浆料浸渍工艺制备高性能Al2O3/Al2O3陶瓷基复合材料

为了利于大型构件的制备,采用浆料浸渍工艺,以Nextel 720连续氧化铝纤维增韧,通过一次烧结过程制备了Al₂O₃/Al₂O₃陶瓷基复合材料。测试了复合材料的物理及力学性能,并采用光学显微镜、SEM对试样的微观形貌进行了表征。结果表明：复合材料的体积密度为2.64 g/cm³,显气孔率为26%,材料基体呈现典型的多孔结构特征;室温及1 200 ℃,复合材料厚度方向的热导率分别为3.49及2.04 W/（m·K）;200～1 200 ℃,复合材料面内方向的热膨胀系数为（4.7～7.1）×10^-6/K;复合材料室温、1 100及1 200 ℃拉伸强度分别为202.4、222.4及228.4 MPa,试样断面纤维拔出明显;室温弯曲强度为200.5 MPa,试样发生韧性断裂;层剪强度为21.0 MPa。制备的材料主要性能与美国ATK-COI陶瓷公司的同类型材料相当,部分力学性能更优异。     

陶瓷隔热瓦的缺陷修补

分别采用了MgO、YSZ和Al₂O₃三种陶瓷粉体和一种含隔热瓦本体成分的粉料对陶瓷隔热瓦缺陷进行修补。研究了修补前后材料的微观形貌、力学及隔热性能。结果表明：采用含隔热瓦本体组成的粉料对陶瓷隔热瓦进行修补,修补部位与本体部位相容性好,且微观形貌相似,仍保持纤维搭接的多孔空间网络结构;修补后试样密度0.24 g/cm³、室温热导率0.044 W/（m·K）、压缩强度0.58 MPa;1 200℃、30 min热处理后,修补部位与本体部位结合性好,未出现裂纹、凹陷等缺陷,是有效的缺陷修补方法。     

熔融渗硅工艺制备的SiCf/SiC复合材料微观结构与性能

SiC纤维增强SiC陶瓷基复合材料（SiC_f/SiC复合材料）在航空发动机热端部件方面具有重要应用。本文以第二代碳化硅纤维为增强材料,采用熔融渗硅工艺制备出SiC_f/SiC复合材料,测试复合材料的基本物理性能及常规力学性能,并利用Micro-CT、SEM对试样的微观结构和断面进行了表征分析。结果显示：SiC_f/SiC复合材料的体积密度为2.78 g/cm³,开气孔率小于2.0%,基体较为致密,1 200 ℃时热导率（厚度方向）为14.30 W/（m?K）,室温~1 200 ℃厚度方向和面内方向的线胀率分别为0.59%、0.56%,平均热胀系数分别为5.02×10^-6、4.73×10^-6/K;室温面内拉伸强度典型值为317 MPa,SEM显示试样断面具有明显的纤维拔出效应,弯曲强度和层间拉伸强度典型值分别达794和49 MPa。     

3种铝合金材料动态性能及其温度相关性对比研究

 对3种铝合金2024-T351、7050-T7451和LY12-CZ进行了温度在77～573 K的静、动态压缩（应变率10^-3～6 000/s）和拉伸（应变率10^-3～3 000/s）试验,分别得到了3种铝合金材料的应力 应变关系和失效应变。对比研究结果表明,随温度升高3种材料的塑性流动应力降低,应变率敏感性增加。最后基于Johnson-Cook模型,拟合了用以预测铝合金材料塑性流动应力的模型参数,其预测结果与试验结果吻合较好。     

不同温度下IC10合金的本构关系

 利用材料试验机（MTS809）测得IC10合金在很宽的温度范围（25~800 ℃）和不同应变率（10^-5~10^-2s^-1）内的应力 应变曲线。试验结果表明：室温下IC10合金的流变行为对应变率不太敏感;相同应变率（10^-4s^-1）下,流变行为对温度较敏感;在不同应变率、25~800 ℃温度范围内,IC10合金的屈服应力变化很小。基于试验数据,修正并拟合了Johnson-Cook方程,并利用该方程对不同温度和不同应变率下IC10合金的流变应力进行预测。与试验数据对比表明,修正后的Johnson-Cook方程能较好地描述IC10合金在不同的温度和应变率条件下的流变行为。     

航天器用Parylene-C涂覆材料空间辐照适用性研究

派瑞林（Parylene）薄膜主要用于功率电刷的三防,确保电功率的稳定传输。本文对两种规格（17和27 μm）Parylene薄膜的厚度、热性能、绝缘性能、在铍青铜上的附着性能以及耐空间辐照性进行了研究。结果表明：通过真空气相沉积法制备的Parylene-C涂覆材料厚度误差可控在2 μm内;膜层在铍青铜上的附着力等级为1级,薄膜热分解温度为453 ℃,两种厚度薄膜击穿电压分别为3.65 kV（17 μm）和5.27 kV（27 μm）;经2.5×10¹⁵ p/cm²质子辐照后,膜层外观均完好,附着性能、热性能、绝缘性能仍满足工程使用需求;经2.5×10¹⁶ e/cm²电子辐照后,膜层出现严重开裂、起皮现象。对电子辐照前后膜层的热性能、红外结构等进行了进一步的研究,分析了电子辐照后膜层的失效机理并获得了Parylene-C涂覆材料膜层耐空间电子辐照上限为1×10¹⁴ e/cm²。     

真空100 keV质子辐照对石墨膜热性能的影响

研究了25 μm石墨膜在能量100 keV最大注量2.5×10¹⁵ p/cm²的真空质子辐照条件下的微观结构和热性能，采用拉曼光谱（Raman spectrum）、X射线衍射（XRD）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）进行微观结构分析，采用激光闪射法（LFA）进行热性能分析。石墨膜晶面间距为0.335 83 nm，石墨化度为95.0%。结果发现，质子辐照会导致石墨膜表层产生缺陷，片层间距增大，石墨化度降低，氧含量升高；随着质子辐照注量的增加，Raman光谱中D和G峰的积分面积比表明缺陷密度不断增加。25 μm石墨膜经过能量为100 keV注量为2.5×10¹⁵ p/cm²质子辐照后，石墨膜热扩散系数无明显变化。     

工艺参数对轻质热防护组件胶接装配性能的影响

可重复使用运载器采用轻质热防护材料和应变隔离垫作为飞行器的热防护系统,轻质热防护组件通过硅橡胶胶黏剂粘接至碳纤维复合材料蒙皮表面。为提高可重复使用飞行器轻质热防护系统粘接质量,通过实验方法研究了加压压力、加压时间、表面处理方式等对轻质热防护组件与碳纤维复合材料的粘接强度的影响。结果表明：轻质热防护组件与碳纤维复合材料的粘接强度随加压压力的增大而增大,随加压时间的增长先迅速增大,当加压时间超过7 h时缓慢增大;打磨或涂处理剂表面处理方式均能提高粘接强度,同时施加两种处理方式时提高粘接强度大于52%。     

刚性隔热瓦组件拉伸强度有限元分析与验证

为研究侧面涂层和应变隔离垫厚度及两者刚度对刚性隔热瓦及组件力学性能的影响,构建一种对称结构的刚性隔热瓦分析模型,进行了拉伸试验和有限元分析。结果表明,在拉伸载荷作用下刚性隔热瓦的应力分布不均匀,具有明显应力集中现象,其拉伸强度水平与最大应力密切相关,随涂层厚度或刚度增加,刚性隔热瓦最大应力上升,拉伸强度降低;当刚性隔热瓦粘结应变隔离垫时,应变隔离垫厚度增加或刚度减小,刚性隔热瓦最大应力下降,拉伸强度增大;当刚性隔热瓦含涂层时,增加应变隔离垫可减缓涂层对刚性隔热瓦的影响;并对有限元分析结果进行了试验验证,计算结果与试验结果吻合良好,表明建立的刚性隔热瓦分析模型合理,揭示了涂层和应变隔离垫参数与刚性隔热瓦失效的关联关系。     

不同钝化工艺SiO2薄膜的辐射缺陷

为研究不同钝化工艺栅介质用SiO₂薄膜的高能电子辐射缺陷特征，采用能量为1 MeV的高能电子在辐照注量为1×10¹⁵ e/cm²、5×10¹⁵ e/cm²和1×10¹⁶e/cm²下对三种不同钝化工艺（I，700 nm SiN + 500 nm PSG;II，1.2 μm SiN;III，700 nm PSG + 500 nm SiN）的SiO₂薄膜进行了辐照试验。拉曼光谱和X射线光电子能谱结果表明I和III钝化工艺SiO₂薄膜形成了非晶硅及双氧根离子，傅立叶红外光谱结果表明I钝化工艺SiO₂薄膜形成缺陷结构未知的A₁、A₂、B₁及B₂缺陷；II钝化工艺SiO₂薄膜形成A₁、B₁、及 缺陷；III钝化工艺SiO₂薄膜形成A₁、及B₂缺陷。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.