用小波变换对机匣处理抑制旋转失速的机理研究

本文利用小波变换对轴流压气机旋转失速时的压力信号进行时频分析。通过Ｍｏｒｌｅｔ连续小波变换,详细分析压气机失稳过程中非定常信号的变化,并研究旋转失速初始扰动信号在处理机匣气室中的局部行为。通过对比实壁机匣与处理机匣的失速初始信号相干波形的结构特性,发现不同机匣结构对相干波形结构中压力脉动信号的不同影响,提出处理机匣抑制旋转失速初始扰动发展的机理。     

An Optical Technique for Simultaneous Beamforming and Cross-Correlation

This paper presents a method of greatly simplifying the processing of received signals from antenna arrays through the use of a coherent optical system for signal processing. It is shown that a coherent optical system is ideally suited for carrying out beamforming operations. Several other advantages of coherent optics for this application are also discussed. A major result is a technique for forming several unambiguous beams simultaneously by correlating the signals from two linear arrays. The coherent optics technique permits this operation to be carried out with extreme simplicity.     

Angle of arrival estimation of coherent signals using an arraydoublet in motion

Shown here is how the estimation of signal parameters via relational invariance techniques (ESPRIT) algorithm may be used with a single pair of antennas in motion to estimate angles of arrival (AOA) for coherent signals. The approach exploits the Doppler frequency shifts caused by the doubler in motion. With this estimator, the number of signals that can be handled is not limited by the size of the array, as in the usual ESPRIT application, but by an adjustable parameter. A theoretical performance analysis of the estimator and typical examples showing the use of this estimator are given     

相参雷达典型干扰信号产生及关键技术

介绍了一种基于DRFM的相参雷达典型干扰样式信号产生方法,并对其关键技术进行了研究。该干扰信号能够携带雷达发射信号的相位等细微特征信息,可以用于在实验室条件下对相参雷达进行抗干扰性能测试。     

Pulse Compression in Optical Radar

An analysis of the application of pulse-compression techniques in optical radar systems is presented. The particular case of pseudorandom on-off amplitude coding is chosen for ease of analysis. The roles of the siqnal and photodetector properties and the processing method are examined. The qualitative relationship between the concepts of coherent and incoherent integration in microwave radar and linear and nonlinear processing in optical radar is demonstrated, thus validating the application of pulse-compression techniques with optical signals. Finally, an experimental simulation of an optical rangefinder has been constructed to illustrate various findings of the analysis.     

用子波系数概率密度函数研究湍流多尺度结构的间歇性

用热线风速仪在充分发展平板湍流边界层中测量流向速度信号的时间序列并进行湍流多尺度结构统计特性的实验研究。用热线风速仪以高于对应最小湍流时间尺度的分辨率精细测量风洞中平板湍流边界层不同法向位置的流向速度分量的时间序列信号,用子波分析对湍流脉动速度信号进行多尺度分解,将推广的自相似性(ESS)应用于子波分析。用子波系数的概率密度函数验证了多尺度相干结构对间歇性的影响,并证明与距壁面距离有关。对比研究了提取湍流边界层多尺度相干结构前后湍流多尺度结构函数间歇性的变化规律及概率密度函数的变化规律,验证了多尺度相干结构是湍流边界层产生奇异标度律的原因。当这些相干结构被分离出后,由子波系数计算的ESS标度律就回到K olm ogorov线性标度律,这一现象在整个湍流边界层都是很明显的。      

北斗B1 QPSK调制信号的高灵敏度捕获算法

卫星信号在复杂环境中功率存在衰减,导致其低于接收机正常捕获范围,给信号捕获带来较大困难。在分析北斗B1频点信号体制及研究码并行捕获算法基础上,提出了针对北斗B1 QPSK调制信号的双通道并行搜索捕获算法,设计了优化的相干、非相干码并行捕获算法,解决了信噪比较低环境中北斗卫星信号捕获困难的问题。利用卫星信号模拟器产生的仿真信号对双通道并行捕获算法和相干、非相干累加捕获算法进行验证与分析,结果表明,前者性能明显优于单通道捕获,后者较普通捕获算法具有更理想的捕获灵敏度。     

高动态扩频信号的捕获跟踪与解调

本文给出了一种高动态扩频信号的跟踪解调方法，采用数字平方环载波捕获跟踪，并实施数字下变频对无载波频率变化的扩频信号进行简单相干积累解扩解调，变二维捕获过程为两个一维捕获过程，简化了高动态情形设计方案。     

Multiple-Tone Signals and Detection Probabillities

An analysis technique is presented for multiple-tone signals insystems employing noncoherent integration of a square-law detectoroutput. It is shown how the characteristic function for the teststatistic can be found from the easily determined "coherent"characteristic function defined in the two-dimensional signal space.This result is applied to two detection problems, the detection of multiple-tone signals in Gaussian noise and the detection of a Gaussian signal in multiple-tone plus Gaussian noise interference.The detection curves are compared to an approximation that is often used in practice to estimate performance. It is found that detection performance in the presence of multiple-tone interferences can be significantly different from that in the presence of Gaussian noise alone.     

一种高动态低信噪比卫星导航信号捕获方法

为提升高动态低信噪比环境下卫星导航信号的捕获性能,提出了一种基于分数阶傅里叶变换(FrFT)及部分匹配滤波(PMF)的捕获方法。在该方法中,接收机首先利用PMF对接收信号做分段相干积分,随后借助快速傅里叶变换(FFT)对分段积分结果做离散快速FrFT,最后通过检测FrFT输出的峰值完成信号的捕获。由于具有多普勒频率变化率的卫星导航信号在FrFT后呈现能量聚焦特性,所提方法能够显著提高信号的长时间相干积分增益。同时对所提算法的捕获概率、平均捕获时间以及算法复杂度等性能指标进行了理论分析及计算机仿真验证。仿真表明,与传统的PMF-FFT方法相比,所提方法能够通过延长相干积分时间的方式有效提升高动态低信噪比卫星导航信号的捕获概率、降低捕获时间。     

脉冲雷达探测中高轨道目标方法及试验

通过分析中高轨目标雷达回波信号特性,给出一种基于空间目标动力学约束的回波信号相参积累方法,介绍了信号积累模式下中高轨道目标的参数测量方法。通过对国内某型号雷达进行中高轨目标探测支路改造及相关试验,获取试验数据并对其进行分析,验证了原理的正确性和方法的可行性。     

Staggered Costas Signals

A radar signal, based on coherent processing of a train of staggered Costas bursts, is suggested and investigated. The selection of sequences of each burst is based on a minimum number of collocation of their individual ambiguity function sidelobe peaks. The resulting ambiguity function combines qualities of both "thumbtack" and "bed of nails" signals. Comparison with linear-FM, V-FM, and complementary phase coded (CPC) signals is given, as well as comparison with hybrid signals consisting of both phase and frequency coding.     

一种平稳小波方向能量阈值滤波的SAR图像去噪方法

由于SAR图像相干斑噪声是非高斯分布的,无法直接采用光学成像系统的去噪技术处理,因此,目前还没有真正的理想算法广泛适用于SAR图像去噪.在分析目前流行的空频域去噪方法优缺点的基础上,提出了1种小波域SAR图像去噪方法.为了克服离散小波变换缺乏平移不变性及方向选择性受限的缺点,该方法利用平稳小波将图像分解为低频逼近信号和...     

嵌套阵列最大似然估计测向算法

针对在辐射源个数未知的条件下嵌套阵列难以估计多个辐射源角度的问题,提出了基于最大似然估计(MLE)的嵌套阵列角度估计算法。算法在嵌套阵列模型的基础上,首先通过推导阵列截获多辐射源信号的最大似然函数及其梯度,利用最速下降法估计出空域中所有潜在辐射源的角度;然后,通过多元假设检验,利用最大似然比与门限进行比较,确定出空域中所有潜在辐射源中某一时刻发射信号的活跃辐射源角度,排除其余噪声形成的虚假辐射源角度,解决了在辐射源个数未知条件下嵌套阵列对多个辐射源角度估计问题。仿真结果表明:与传统多重信号分类(MUSIC)算法相比,该算法在辐射源数目未知、存在相干信号、低信噪比(SNR)、低快拍数条件下,均具有较好的角度估计精度,并且算法形成的虚拟阵列自由度是空间平滑MUSIC算法的2倍;多元假设检验法比传统信源数目估计算法在低信噪比条件下和处理相干信号方面具有明显优势。     

一种基于协方差矩阵重构的相干信源DOA估计算法

针对空间相干信源的波达方向估计问题,提出了一种基于协方差矩阵重构的TSVD-ESPRIT算法。它利用包含所有信源信息的特征向量构造Toeplitz协方差矩阵,避免了阵列有效孔径的损失,分辨率高且稳定性好;并且利用ESPRIT算法代替MUSIC算法进行DOA估计,避免了谱峰搜索,大大降低了计算量。数据仿真和分析证明了该算法的正确性和有效性。     

Weight effects on the periodic ambiguity function

CW radar signals and processors are discussed. The use of the periodic ambiguity function (PAF) to analyze the delay-Doppler performance of CW signals and their corresponding correlation receivers, is extended to include weight function effects. This work provides tools which can predict the delay-Doppler response of almost any phase-coded CW radar. Examples demonstrate that a combination of CW signals having perfect periodic autocorrelation, a matched reference signal with a large number of modulation periods and a smooth weight function, can create a delay-Doppler response with extremely low sidelobes, strongly resembling the response of a coherent pulse train     

Direct position determination using single moving rotating linear array: Noncoherent and coherent processing

To improve the resolution and accuracy of Direct Position Determination (DPD), this paper investigates the problem of positioning multiple emitters directly with a single moving Rotating Linear Array (RLA). Firstly, the geometry of the RLA is formulated and analysed. According to its geometry, the intercepted noncoherent signals in multiple interception intervals are modeled. Correspondingly, the MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) based noncoherent DPD approach is proposed. Secondly, the synchronous coherent pulse signals are individually considered and formulated. And the coherent DPD approach which aims for localizing this special type of signal is presented by stacking all array responses at different interception intervals. Besides, we also derive the constrained Cramér-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) expression for both noncoherent and coherent DPD with RLA under the constraint that the altitudes of the emitters are known. At last, computer simulations are included to examine the performance of the proposed approach. The results demonstrate that the localization accuracy and resolution of DPD with single moving linear array can be significantly improved by the array rotation. In addition, coherent DPD with RLA further improves the resolution and increases the maximum emitter number that can be localized compared with the noncoherent DPD with RLA.     

Phase-Coded Interrupted CW Signals and Processors

High resolution radars require signals with large time-bandwidth product such as CW signal and coherent pulse train (CPT). We discuss a phase-coded interrupted CW (ICW) signal which is the combination of CW signal and CPT. Phase codes used here are with perfect periodic autocorrelation. The periodic ambiguity function of ICW signals is studied including single-carrier signal and multi-carrier signal. It is interesting that the gate function has different effects on two signals and contributes to a multi-carrier ICW signal which yields nearly perfect autocorrelation. Meanwhile we also suggest an efficient receiver approach to ICW signals, which can reduce the computational burden of the processor and utilize the good properties of P3 and P4 codes.     

Tests of Direct-Sampling Coherent Detection with a Laboratory Analog-to-Digital Converter

Phase accuracy and simplicity advantages of a direct-sampling coherent detection (DCD) system were demonstrated by computer simulation in earlier correspondence. This correspondence reviews the DCD approach and reports the results of experiments involving digitized samples of analog signals taken by a high-quality, off-the-shelf A/Dconverter. IF signals near 10, 20, and 30 MHz were sampled at 5 MHzresulting in rms DCD phase errors generally below 0.50 compared witherrors less than 0.20 computed in the earlier simulations.     

基于改进TLS-ESPRIT算法的相干定位信号波达方向空间平滑

针对室内角度定位,在定位信号相干条件下无法实现准确估计波达方向(DOA)的问题,提出了一种基于TLS-ESPRIT算法的双向空间平滑方法。该算法先对定位相干信号进行双向空间平滑处理,然后用TLS-ESPRIT算法进行DOA的精确估计,使其最大限度地利用信号子空间的信息,从而解决了算法计算过程中输出信号的协方差矩阵秩亏损情况。该算法能够准确实现定位信号相干条件下DOA估计,与传统的空间平滑结合其他改进ESPRIT算法相比,具有更好的平稳性及抗干扰能力。最后通过仿真实验验证了算法的有效性和稳定性。