叶轮机械叶片颤振的影响参数

采用基于能量法的流固耦合数值预测方法对比研究了几个主要参数对叶轮机械叶片气动弹性稳定性的影响规律,并较深入地阐述了叶片颤振发作机理.以某型发动机第一级压气机叶片为例,在叶片的不同模态下,通过给定不同的进出口边界条件分别研究了叶片模态和叶间相位角对叶轮机械气动弹性稳定性的影响,并从叶片吸力面激波以及波后分离区共同作用的角度解释了叶轮机械叶片的颤振发作机理.计算结果表明:叶片模态和叶间相位角对叶轮机械叶片的颤振有关键性的影响,而吸力面激波以及波后分离区是导致叶片颤振发作的重要因素.      

压气机转子叶片颤振边界的预测方法

通过发展的基于能量法的颤振数值预测方法得到了压气机转子叶片的颤振边界.将计算结构动力学(CSD)分析得到的叶片表面节点位移插值到耦合面的流体网格点上,并将设计的多层动网格技术应用于计算流体动力学(CFD)方法,实现叶栅振荡作用下的非定常分析,得到叶片表面的非定常气动功以及模态气动阻尼比.以某第一级压气机转子叶片为例,对...     

压气机风扇叶片颤振预测和抑制的工程研究

通过能量法对某压气机风扇试验件叶片原型方案进行气弹稳定性预测,计算出该方案的颤振边界点.对其中气弹不稳定叶片的几何造型进行修改以提高气弹稳定性.通过原型和改型方案的叶片几何造型、气动性能、振动特性以及气弹稳定性的对比,从气动角度分析了压气机风扇叶片颤振的机理.获得了工程上抑制压气机风扇叶片颤振的有效手段,如增大叶片弦长、降低展弦比,增大叶片厚度、增强叶片刚性,减小攻角、改善流动状况.      

叶片排干涉对叶片颤振和强迫响应影响的研究

叶片排干涉对叶片颤振和强迫振动具有显著影响,采用多叶片排三维和二维半激盘模型对此进行了研究。分析表明,叶片排干涉效应与非定常扰动的传播特征及叶片相对轴向位置有关。对稳定性问题,能量法分析结果说明叶片排干涉使叶片更易失稳,但适当调整叶片相对轴向位置有可能提高叶片气动弹性稳定性。在由相邻叶片排尾迹诱导的强迫响应问题中,主要由阵风响应流场决定叶片的气动弹性行为,在亚共振模态下,占主导作用的势流阵风响应随叶片排轴向间距减小而迅速增强,故在叶轮机设计中,叶片排轴向间距不应低于一定的安全值,以免诱导过强的阵风载荷和叶片强迫响应     

Robust fault-tolerant control for wing flutter under actuator failure

Many control laws, such as optimal controller and classical controller, have seen their applications to suppressing the aeroelastic vibrations of the aeroelastic system. However, those control laws may not work effectively if the aeroelastic system involves actuator faults. In the current study for wing flutter of reentry vehicle, the effect of actuator faults on wing flutter system is rarely considered and few of the fault-tolerant control problems are taken into account. In this paper, we use the radial basis function neural network and the finite-time H_∞ adaptive fault-tolerant control technique to deal with the flutter problem of wings, which is affected by actuator faults, actuator saturation, parameter uncertainties and external disturbances. The theory of this article includes the modeling of wing flutter and fault-tolerant controller design. The stability of the finite-time adaptive fault-tolerant controller is theoretically proved. Simulation results indicate that the designed fault-tolerant flutter controller can effectively deal with the faults in the flutter system and can promptly suppress the wing flutter as well.     

基于能量法和特征值法的颤振预测数值方法研究

为研究适用于工程设计的颤振数值预测方法,采用能量法和特征值法对出现颤振现象的真实叶片进行预测。通过将2种数值方法的预测结果与试验结果进行对比,验证数值预测方法的精度和工程适用性。结果表明:2种方法都较准确的判断了某典型风扇转子叶片的气弹稳定性,与试验结果基本吻合,具有较高的工程实用价值。     

Aeroelastic prediction and analysis for a transonic fan rotor with the “hot” blade shape

This paper focuses on aeroelastic prediction and analysis for a transonic fan rotor with only its “hot” (running) blade shape available, which is often the case in practical engineering such as in the design stage. Based on an in-house and well-validated CFD solver and a hybrid structural finite element modeling/modal approach, three main aspects are considered with special emphasis on dealing with the “hot” blade shape. First, static aeroelastic analysis is presented for shape transformation between “cold” (manufacturing) and “hot” blades, and influence of the dynamic variation of “hot” shape on evaluated aerodynamic performance is investigated. Second, implementation of the energy method for flutter prediction is given and both a regularly used fixed “hot” shape and a variable “hot” shape are considered. Through comparison, influence of the dynamic variation of “hot” shape on evaluated aeroelastic stability is also investigated. Third, another common way to predict flutter, time-domain method, is used for the same concerned case, from which the predicted flutter characteristics are compared with those from the energy method. A well-publicized axial-flow transonic fan rotor, Rotor 67, is selected as a typical example, and the corresponding numerical results and discussions are presented in detail.     

跨音弯掠风扇转子叶片的气动弹性剪裁

跨音风扇进口级增压比的进一步提高,主要受两方面的制约,一是效率,二是气动弹性失稳。这两个因素与转子流场中的激波和激波诱导的大尺度分离紧密相关。激波结构又和转子叶片前缘空间曲线形状直接联系。因此,如何精心设计转子叶片前缘空间曲线形状来控制激波结构,就成了当代风扇气动力学的前沿,并导致风扇弯掠空气动力学概念的出现。在具体设计中,此问题可称之为气动与气动弹性综合剪裁。本文简述综合剪裁中的一个组成部分,即气动弹性剪裁问题,并对一个单级风扇转子叶片给出实例。     

突加高能载荷作用下航空发动机结构动态响应及安全性综述

航空发动机在服役期间可能遭受鸟撞、叶片丢失等突加高能载荷的作用,造成发动机整机/部件动力学特性恶化和关键构件的损伤,危及发动机的结构安全性。本文从突加高能载荷复现方法与传递规律、突加高能载荷作用下转子/整机结构响应研究、突加高能载荷作用下关键构件损伤机理三个方面综述了现有研究工作,并针对近年来发展的抗突加高能载荷的安全性设计方法进行了探讨,最后分析了突加高能载荷问题的科学本质及发展趋势,为突加高能载荷作用下航空发动机安全性设计提供了重要参考。     

叶片颤振抑制技术的研究

本文简要介绍了近年来在叶片颤振抑制技术方面所做的研究工作,包括全频段叶片颤振预估;叶片三心设计与抑制颤振特性;叶片错频抑颤特性;叶片气动弹性剪裁抑颤技术和“叶片颤振系列”实验等问题。     

Parametric study on the flutter sensitivity of a wide-chord hollow fan blade

In recent years, the hollow fan blades have been widely used to meet the demand for light weight and good performance of the aero-engine. However, the relationship between the hollow structure and the aeroelastic stability has not been studied yet in the open literature. In this paper,it has been investigated for an H-shaped hollow fan blade. Before studying the flutter behavior, the methods of parametric modeling and auto-generation of Finite Element Model(FEM) are presented. The influence of t...     

压气机叶片流固耦合数值计算

采用流固耦合方法对压气机单排跨声叶片进行气动弹性数值模拟.首先对压气机流场进行三维定常求解,并与试验结果进行比对.在定常流场分析的基础上,进行流固耦合计算,采用非定常方法分别求解流体域Navier-Stokes(N-S)方程和固体域结构动力学方程.耦合过程中,流体域和固体域在物理边界上进行能量传递.计算结果表明:所采用的流固耦合数值方法用于判断叶轮机械叶片气弹稳定性是可行的,可以得到叶片的瞬态响应,从而判断叶片是否发生颤振.      

叶片间相角对蒸汽轮机叶片颤振的影响

蒸汽轮机叶片的气动力衰减和叶片间相位角存在密切关系, 叶片间相角是决定蒸汽轮机叶片的气动弹性稳定性的重要因素, 应用可考虑叶片间相角变化, 适用于蒸汽轮机失速颤振预测的变形激盘法, 考察了叶片间相角对蒸汽轮机叶片的气弹稳定性的影响。      

叶片失速颤振发作机理的探讨

 本文对于现有的叶片失速颤振计算模型进行了一些改进,以期使其更接近于真实物理图画。计算结果表明,就槽道激波以及物面气流分离对于叶片气动弹性稳定性所起的作用来看,在单自由度纯弯振荡和双自由度弯曲主导振荡两种情况之下是具有实质性差别的。在文中对于一个实际转子的失速颤振边界进行了数值预测,并与相应的实验结果进行了对比。     

Coupled simulation of flow-structure interaction in turbomachinery

The aeroelastic behaviour of vibrating blade assemblies is usually investigated in the frequency domain where the determination of aeroelastic stability boundaries is separated from the computation of linearized unsteady aerodynamic forces. However, nonlinear fluid-structure interaction caused by oscillating shocks or strong flow separation may significantly influence the aerodynamic damping and hence effect a shift of stability boundaries. In order to investigate such aeroelastic phenomena, the governing equations of structural and fluid motion have to be simultaneously integrated in time.In this paper a technique is presented which analyses the flutter behaviour of turbomachinery bladings in the time domain. The structural part of the governing aeroelastic equations is time-integrated according to the algorithm of Newmark, while the unsteady airloads are computed at every time step by a Navier–Stokes code. The link between the two time integrations is an automatic grid generation in which the used mesh is dynamically deformed so that it conforms with the deflected blades at every time step.The computed time series of the aeroelastic simulation of an assembly of highly loaded compressor blades vibrating freely in transonic flow are presented. The energy transfer between fluid and structure is here dominated by vibrating shocks and shock-boundary layer interaction. It is investigated if the predicted aeroelastic stability boundaries differ from those of a linearised method.     

压气机转子叶片的抑颤设计(“两机”专刊)

以一高压压气机转子叶片为对象开展了叶片抑颤工程设计方法研究,采用基于相位延迟边界条件的能量法和特征值法对原转子叶片模型的气动弹性稳定性进行评估,通过分析近失速工况下的非定常气动功密度分布,对叶片安装角沿径向分布、弦长和叶尖间隙等设计参数进行调整,以明确各参数对气动弹性稳定性的影响,最终达到提高气动阻尼的目的。研究结果表明：叶尖间隙对气动阻尼的影响较大,安装角次之,弦长影响相对较小。叶片气动阻尼随叶尖间隙的变化并非单调,而是存在一个叶尖间隙使其气动阻尼最小,即叶片气动弹性稳定性最差。减小进口气流攻角和增加折合频率,能够提高气动阻尼,设计中可以通过调节安装角来减小气流攻角,增加弦长来增大折合频率。     

上下游叶排对压气机转子叶片气动弹性稳定性的影响

使用自行开发的流固耦合程序集,分别考虑压气机上下游叶排的影响对转子叶片气动弹性稳定性进行分析.使用全环气动弹性模型通过叶片在非定常流场中振幅随时间的变化历程计算转子叶片不同振型下的气动阻尼,分析了不同的叶排轴向间距下尾迹和势干扰对气动阻尼的影响规律.通过将考虑转静干涉效应的气动阻尼与单转子的结果作比较,总结了转子-静子结构和导叶-转子结构的干涉作用对转子叶片颤振特性的影响规律.结果表明:对于1阶弯曲模态,转子叶片气动弹性稳定性不随轴向间距单调变化;上游尾迹干涉作用和下游静子势干扰的增强会加剧1阶扭转模态失稳,但是却促进1阶弯扭耦合模态气动弹性稳定.      

基于谐波平衡法和 V-g 法的高效颤振预测分析

提出了一种高效的颤振预测分析方法,将之应用于跨声速颤振边界分析及结构参数影响研究中。本方法基于频域颤振分析 V-g 方法,为气弹系统提供一定的人工阻尼使之保持简谐运动状态,从而将结构动力学方程转换到频域内。然后通过高效的谐波平衡法得到一系列简谐运动频率下的气动力描述函数矩阵,结合频域结构方程,将气弹系统的稳定性问题转化为广义特征值求解。结果表明：本方法计算得到的颤振边界与高精度的时间推进方法非常吻合,分析效率有了明显的提升,而且当结构参数发生变化后,只需进行若干次广义特征值求解即可得到新的颤振边界,无需像时间推进方法一样开展大量的气动/结构耦合数值模拟。     

风扇/压气机叶型厚度对颤振特性的影响

采用计算流体力学与结构动力学相结合的方法,数值模拟了三维振荡叶栅非定常黏性流场;通过对叶片表面非定常气动力及其所做非定常气动功的计算分析,采用能量法对叶片颤振与否进行预估判断。针对三维直叶片和风扇转子叶片,通过调整叶片的相对厚度,研究了叶片厚度变化对风扇/压气机颤振特性的影响。此外,通过对振荡叶栅非定常流场结构的研究,发现了叶片吸力面气流分离与叶片振动之间的耦合关系。本文的研究在风扇/压气机设计中,可用于评估最大相对厚度等叶型结构设计参数对气弹稳定性的影响,对叶轮机颤振机理研究具有一定的参考意义。     

叶轮机超音速非失速颤振边界研究

把叶片简化为具有对称截面、长、直、带预扭的非均匀弹性梁 ,并结合超音速状态下计算由振动引起的非定常气动载荷的气动模型 ,用哈密尔顿原理建立一组旋转状态下失调叶栅气弹稳定性方程 ;这组方程对弯曲—弯曲—扭转之间耦合严重的失调叶栅尤有意义。对一个风扇级进行的气弹稳定性分析结果表明 :失调及其幅度、阶次 ,扭心位置 ,耦合效应及其程度对叶栅气弹稳定性有明显的影响