低温超塑性钛合金的超塑性研究

对一种超塑性温度相对较低的双相钛合金SPZ的超塑性能进行了研究.结果表明:740～800℃,应变速率恒为1.11×10-3s-1时,SPZ合金的最大拉伸延伸率均超过1600%;760°C,合金的超塑延伸率可高达2149%.760℃,应变速率高达1.11×10-2s-1时,合金的超塑延伸率仍可达1380%.也就是说,700℃/1hAC处理后,SPZ合金在试验温度范围内具有低温高速超塑性.SEM观察发现,超塑变形前,合金的晶粒细小均匀,平均晶粒尺寸只有0.89μm;应变速率为2.22×10-3s-1,740℃,760℃变形后SPZ合金的晶粒尺寸分别为1.51μm,2.33μm.超塑性变形的微观机制是以晶界滑动为主,晶内变形以及位错蠕变起了协调作用.     

应变速率循环对Ti—10V—2Fe—3Al合金超塑性的影响

应变速率循环法是一种新式的超塑性试验方法,即试样在拉伸变形过程中,应变速率的大小按预定规律不断连续循环变化,直至试样拉断,从而获得材料的超塑性力学性能参数。本文采用这种方法研究了Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al合金的超塑性。结果表明,该合金具有良好的超塑性,同传统的恒应变速率拉伸试验相比,应变速率循环能有效地提高合金的超塑性能,获得更大的延伸率和更高的应变速率敏感性指数m值。例如,在最佳变形温度800℃条件下,延伸率从296％增大到440％,m值从0.36提高到0.48。应变速率循环为该合金超塑技术的应用开辟了新的途径。     

GH4169合金超塑性及其复杂构件超塑成形

对GH4169高温合金板材超塑性及超塑成形进行了研究.研究结果表明:在典型的超塑成形应变速率范围(10-3～10-4)内,细晶GH4169合金在较宽的温度范围(920℃～980℃)内的延伸率都高于250%,最高延伸率可达513%,应变速率敏感性指数m值都大于0.3;合金在超塑过程中发生了晶粒动态长大,并且超塑变形后仍为等轴晶;利用超塑成形方法研制出了飞行器用GH4169合金燃气岐管,并通过了30MPa液压压力、保压10min的打压试验及20MPa、保压5min的气密试验.     

Al-Li-Cu-Mg-Zr合金的超塑性研究

Al-1.91Li-1.25Cu-0.46Mg-0.21Zr合金超塑性变形结果表明,最佳的时效工艺是400℃8h;冷轧工艺得到了比温轧(550％)更高的超塑性延伸率(630％);最佳超塑性变形工艺是T=500℃,(?)_i=3.33×10~(-3)s~(-1)(起始拉伸速度)。研究指出,Al-1.91Li-1.25Cu-0.46Mg-0.21Zr合金的超塑性预处理的时效工艺和轧制工艺影响了合金超塑变形初期的应变诱发再结晶,从而影响超塑性性能。超塑变形中的动态回变和动态再结晶是晶界滑动的重要协调机制之一。     

等温锻造FGH96合金超塑性研究

对等温锻造FGH96合金的超塑性进行了研究.研究表明,FGH96合金在变形温度为1050℃和1100℃,初始应变速率ε0为1×10-2s-1～1×10-3s-1的拉伸变形条件下,均呈现出较好的超塑延性.在变形温度为1050℃,初始应变速率为1.67×10-3s-1时,合金超塑延伸率均可以达到825%.微观组织分析表明,FGH96合金超塑拉伸的断裂主要原因是空洞的长大和连接.     

宇航器材料与超塑性成形

超塑性成形是金属及其合金在超塑温度下,在具有极高的延伸率和高应变速率敏感性的细晶粒组织的条件下,用极低的压力就能成形出比用一般挤压、拉延更为复杂形状的零件的方法。金属及其合金在超塑成形过程中所以能承受极大的拉应变而无局部缩颈、变细和破坏,是因为它在超塑性变形时晶粒的应变很小或根本不产生应变。成形件的形状变化的表现形式为晶界滑移和晶粒滚动。因此,超塑成形是目前钣金技术中较先进的工艺方法。     

SiC/Ni复合材料的超塑性

对电沉积SiC/Ni复合材料进行了低温超塑性拉伸实验,结果发现:平均晶粒尺寸为200nm的SiC/Ni复合材料在温度430℃初始应变速率为8.33 ×10-4s-1的变形条件下,获得最大延伸率571.2%,应变速率敏感指数为0.32.利用扫描电镜对断口形貌及变形后试样的组织进行的观察表明:断裂模式主要是沿晶断裂;晶粒有不同程度的长大,晶粒的长大速率的不同形成了变形后大小晶粒的混合组织,且沿拉伸方向拉长.应力-应变关系曲线表明:应力随着应变的增大而增大,增加到峰值后开始减小,材料进入准稳定变形阶段,实现大变形.SiC的加入增加了基体组织的稳定性,有利于材料超塑性的实现.超塑变形机理为晶界滑移和位错滑移塑性.     

喷射沉积SiCp／LY12复合材料的性能及超塑性变形

研究了喷射沉积10Vol％SiCp／LY12复合材料的组织、强度极限该复合材料经热等静压和等温热正挤压后的超塑性。结果表明：喷射沉积的铝基复合材料经过简单的预处理具有良好的超塑性性能，应变速率敏感性指数m值达0．53，极限延伸率达345％。这与良好的组织状态密切相关。在该复合材料的超塑性变表过程中，空洞的形核与长大一直存在，空洞的长大和连接对材料的断裂有重要的影响。     

Ti3Al基合金板材的超塑性研究

研究非典型等轴细晶的两种不同轧制变形量的Ti3Al基合金热轧板的超塑性变形行为及其变形前后的显微组织。研究结果表明:该合金在超塑性变形过程中组织会转化为有利于超塑性的细小等轴组织。其在变形温度为940～1020℃,应变速率为2×10-4～2×10-3S-1时具有良好的超塑性,其最大伸长率可达859.5%,应变速率敏感指数达0.43,该合金超塑性变形的主要机制是晶界滑动,而且这种非典型等轴细晶条件下超塑性变形时晶内变形以及位错蠕变所起的作用比在等轴细晶态组织条件下的作用更为显著。对非典型等轴细晶的Ti3Al基合金热轧板,无需进行复杂热处理,也可以获得良好的超塑性,更具有工业意义。     

LD10锻铝合金超塑性预处理工艺的研究

本文叙述了预处理工艺在研究金属超塑性中的重要性。目前大多数工业铝合金皆仿照７０７５合金、７４７５合金预处理工艺方法进行，故而主要适用于板材超塑性成形。本文重点叙述了ＬＤ１０合金体积成形的超塑性预处理工艺中各个工艺步骤对超塑性的影响。棒材的预处理工艺步骤为固溶、过时效和镦拔。板材的预处理工艺步骤为固溶、过时效和轧制。超塑拉伸试验表明，经预处理的棒状试样，在４６０°Ｃ、ε为３．３３×１０￣－３Ｓ￣－１条件下获最高延伸率，δ为３５７％。经预处理的板状试样在４６０°Ｃ、ε为５×１０￣－３Ｓ￣－１条件下获最高延伸率８２０％。这一指标是现今所知的相近铝合金在最佳超塑拉伸变形条件下的最高值。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.