共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 187 毫秒
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载人小行星探测的任务特点与实施途径探讨 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
介绍了载人小行星探测的发展现状,对目前美国基于"猎户座"飞船的载人小行星探测的概要方案进行了描述,包括探测器系统组成、运载火箭和飞行方案等内容。从速度增量、目标星引力等方面,分析了载人小行星探测的任务特点,并与载人火星探测、载人月球探测以及无人小行星探测的任务特点进行了比较。给出了载人小行星探测的实施途径建议,包括目标星选择、载人飞船系统设计等。讨论了其所涉及的推进、星际飞行安全保障、小行星表面行走等关键技术。研究结果可为我国开展载人深空探测提供参考。 相似文献
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载人小行星着陆探测模式设想 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
《航天器工程》2016,(3):109-114
基于目前小行星探测技术特点,综述了当前国内外空间活动中两种典型探测模式,针对未来载人小行星着陆探测需求,提出了爬行式和基于小型机动操作载人飞船的两种探测模式,并对两种模式进行评价比较,基于小型机动操作载人飞船的探测模式具有机动性强、探测范围广、安全性高及对航天员操作能力要求低等特点,可为我国未来载人深空探测任务中微重力环境下星体表面作业方案设计提供参考。 相似文献
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小行星是指不易挥发出气体和尘埃,在太阳系里沿着椭圆轨道绕太阳公转,但体积和质量比行星小得多的天体。小行星由岩石或金属构成。开展载人/非载人的小行星探测活动将为我们应对小行星撞击,探索宇宙演化和生命起源等方面提供有力的支持。 相似文献
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2005年世界航天发展述评(上) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
2005年是名副其实的航天年。美国、欧洲、俄罗斯、日本等国家和地区面向未来,纷纷出台了雄心勃勃的航天发展战略或中长期发展规划,航天预算不断增长;一些大中型运载火箭更新换代,多项新型运载火箭研制计划先后面世,低成本快速发射小型火箭研制进展迅速并取得重要成果;新型军用和民用卫星相继升空,研制计划取得新的进展,新一代卫星的关键技术不断取得突破,空间攻防对抗也有所进展;载人航天受到世界关注,中国神舟6号飞船实现多人多天飞行,美国调整载人航天发展途径,美俄公布新型载人航天器详细方案;深空探测有新的突破,行星、彗星和小行星探测取得重要成就,重返月球和火星探测继续成为今后的发展热点。 相似文献
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深空探测的进展与我国深空探测的发展战略 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
本文通过对大量国内外深空探测资料的收集整理、分析和总结,对深空探测的五个重点领域-月球探测、火星探测、水星和金星探测,巨行星及其卫星探测,小行星及彗星探测的进展和探测成果分别进行了论述,并在此基础上提出了我国深空探测的发展战略,特别是对月球和火星的探测。根据国际上深空探测的发展趋势和我国科技发展水平,目前深空探测的目的是进一步深入认识太阳系各类天体,探讨太阳系的起源与演化,深空探测的重点是月球与火星,而对巨行星的卫星,小行星与彗星侧重探测水体与生命活动信息,探讨太阳系生命的起源与变化,我国深空探测近期应以月球探测为主导,取得突破性进展,筹备火星探测的预研究,选准科学目标,水星与金星、巨行星的卫星和小行星和彗星的探测,不是深空探测的主潮流,可适当参加国际合作,以期取得进展。 相似文献
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The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency is currently developing the second asteroid sample return mission, designated as Hayabusa 2. Following the successful return of Hayabusa from the asteroid “Itokawa”, Hayabusa 2 is designed as a round-trip mission to the asteroid “1999 JU3”. The 1999 JU3 is a C-type asteroid, which is believed to contain organic matter and hydrated minerals. Thus, it is expected that successful sample collection will provide additional knowledge on the origin and evolution of the planets and, in particular, the origin of water and organic matter. The current mission scenario will enable the spacecraft to reach 1999 JU3 in the middle of 2018 and perform an asteroid proximity operation for 1.5 years. Three touch downs for sampling and one 2-m-class crater generation by means of a high-speed impact operation are planned during the asteroid proximity operation. The samples are to be brought back to the Earth by a re-entry capsule. The present paper describes the system design of Hayabusa 2, some key technical challenges of the mission, and the development status. 相似文献
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针对小行星表面微重力环境及样品机械属性未知的特点,提出了一种基于刷扫和研磨的复合式取样器设计方案。该取样器通过刷扫和研磨的复合方式进行取样,能够提高小行星表面取样任务的成功率。为了研究该取样器刷扫取样时刷轮叶片数、刷轮转速、推进速度、星壤参数等对取样效率的影响,研磨和刷扫复合取样的优越性以及刷扫和研磨时的驱动力矩,开展了样品颗粒相互作用建模及研磨取样动力学分析。基于离散元仿真软件EDEM,构建了取样器3D模型并仿真其在小行星表面取样,获得了样品收集质量与取样时间的关系曲线,分析了各个参数对取样效率的影响。结果表明:刷轮叶片数越多,刷轮转速越大,推进速度越大,取样器取样效率更高,刷扫和研磨的复合取样方法比起单一的刷扫取样,具有更高的取样效率。该研究为设计小行星取样器、取样参数设定和取样效果分析提供了依据。 相似文献
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《中国航天(英文版)》2019,(3)
Compared with traditional ground asteroid observations, deep space exploration is an important way to explore and comprehensively understand the characteristics of asteroids. Imaging spectrometer integrates morphological measurement and spectral measurement, and has the ability to acquire image and spectral data simultaneously. By combining morphometry and spectrometry, it is possible to achieve efficient identification and quantitative analysis of the chemical components of the exploration target, and has the strong advantage in the field of asteroid exploration. This paper analyzes the principle of the staring imaging spectrometer and the technological progress in various countries. Based on the requirements of light, small payloads and the space characteristics of spectroscopic devices, the application of staring imaging spectrometer is discussed. Then, this paper introduces the conceptual design of an acousto-optic staring imaging spectrometer, combined with the technical characteristics of its area array stare frame imaging and fast electronic control spectrum selection. An experimental verification is carried out, which provides a reference for the feasibility of this type of instrument in asteroid exploration. 相似文献
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小行星探测最优两脉冲交会轨道设计与分析 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
小行星探测已经成为新世纪深空探测的一个新热点和未来世界航天发展的一个新方向。转移轨道的设计和探测目标可接近性的分析是小行星探测的关键技术之一。现利用了任意两个非共面非共轴椭圆轨道之间的最优两脉冲转移方法,对我国提出的探测Ivar小行星的交会转移轨道进行了设计与分析,给出了全局最优两脉冲交会轨道的设计参数,并利用此方法对近地小行星的可接近性进行了分析和排序,给出了可接近性较好的40颗近地小行星的转移轨道设计参数。这些研究结果对于近地小行星探测任务的目标选择和发射机会的预测都有重要的参考价值。 相似文献
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Most plausible futures for space exploration and exploitation require a large mass in Earth orbit. Delivering this mass requires overcoming the Earth's natural gravity well, which imposes a distinct obstacle to any future space venture. An alternative solution is to search for more accessible resources elsewhere. In particular, this paper examines the possibility of future utilisation of near Earth asteroid resources. The accessibility of asteroid material can be estimated by analysing the volume of Keplerian orbital element space from which Earth can be reached under a certain energy threshold and then by mapping this analysis onto an existing statistical near Earth objects (NEO) model. Earth is reached through orbital transfers defined by a series of impulsive manoeuvres and computed using the patched-conic approximation. The NEO model allows an estimation of the probability of finding an object that could be transferred with a given Δv budget. For the first time, a resource map provides a realistic assessment of the mass of material resources in near Earth space as a function of energy investment. The results show that there is a considerable mass of resources that can be accessed and exploited at relatively low levels of energy. More importantly, asteroid resources can be accessed with an entire spectrum of levels of energy, unlike other more massive bodies such as the Earth or Moon, which require a minimum energy threshold implicit in their gravity well. With this resource map, the total change of velocity required to capture an asteroid, or transfer its resources to Earth, can be estimated as a function of object size. Thus, realistic examples of asteroid resource utilisation can be provided. 相似文献
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从月球逃逸探测小行星的发射机会搜索因需考虑日、地、月引力的影响而使问题变得复杂。针对该多体系统的发射机会搜索问题,提出了一种分层渐近的搜索方法。该方法首先通过分析地月系质心与小行星的几何关系,搜索从地月系质心到小行星的发射机会,进而以地月运动为研究对象,推导出了从月球轨道切向逃逸机会的判别条件,并基于此判别条件及等高线图法对逃逸机会进行了搜索。同时,为提高所得发射机会在多体模型下的轨道修正收敛性,给出了基于月心逃逸轨道参数为终端约束的日-地与日-地-月动力学模型的轨道渐近修正方法。最后,以近地小行星(3908)Nyx和(190491)2000 FJ20为例,搜索其从月球逃逸的发射机会,仿真计算表明了该方法的有效性。 相似文献