导光板激光刻蚀工艺参数的研究

基于激光刻蚀方法对导光板面板漆层的加工工艺进行研究,分析了激光束能量和光斑大小、激光刻蚀次数、加工距离精度对漆层刻蚀效果的影响。通过验证表明,采用激光刻蚀方法可实现导光板面板表面标记和字符的准确复刻修理。     

热处理对Pt-PtRh13薄膜热电偶绝缘层性能的影响及机理分析

为了测量航空发动机高温部件表面温度,利用离子束溅射镀膜技术制备了拥有多层薄膜结构的Pt-PtRh13薄膜热电偶,包括Ni基合金基底、Ni Cr Al Y黏结层、Al2O3过渡层、Al2O3绝缘层、Pt/Pt Rh13薄膜热电偶和Al2O3保护层。研究了热处理对Pt-PtRh13薄膜热电偶绝缘层性能的影响,并利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射分析(XRD)等手段对薄膜热电偶绝缘层性能下降的机理进行了分析。研究结果表明:利用Al2O3绝缘薄膜开发的Pt-PtRh13薄膜热电偶只用于900℃以下测温,在900℃以上长时间应用可能会出现测温不稳定问题,高温诱发Al2O3绝缘层发生晶型转变是主要原因。     

TiAl合金表面激光重熔Al_2O_3-13wt%TiO_2复合陶瓷涂层组织结构

采用等离子喷涂和激光重熔复合工艺在TiAl合金表面制备了Al2O3-13wt%TiO2复合陶瓷涂层.为了减少重熔层裂纹等缺陷,采用较低的激光功率和能最密度进行重熔.用扫描电镜(SEM),能谱仪(EDS)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析了涂层形貌、微观结构和相组成.结果表明,经过激光重熔处理后,陶瓷涂层颗粒细化,片层状组织得以消失,致密性提高,获得了基本没有裂纹等缺陷的重熔层;激光重熔亚稳相γ-Al2O3转变为稳定相α-Al2O3;由于陶瓷材料导热系数较低的影响,激光重熔时无法使整个陶瓷层实现重熔,重熔后的陶瓷涂层形成了晶粒细小的等轴品重熔区、烧结区以及片层状残余等离子喷涂区.     

航空齿轮激光冲击强化残余应力场仿真计算研究

对高强度航空齿轮齿根激光冲击强化数值仿真计算进行研究,提出激光冲击压力的数值计算方法,建立考虑激光入射角度的航空齿轮单齿的激光冲击强化有限元模型。仿真计算齿根处表层齿宽方向残余应力平均值为–603.97 MPa,与试验测得的齿轮齿根处表层齿宽方向残余应力数据平均值相差0.15%。通过仿真试验,揭示了齿轮齿根区域残余应力分布与激光脉冲能量、搭接率以及光斑半径之间的关联规律。结果表明,同深度层、齿宽方向残余压应力平均值大于齿廓方向残余压应力平均值。提高激光脉冲能量或搭接率均可提高表层残余压应力平均值,但提高激光光斑半径会降低表层残余压应力平均值;提高激光搭接率可以有效降低表层残余应力分布中的应力起伏现象,但过高的搭接率会大幅降低强化工艺效率,实际搭接率不应超过0.8。     

脉冲激光刻蚀作用下冷喷涂沉积过程数值模拟

脉冲激光会烧蚀材料形成表面微纳结构,研究该刻蚀作用下的冷喷涂沉积过程,以提高表面修复质量与效率。首先,结合脉冲激光作用过程与实验观测结果建立了单/多粒子与基板的沉积模型;其次,运用热-结构耦合算法对存在表面微纳结构时的粒子/基板碰撞过程开展数值模拟,研究了脉冲激光刻蚀作用对冷喷涂材料沉积过程的影响;最后,分析了脉冲激光-冷喷涂复合修复过程中材料的沉积机理。结果表明,刻蚀作用形成的微纳结构使得粒子与基板的温度分布更加均匀,形变更加复杂,特别是碰撞中心区域的形变得到显著提升;且粒子碰撞在基板表面微纳结构的波峰处时应变、温升最大,波谷处时最小;脉冲激光-冷喷涂的沉积机理为塑性射流处的机械-物理结合与激光熔化区的冶金焊合。     

铜/镍箔中间层对铝/钢激光焊接接头组织与力学性能的影响

研究以Ni、Ni/Cu箔片为中间层的铝/钢异种金属激光焊接行为,系统考察Cu/Ni箔片复合中间层的添加对铝/钢异种激光焊接接头组织与性能的影响。利用扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪对焊缝横截面的组织形貌和各区域的元素分布进行观察分析,利用X射线衍射仪对焊接接头的主要物相进行分析,并利用电子万能试验机对焊接接头进行拉伸实验以表征其力学性能,结果表明:Cu/Ni箔片做复合中间层加入时,其中加入0.02 mm厚Cu箔片时焊接接头的最大剪切力提高至1754.72 N;加入0.05 mm厚Cu箔片时的最大剪切力为734.97 N,相比只添加Ni箔片时焊接接头的最大剪切力反而下降。Cu箔片的添加使得铝/钢界面的物相组成、元素分布和微观组织形态发生改变,同时增加了熔池的流动性。在靠近不锈钢侧的Fe-Al脆性相中的部分Fe原子被Cu原子取代生成新的二元韧性相,从而抑制Fe-Al二元脆性金属间化合物的生成,有效改善铝/钢的焊接性。因此,Cu/Ni箔片复合中间层的加入,可以有效地改善铝/钢异种激光焊接过程中的冶金反应,进而提高焊接接头的力学性能。     

双焦点激光-TIG电弧复合焊接工艺

针对1Cr18Ni9Ti奥氏体不锈钢的双焦点激光-TIG电弧复合热源焊接工艺进行了初步的研究.通过试验分析了双焦点激光-TIG电弧复合焊接过程中激光功率、电弧电流、热源间距以及焊接速度等工艺参数对焊缝熔深、熔宽的影响.结果表明,双焦点激光-TIG电弧复合热源在一定程度上可以提高焊接速度、焊接质量,降低装配精度,是一种很有应用前景的焊接工艺方法.     

脉冲激光输出模式对介质薄膜损伤的影响

采用单横模(TEM01)和多模横向激励高气压(TEA)脉冲二氧化碳激光器和不同焦距的透镜对10.6μm的增透膜进行了破坏实验,对破坏样品进行了显微分析,研究了不同激光模式和不同焦距透镜对薄膜破坏的影响。实验结果表明,在短焦距透镜聚焦时,相同能量密度的单横模激光脉冲焦距前比焦距后更容易造成薄膜的损伤,破坏阈值相差5 J/cm2;使用长焦距透镜聚焦时,在单模激光脉冲和多模激光脉冲幅照下薄膜的损伤阈值基本相同,但比使用短焦距单模激光测量到的损伤阈值高。     

激光对红外制导反舰导弹的干扰与损伤分析

计算了激光斜程传输时的大气透过率,研究了激光对光电探测器的干扰和破坏。以1.06μm激光辐照PV型HgCdTe红外探测器为例,估算了对远距离红外制导反舰导弹实现有效干扰所需发射的激光能量,从理论上证明了低能量激光对红外制导反舰导弹的干扰与损伤的可行性。     

KrF激光对高速飞片的驱动特性研究

利用诱导空间非相干技术平滑的KrF准分子（248nm）激光驱动带有烧蚀层的平面靶，研究激光空间均匀性对产生完整飞片的影响，结果表明激光不均匀性在2％以下，能够产生完整的高速飞片，且完整飞片能够维持20ns以上不破裂；当激光不均匀性达到5％，激光引入流体力学不稳定性种子应很强，冲击波在靶内输运过程中不稳定性不断发展增强，到靶背时强到足以使飞片解体甚至气化，不能产生完整的飞片。为了获得尽可能高的飞片速度，采用激光与烧蚀层参数不匹配方法，使冲击波对飞片作多次加速。利用功率密度为1012 W/cm2的KrF激光与含50μm Kapton烧蚀层的5μm铝飞片作用，得到速度约10km/s的高速飞片，与模拟结果吻合得很好。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.