换性.使得工程人员的测试程序可以应用于不同的仪器设备。文中介绍了 IVI驱动机制、使用工具、建立虚拟仪器等方面的相关问题。     

Specifying an IVI class for digital test instrumentation

This paper presents an overview of work being done by Teradyne in conjunction with the IVI Foundation to specify an IVI class for digital instrumentation. The Interchangeable Virtual Instruments (IVI) Foundation was formed in August 1997 to define standard specifications for programming common test instrument capabilities. The paper will present the major architectural aspects of digital test instrumentation and how those features can be grouped into classes for the purpose of writing an instrument independent driver. Topics discussed will include derivation of capability classes, class extensions, simulation, and range checking. Examples of how the IVI digital class would apply to the Teradyne M9-Series Digital Test Instrument will be included. Conclusions will summarize the unique attributes of digital test instrumentation, the benefits which can be achieved through standardization, and the tradeoffs associated with utilizing class extensions     

Integrating VISA, IVI and ATEasy to migrate legacy test systems

New software technologies, such as VISA and IVI, continue to bring the industry toward greater standardization. The benefit to the integrator is reduced costs through reuse of the same hardware and software. The benefit to the customer end-user is lower costs by reducing modification and support through the life-cycle to the test station. However, while we position ourselves for the future with PXI and these software technologies, we must still provide support for VXI, GPIB, and instrument drivers that use current software technologies. Using a number of additional tools such as National Instrument's Measurement and Automation Explorer and Geotest's ATEasy, we can have the power of these tools today while waiting for wider acceptance and support of the newer VISA and IVI technologies. We are just now seeing the development of IVI drivers and the ink is still wet on the VISA specification for PXI. ATEasy provided the structure necessary to use these technologies with the current technology. This paper explores the process of implementing and integrating the system driver and instrument drivers for a PXI-based test station for the TOW2 optical sight sensor.     

IVI comes of age: An overview of IVI specifications with current status

IVI stands for Interchangeable Virtual Instruments; the IVI Foundation was formed in 1997 and is a consortium founded to promote standard specifications for programmable test instruments. The foundation focuses on the needs of users who build high performance test systems. By building on existing industry standards, such as VXIplug&play driver concepts, the Foundation's goal is to deliver specifications that simplify interchangeability, provide better performance, and maintainable test programs. To date, only a few IVI drivers have been available. In the past year, the IVI Foundation finished a major revision of it's architecture and has released a blizzard of specifications, increasing its IVI Class specification by 80% and dramatically improving the consistency and quality of released drivers. The DoD has expressed major interest in IVI's success. With the recent successful completion of the current set of specifications, DoD is interested in becoming involved in defining the next set of Class Specifications. The NxTest Working Group lists IVI as a key technical element, and DoD has recently requested that the IVI Foundation consider Electro Optical equipment for their next set of Class Specifications; a Working Group has been formed to more clearly define this activity.     

基于LabVIEW的IVI编程

在介绍IVI类驱动程序和专用驱动程序的基础上,针对测量程序控制硬件发生变化时需要耗费大量的时间和精力重新编写程序的问题,以Fluke8840A为例,描述了利用NI公司MAX软件配置IVI仪器的Logical Names和Driver Sessions的过程、方法、步骤和注意事项,及在LabVIEW开发环境下如何利用IVI驱动设计IVI数字电压表测量程序。本文对正确地利用IVI驱动设计测试系统程序、推广利用IVI技术、节省开发时间和维护成本具有重要意义。     

Software architecture for building

Test system developers can benefit greatly from a software architecture that allows for easy interchangeability of instruments in those systems. Using open industry standard software architectures such as Virtual Instrument Software Architecture (VISA), and Interchangeable Virtual Instruments (IVI), developers are able to create systems with interchangeable test instrumentation. This paper describes the VISA and IVI software standards and demonstrates how their use within a broader software architecture, which includes standard development environments and flexible test executive software, facilitates the creation of interchangeable test systems     

用于虚拟仪器开发的IVI技术

介绍了IVI的规范及体系结构，描述了IVI仪器驱动器的工作过程及特点，重点讨论了开始开发IVI仪器驱动程序器的方法。     

自动测试系统通用性的实现技术

文章分析了与开发通用ATS密切相关的标准/规范,从软、硬件两方面讨论了ATS通用性的实现途径,包括硬件配置及接口技术、IVI技术以及面向信号方法。ATS通用性的实现可以实现被测对象的跨平台测试以及测试程序的可移植,能带来显著的军事及经济效益。     

THE JOINT SCIENCE OPERATIONS CENTRE

The Joint Science Operations Centre (JSOC) has been established to provide the operational interface between the Instrument Principal Investigators (PIs) and the European Space Operations Centre (ESOC). Its key task will be to merge inputs from the Cluster instrument teams and to generate the coordinated command schedule for operation of the scientific payload. In addition, it will collect and process data needed to plan those operations and will monitor the performance of the mission and individual instruments. This paper outlines the JSOC subsystems that have been built to carry out these tasks and highlights points of scientific or technical interest within these systems.     

基于虚拟仪器的航空直流电源系统电气参数测试

为了实现对航空直流电源的快速检测,提出了一种基于虚拟仪器的航空直流电源系统电气参数测试的设计方案,阐述了测试系统的硬件组成和测试系统软件模块。测试系统软件采用LabVIEW软件开发平台,主要由数据采集软件和数据处理软件两部分组成。实际应用表明,各项测试指标均达到了设计要求,系统具有运行稳定可靠、操作方便、维护简单的特点,能够满足航空直流电源的测试需要。     

利用IVI驱动程序在LabVIEW中构建测试系统

讨论了IVI驱动程序的特点、测试系统结构、MAX配置IVI 仪器过程,介绍了在LabVIEW环境中实现IVI编程的方法.     

InSight Mars Lander Robotics Instrument Deployment System

The InSight Mars Lander is equipped with an Instrument Deployment System (IDS) and science payload with accompanying auxiliary peripherals mounted on the Lander. The InSight science payload includes a seismometer (SEIS) and Wind and Thermal Shield (WTS), heat flow probe (Heat Flow and Physical Properties Package, HP³) and a precision tracking system (RISE) to measure the size and state of the core, mantle and crust of Mars. The InSight flight system is a close copy of the Mars Phoenix Lander and comprises a Lander, cruise stage, heatshield and backshell. The IDS comprises an Instrument Deployment Arm (IDA), scoop, five finger “claw” grapple, motor controller, arm-mounted Instrument Deployment Camera (IDC), lander-mounted Instrument Context Camera (ICC), and control software. IDS is responsible for the first precision robotic instrument placement and release of SEIS and HP³ on a planetary surface that will enable scientists to perform the first comprehensive surface-based geophysical investigation of Mars’ interior structure. This paper describes the design and operations of the Instrument Deployment Systems (IDS), a critical subsystem of the InSight Mars Lander necessary to achieve the primary scientific goals of the mission including robotic arm geology and physical properties (soil mechanics) investigations at the Landing site. In addition, we present test results of flight IDS Verification and Validation activities including thermal characterization and InSight 2017 Assembly, Test, and Launch Operations (ATLO), Deployment Scenario Test at Lockheed Martin, Denver, where all the flight payloads were successfully deployed with a balloon gravity offload fixture to compensate for Mars to Earth gravity.     

Instrument Failure Detection in Partially Observable Systems

Instrument failure detection using the dedicated observer scheme (DOS) depends on partial state observability through each instrument which is monitored. For instrument fault detection by the DOS technique, a quantitative measure of partial state observability is established for each instrument and used to determine a necessary condition on the output structure of the system. This measure, called the internal redundancy of the instrument, indicates the complexity of the logic required for failure detection, and it also indicates where some hardware redundancy can be introduced into the system to improve the fault detection capability of the DOS. The principles developed are applied to a simulation of the pitch axis autopilot of the A7 jet aircraft.     

Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer experiment on Galileo

The Galileo Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (NIMS) is a combination of imaging and spectroscopic methods. Simultaneous use of these two methods yields a powerful combination, far greater than when used individually. For geological studies of surfaces, it can be used to map morphological features, while simultaneously determining their composition and mineralogy, providing data to investigate the evolution of surface geology. For atmospheres, many of the most interesting phenomena are transitory, with unpredictable locations. With concurrent mapping and spectroscopy, such features can be found and spectroscopically analyzed. In addition, the spatial/compositional aspects of known features can be fully investigated. The NIMS experiment will investigate Jupiter and the Galilean satellites during the two year orbital operation period, commencing December 1995. Prior to that, Galileo will have flown past Venus, the Earth/Moon system (twice), and two asteroids; obtaining scientific measurements for all of these objects.The NIMS instrument covers the spectral range 0.7 to 5.2 , which includes the reflected-sunlight and thermal-radiation regimes for many solar system objects. This spectral region contains diagnostic spectral signatures, arising from molecular vibrational transitions (and some electronic transitions) of both solid and gaseous species. Imaging is performed by a combination of one-dimensional instrument spatial scanning, coupled with orthogonal spacecraft scan-platform motion, yielding two-dimensional images for each of the NIMS wavelengths.The instrument consists of a telescope, with one dimension of spatial scanning, and a diffraction grating spectrometer. Both are passively cooled to low temperatures in order to reduce background photon shot noise. The detectors consist of an array of indium antimonide and silicon photovoltaic diodes, contained within a focal-plane-assembly, and cooled to cryogenic temperatures using a radiative cooler. Spectral and spatial scanning is accomplished by electro-mechanical devices, with motions executed using commandable instrument modes.Particular attention was given to the thermal and contamination aspects of the Galileo spacecraft, both of which could profoundly affect NIMS performance. Various protective measures have been implemented, including shades to protect against thruster firings as well as thermal radiation from the spacecraft.The Near Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (NIMS) Engineering and Science Teams consist of I. Aptaker (Instrument Manager), G. Bailey (Detectors), K. Baines (Science Coordinator), R. Burns (Digital Electronics), R. Carlson (Principal Investigator), E. Carpenter (Structures), K. Curry (Radiative Cooler), G. Danielson (Co-Investigator), T. Encrenaz (Co-Investigator), H. Enmark (Instrument Engineer), F. Fanale (Co-Investigator), M. Gram (Mechanisms), M. Hernandez (NIMS Orbiter Engineering Team), R. Hickok (Support Equipment Software), G. Jenkins (Support Equipment), T. Johnson (Co-Investigator), S. Jones (Optical-Mechanical Assembly), H. Kieffer (Co-Investigator), C. LaBaw (Spacecraft Calibration Targets), R. Lockhart (Instrument Manager), S. Macenka (Optics), J. Mahoney (Instrument Engineer), J. Marino (Instrument Engineer), H. Masursky (Co-Investigator), D. Matson (Co-Investigator), T. McCord (Co-Investigator), K. Mehaffey (Analog Electronics), A. Ocampo (Science Coordinator), G. Root (Instrument System Analysis), R. Salazar (Radiative Cooler and Thermal Design), D. Sevilla (Cover Mechanisms), W. Sleigh (Instrument Engineer), W. Smythe (Co-Investigator and Science Coordinator), L. Soderblom (Co-Investigator), L. Steimle (Optics), R. Steinkraus (Digital Electronics), F. Taylor (Co-Investigator), P. Weissman (Co-Investigator and Science Coordinator), and D. Wilson (Manufacturing Engineer).     

某型军机军械火控系统自动测试仪的设计与研究

传统的机载火控系统性能测试技术含量低,不能满足现代战争的需要.为提高部队的快速反应能力,研制了一种基于VXI总线技术组建的机载火控系统自动测试,并给出了测试仪的硬件配置和在Lab Windows/CVI环境下的软件模块化设计方案及实现方法.机载火控系统自动测试仪的研制,为部队战时或训练现场实时测试机载火控系统的主要性能提供了方便.     

航空发动机健康管理系统的快速原型设计

针对航空发动机健康管理系统传统设计方法周期长、成本高等问题,提出了面向健康管理系统的快速原型设计方法,构建了基于虚拟仪器语言和快速原型技术的航空发动机健康管理系统快速原型仿真平台。以CompactRIO平台为核心,在实时响应最高的现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)环境下设计了信号接口单元,模拟发动机真实传感器值,并提供了基于Windows平台的健康管理软件实时开发环境,可以将健康管理算法快速部署下载至硬件平台。结果表明:此健康管理系统的快速原型设计方法是切实有效的,为扩展成为完全的硬件在回路(HIL)仿真的平台奠定了基础,有较好的工程实用价值。     

CX1型无人机称重仪

叙述了CX1型无人机称重仪的组成与工作原理,推导了CX1型无人机总重量及重心的计算公式,对系统的测量误差进行了分析和修正。CX1型无人机机身细长,动力装置距离飞机重心较远,对飞行性能影响很大。CX1型无人机称重仪是检测CX1型无人机的专用地面检测设备,它可以自动检测称重台架上三个支撑点的重量,计算出CX1型无人机的总重量及重心,并将检测与计算结果在面板上显示出来,可以非常方便地实现CX1型无人机的重量和重心的调配。     

面向功能的测试设备驱动器设计与实现

在各种定制化测试设备中,由于很多仪器驱动不符合现有的标准,从而降低了测试软件的开发效率和质量。为此,提出了一种面向功能的测试设备驱动器的设计与实现方法。通过对特定类别测试设备所需实现功能的分析,获得了脱离硬件环境的功能项目集合,并建立了规范化的设备驱动接口。在驱动组件的内部,封装了对硬件仪器的控制,并描述了实际测试设备的功能实现。测试设备驱动器为上层软件提供了统一的开发和运行基础,便于测试程序针对这些虚拟化的功能接口进行开发,避免了硬件的差异性对业务逻辑的影响。应用实例表明,该方法提高了测试程序的移植性和开发质量,尤其适用于各种系列化的、含有非标准驱动程序的测试软件的开发。     

基于MEMS IMU的舵面运动测量仪

针对飞行器升降舵、副翼角运动的测试需求,提出了单轴捷联姿态系统的原理及算法,介绍了基于MEMS陀螺仪和加速度计的舵面运动测量仪的构成,并对测量仪的工作过程进行了仿真.仿真表明,测量仪的性能满足舵面运动测量的需要.     

C─8587A型多参数表面粗糙度测量仪参数运算软件分析

介绍了C-8587A型多参数表面粗糙度测量仪各项参数的定义、测量、数学模型、流程控制、功能特点，用单片机实现仪器的各项功能，利用宏汇编语言的编程技巧得以实现，表现了仪器的优越性。