高温下取向对DD6单晶高温合金低周疲劳寿命的影响

对 76 0℃和 980℃两种温度下 [0 0 1],[0 11]和 [111]三种取向的DD6单晶高温合金的低周疲劳寿命进行了实验研究。结果表明 ,取向对其低周疲劳寿命有重要影响 ,[0 0 1]取向的寿命最高 ,[111]取向的寿命最低 ,通过引入应力幅值 ,可以在很大程度上消除取向的影响     

一种考虑各向异性的DD6单晶高温合金低周疲劳寿命预测方法

为研究DD6单晶合金低周疲劳性能,准确预测其低周疲劳寿命,基于循环损伤累积(CDA)寿命模型,引入取向系数,提出一种考虑晶体取向的CDA寿命修正模型,并对DD6单晶合金试棒进行了760℃低周疲劳试验。利用CDA寿命修正模型与Coffin-Manson寿命预测模型对试验数据进行分析、比较得到:DD6单晶合金低周疲劳性能[001]取向最优,[011]取向次之,[111]取向最差;CDA寿命修正模型在各晶体取向寿命预测分散性皆优于Coffin-Manson寿命预测模型,具有更好的预测精度;CDA寿命修正模型综合考虑取向相关系数对各取向低周疲劳寿命的影响,具有更广泛的适用性。     

非对称循环载荷下镍基单晶合金低周疲劳寿命预测

在680℃温度下进行[001]、[011]和[111]三种取向的DD3单晶合金光滑试样非对称循环载荷低周疲劳试验,结果表明,晶体取向对DD3单晶合金的应变疲劳寿命有显著的影响,[001]取向寿命最长,[111]取向寿命最短.用晶体取向函数修正总应变范围可以在很大程度上消除晶体取向对疲劳寿命的影响.引人参量k表示载荷循环特性对疲劳寿命的影响,它与循环寿命之间呈幂函数关系.根据影响单晶叶片低周疲劳寿命的主要因素,提出循环塑性应变能的计算方法,构成塑性应变能的主要因素应包括总应变范围、取向函数和载荷循环特性等影响参量,它们与塑性应变能之间呈幂函数关系.用塑性应变能作为损伤参量导出单晶合金低周疲劳寿命预测模型,利用低周疲劳试验数据进行多元线性回归分析,所有试验数据均落在2.6倍偏差的分布带内.     

单晶镍基高温合金在600～760℃下的低循环疲劳行为

研究[001]晶体取向的第二代单晶镍基高温合金DD6中温段下的低循环疲劳行为,实验温度为600℃,650℃,700℃和760℃,应变比为–1。结果表明:在此温度范围内,合金呈现循环硬化特性;随着温度的升高,[001]晶体取向DD6合金的弹性模量有所降低,合金的应变-寿命关系与温度相关。采用考虑温度影响修正的循环损伤累积(CDA)模型对[001]晶体取向DD6合金在中温段下的低循环疲劳寿命进行统一预测,预测寿命值位于实验结果的±3倍分散带以内。     

基于刚度降模型的复合材料层合板疲劳寿命估算

基于有限元方法,把层合板的疲劳失效看作是单元刚度退化、应力重新分布和单元损伤不断累积的动态过程,提出了一种复合材料层合板疲劳寿命估算方法。利用MSC．Patran／Nastran建立了层合板有限元模型,进行了[0/90]4S和[-60／0／60]3S两种铺层方式的数值分析,静强度和疲劳寿命预测值与文献中的试验结果吻合较好。     

镍基单晶合金气冷叶片模拟试样的蠕变性能研究

对带孔和不带孔的某第二代镍基单晶合金平板试样进行了蠕变性能试验研究与有限元对比计算.高温蠕变试验表明, 平板试样的晶体取向和是否开孔对蠕变寿命有明显的影响.气膜孔导致蠕变寿命的降低, 对[001]取向的影响大于[111]取向.在高温低应力条件下, [001]取向的蠕变性能要优于[111]取向.有限元分析结果表明, 气膜孔改变了试样中的应力分布, 在孔附近产生了高应力, 导致模拟试验蠕变寿命的降低.有限元计算蠕变持久寿命与试验结果吻合, 说明采用基于分切应力的蠕变持久寿命计算模型是合理的.      

基于临界平面法的镍基单晶高温合金高周疲劳寿命模型

由于目前,国外已经基于八面体滑移系,采用临界平面法对镍基单晶高温合金〈001〉取向的高周疲劳寿命进行预测.然而,该方法未考虑〈111〉取向受载时滑移系参量的特点,所以不能较准确地预测镍基单晶高温合金〈111〉取向的高周疲劳寿命.为此,选取临界平面时综合考虑六面体、八面体滑移系,选定疲劳参量最大的滑移面作为临界平面,采用SSR(shear stress range),CCB(Chu-Conle-Bonnen),Walls寿命模型进行镍基单晶高温合金高周疲劳寿命预测,并根据800℃下DD6镍基单晶高温合金〈001〉,〈011〉,〈111〉3个取向的高周疲劳试验结果,对寿命模型的预测精度进行验证.结果表明:当基于两种滑移系预测镍基单晶高温合金的高周疲劳寿命时,寿命模型的拟合系数可达到0.9134.      

DD6单晶合金循环蠕变性能研究

采用含与不含气膜孔平板试样,研究了[001]、[011]和[111]晶体取向在980℃不同保载时间和应力条件下的镍基单晶合金DD6的循环蠕变性能。研究发现,DD6单晶合金的高温蠕变疲劳性能存在明显的方向性,试样形状及表面状态是影响单晶合金寿命的重要因素,特别是气膜孔的存在显著地降低了材料的循环蠕变寿命;不含气膜孔平板试样蠕变损伤起主要作用,含气膜孔平板试样疲劳损伤起主要作用。同时,在高温条件下,不同保载时间的蠕变和疲劳损伤对试件的破坏起重要作用,蠕变与疲劳的交互作用会大大缩短材料的使用寿命。     

铺层方式对CFRP-Al胶接接头疲劳行为的影响

通过Abaqus建立铺层方式为[0/90]_4s、[0/45/-45/90]_2s、[45/-45]_4s的碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)-铝合金单搭接胶接接头有限元仿真模型，使用循环内聚力模型(CCZM)模拟胶层的损伤演化过程，通过分析接头的刚度退化、裂纹扩展以及应力分布情况，探究铺层方式对CFRP-铝合金胶接接头疲劳行为的影响。将接头的疲劳寿命试验值与仿真值进行对比，验证该模型的有效性。结果表明：从[0/90]_4s到[0/45/-45/90]_2s再到[45/-45]_4s，随着CFRP层合板中±45°铺层所占比例的增加，接头损伤累积阶段占全部疲劳寿命的比例逐渐减小，疲劳裂纹扩展阶段占比逐渐增加。CFRP-铝合金胶接接头应力主要通过纤维由CFRP端向铝合金端传播，且在±45°铺层的交叉处出现的应力集中破坏了裂纹扩展速率沿搭接宽度方向的均匀性，随着±45°铺层所占比例的增加，接头搭接区域沿宽度方向的中部裂纹扩展速率与两侧区域的裂纹扩展速率差逐渐增大，胶层破坏所呈现...     

高温下拉伸保载对DD6单晶合金低周疲劳行为的影响

对[001]取向的DD6单晶合金在760℃和980℃两个温度下的低周疲劳行为进行了研究。结果表明,拉伸保载使得两个温度下的低周疲劳寿命都有不同程度的降低;在蠕变／疲劳过程中,DD6合金的微观变形机制主要表现为基体中的位错以位错对的形式切入γ'粒子中,而拉伸峰值中的保载使得切入γ'粒子中的位错有较充分的时间长大。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.