Abundances of Light Elements

This paper briefly reviews a few relevant features about the abundances of light elements (D, ⁴He, ⁶Li, ⁷Li, ⁹Be) in the Milky Way. It places special emphasis on metal-poor stars. Observational concerns are discussed. The use of ⁷Li and ⁶Li as cosmological probes and of ⁹Be as a chronometer for the early evolution of our Galaxy are discussed.     

超轻型Mg—Li合金

Ｍｇ－Ｌｉ合金具有高的比强度和比模量,在航天及航空等领域中具有广阔的发展前景。本文详细介绍了Ｍｇ－Ｌｉ合金的发展现状及性能改善的途径。     

一个有理递归序列解的稳定性条件研究

方程xn 1=(a bx2n)/(c x2n-k),a,b,c∈[0,∞),a b>0,n,k∈{0,1,2…}的解有很多有意义的性质.Li证明了当a相似文献   

Lithium Abundance in Pop.II Stars A post-HIPPARCOS discussion

The relation between the lithium abundance observed in Population II stars and the primordial abundance, is still an open question (see Cayrel and Duncan, this meeting). A few recent results are discussed. HIPPARCOS data show that the standard model of stellar evolution can explain the 6Li detection in HD 84937, suggesting a negligible depletion of 7Li. A slope in the Li/Teff relation for Pop II dwarfs and a spread of their Li abundance have been advocated, and both used as arguments in favor of Li depletion. The slope is not confirmed when two other independent temperature scales are used. The Li scatter around the plateau is hardly larger than the scatter predicted from determination errors. Hints from a scatter of Li in subgiants of the globular cluster M92 are not completely conclusive. The determination of more accurate Li abundances in the Pop II stars is an urgent but difficult task, requiring better model atmosphere (better convection treatment) and the help of observational data about Pop II stars (such as long base interferometry).     

Al-Li-Mg-Si合金时效行为及力学性能的研究

研究了加入1. ７％ Ｌｉ对Ａｌ－Ｍｇ－Ｓｉ合金的时效析出行为及拉伸性能的影响,用Ｌｉ－ｖ 模型阐述了Ｌｉ使Ａｌ－Ｍｇ－Ｓｉ合金时效下行为发生转变的机制：Ｌｉ与空位优先结合,抑制了位错环的形成及Ｓｉ, Ｍｇ 原子的扩散和聚集,从而推迟和限制了Ｇ．Ｐ．区的形成,因此, Ａｌ－Ｌｉ－Ｍｇ－Ｓｉ合金中δ'相是主要强化相,Ｍｇ２Ｓｉ相只有经长时间的人工时效才能在基体中均匀析出。探讨了形变时效对Ａｌ－Ｌｉ－Ｍｇ－Ｓｉ合金组织和性能的影响,结果表明,时效前的预变形显著提高了Ａｌ－Ｌｉ－Ｍｇ－Ｓｉ合金的时效硬化速率和峰值强度,同样变形６０％ 的Ａｌ－Ｌｉ－Ｍｇ－Ｓｉ合金与不含Ｌｉ的合金相比,具有相近的强度和延伸率,但前者具有较低的密度和较高的弹性模量,因此,Ａｌ－Ｌｉ－Ｍｇ－Ｓｉ合金表现出良好的应用前景。     

预变形对铝锂合金强度和韧性的影响

研究了时效前预变形对铝锂合金强度和韧性的影响,分析了时效前的预变形使冲压体件强度和塑性提高的原因。结果表明：铝锂合金2090与时效处理相匹配的最佳预变形量为5%～10%;而对于Mg/Cu=0.4的8090,其预变形量以6%～8%为佳;对于Mg/Cu=0.8的8090,其预变形量以2%～6%为佳。     

再谈王维“窃”李嘉佑诗

王维"窃"李嘉佑诗,是唐人留给后人一个值得不断研究的问题。自唐以来,对它的讨论从未停止,在长期的讨论中形成了四种主要观点:王维"窃"李嘉佑诗;王维非"窃"李嘉佑诗;李嘉佑"窃"王维诗;王李各有此句诗。要判断以上观点,就需要研究清楚三个问题:其一、王维、李嘉佑生年问题;其二、王维创作《积雨辋川庄》的时间问题;其三、李嘉佑有没有可能创作出这样的诗句。并可借以认定,王维非"窃"李嘉佑诗。     

Al-Li合金中超点阵相的研究

 用常规透射电子显微术(TEM)、高分辨电子显微术(HREM)、点阵象模拟和动力学衍身模拟技术研究了Al-2.54Li-1.24Cu-1.01Mg-0.13Zr(AA8090)中的超点阵相。结果证实了Al_3Li和Al_3Zr相的晶体结构符合Silcock提出的模型,并发现,Al-Li-Cu-Mg-Zr合金中同时存在Al_3Zr、Al_3Zr相和Al_3Li/Al_3Zr共生体。在纯二元Al-Li合金中,Al_3Li相主要在淬火过程中调幅分解;在多元合金中,Al_3Li相以第二相质点为核心的析出也是一种重要的形式。     

快速凝固铝合金粉末表面氧化的研究

应用光电子能谱(Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis)系统研究了快速凝固纯铝粉末及高强Al-7.52n-2.0Mg-2.0Cu,高温Al-4Mn-4Ni-0.6Mg-0.6Zr和超轻Al-3.2Li-1.1Mg-0.3Cu-0.2Zr合金粉末表面结构及氧化层厚度和组成,探讨了合金元素,粉末尺寸及储存条件对粉末表面结构及氧化状况的影响。     

时效对快速凝固铝锂合金组织和性能的影响

研究了时效对快速凝固Ａｌ—３．２Ｌｉ—１．２Ｍｇ—０．３Ｃｕ—０．２Ｚｒ合金拉伸性能和微观组织的影响。结果表明,低温长时间时效达到接近峰值状态,合金的综合性能优于高温短时间时效达到峰值状态的综合性能。合金中主要强化相为δ＇（Ａｌ３Ｌｉ）相,Ｃｕ、Ｍｇ起固溶强化。合金中Ｚｒ主要以亚稳态的Ａｌ３Ｚｒ存在,并同时与δ＇相形成（δ＇／Ａｌ３Ｚｒ）相。文中讨论了影响合金塑性的因素,指出界面析出相是快速凝固Ａｌ—Ｌｉ合金中值得重视的问题。     

国外航天材料的新进展

航天技术发展推着航天材料的进步，本文简略介绍了国外航天材料，重点是高性能Ａｌ－＝Ｌｉ合金和先进复合材料的新进展。     

Aerospace and military battery applications

This paper gives a review of the papers presented at the IEEE 17th Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances, Long Beach, CA, USA, 2002. The topics covered are: Li batteries for satellites, capacity fade of Li-ion cells cycled at different temperatures, Ni-H/sub 2/ battery lifetime, batteries for Mars-exploring vehicles, Li-ion cell performance enhancement at low temperatures, navy service batteries, and US Army man portable applications and mobile power challenges.     

稀土元素及杂质在铝锂合金中的作用研究现状与发展

 综述了稀土元素和杂质对铝锂合金微观组织及力学性能的作用,概括了杂质致脆及稀土微合金化的规律与机制,根据已有研究结果,对目前铝锂合金的发展与应用中需要引起重视的问题,提出了某些观点与建议。     

快速凝固Al－Li－Mg－Cu－Zr合金粉末除气过程中的表面反应

研究了未除气及３５０℃／２ｈ,４５０℃／２ｈ,５００℃／２ｈ除气快速凝固（ＲＳ）Ａｌ－Ｌｉ－Ｍｇ－Ｃｕ－Ｚｒ合金粉末表面结构及氧化层厚度和组成,探讨了除气过程中粉末表面的化学反应。结果表明,通常不含Ｌｉ的铝合金粉末除气工艺对ＲＳＡｌ－Ｌｉ合金的效果不明显。     

Fatigue crack propagation of new aluminum lithium alloy bonded with titanium alloy strap

A new type of aluminum lithium alloy (Al-Li alloy) Al-Li-S-4 was investigated by test in this paper. Alloy plate of 400 mm · 140 mm · 6 mm with single edge notch was made into samples bonded with Ti-6Al-4V alloy (Ti alloy) strap by FM 94 film adhesive after the surface was treated. Fatigue crack growth of samples was investigated under cyclic loading with stress ratio (R) of 0.1 and load amplitude constant. The results show that Al-Li alloy plate bonded with Ti alloy strap could retard fatigue crack propagation. Retardation effect is related with width and thickness of strap. Flaws have an observable effect on crack propagation direction.     

航空测试实验室管理体系及过程控制方法探讨

通过对ISO/IEC17025:2005<检测和校准实验室能力的通用要求>及DILAC/AC01:2005<检测实验室和校准实验室能力认可准则>的深入研究,结合实际工作经验,提出了应用过程的分析方法,建立了航空测试实验室管理体系,既满足了标准的要求,又符合航空测试实验室的实际,实现了航空测试试验的过程控制,确保了测试结果的准确可靠.     

添加微量Sc对Mg-3Li合金高应变率变形行为的影响

利用Hopkinson压杆对Mg-3Li和Mg-3Li-1Sc合金进行了高应变率冲击实验,分析了添加少量Sc对Mg-3Li合金冲击变形行为及其应变率效应的影响.结果表明,在1350s～3000s-1应变率范围内,两种合金的动态应力-应变行为均表现出显著的应变率强化效应.但随应变率继续升高,合金的动态变形行为转为应变率弱...     

Origin and Evolution of the Light Nuclides

After a short historical (and highly subjective) introduction to the field, I discuss our current understanding of the origin and evolution of the light nuclides D, ³He, ⁴He, ⁶Li, ⁷Li, ⁹Be, ¹⁰B and ¹¹B. Despite considerable observational and theoretical progress, important uncertainties still persist for each and every one of those nuclides. The present-day abundance of D in the local interstellar medium is currently uncertain, making it difficult to infer the recent chemical evolution of the solar neighborhood. To account for the observed quasi-constancy of ³He abundance from the Big Bang to our days, the stellar production of that nuclide must be negligible; however, the scarce observations of its abundance in planetary nebulae seem to contradict this idea. The observed Be and B evolution as primaries suggests that the source composition of cosmic rays has remained ∼constant since the early days of the Galaxy, a suggestion with far reaching implications for the origin of cosmic rays; however, the main idea proposed to account for that constancy, namely that superbubbles are at the source of cosmic rays, encounters some serious difficulties. The best explanation for the mismatch between primordial Li and the observed “Spite-plateau” in halo stars appears to be depletion of Li in stellar envelopes, by some yet poorly understood mechanism. But this explanation impacts on the level of the recently discovered early “⁶Li plateau”, which (if confirmed), seriously challenges current ideas of cosmic ray nucleosynthesis.     

Zr对Al-Li合金热轧板材的再结晶温度、各向异性和织构的影响

研究了Zr元素对Al Li二元合金热轧板内织构、各向异性以及再结晶温度的影响 ,发现微量的Zr(0 .0 8% )即可起到抑制再结晶的作用 ,Zr含量增加 (0 .14% )时 ,热轧板材的组织细化 ,合金的强塑性提高。从实验结果还可以看出 ,Al Li二元合金的各向异性除受材料内部的晶体学织构影响外 ,其他因素 (如合金内第二相粒子的特性 )的影响也很大