改进的柠檬酸盐溶胶-凝胶法制备四方相纳米尺寸钛酸钡粉体

柠檬酸盐溶胶-凝胶法制备钛酸钡粉体具有操作简单、粉体粒度细小、生产成本低的特点,但是制备过程中胶体的稳定性很难控制,限制了其方法的发展.根据胶体的形成机理和条件,对目前的研究工艺进行优化,制备过程中不引入H 和NO3-,在提高胶体稳定性的基础上,于700℃左右煅烧获得了各向同性、粒径约20nm的四方相BaTiO3粉体,解决了普遍存在的BaTiO3粉体粒径细小与四方相的矛盾,煅烧温度也较常规方法明显降低.     

铁氧体吸收剂粉体的煅烧工艺研究

研究了铁氧体吸收剂粉体的煅烧工艺对粉体的性能、形貌和相组成的影响.研究表明,粉体的形貌和相组成对其复数磁导率有较大影响.经过对煅烧工艺进行优化,制备出了较高性能的吸收剂粉体.     

硝酸根与柠檬酸的摩尔比对低温燃烧合成钛酸钡的影响

以Ba(NO3)2-TiO2-C6H7O8@H2O为体系,在600℃的加热温度下进行低温燃烧合成实验,制得粒度为200n～350nm的四方相BaTiO3陶瓷粉体.研究表明体系中硝酸根与柠檬酸的摩尔比为2.5～3.0时,体系燃烧最完全,形成比表面高(2.47m2/g)、颗粒细小、孔隙率大的钛酸钡粉末.     

ZrO_2晶须增强多孔ZrO_2陶瓷基复合材料的制备和性能

以ZrO(NO3)2·2H2O和四方ZrO2晶须为原料,采用醇-水溶液加热法并结合冷冻干燥法制备了多孔ZrO2(w)/ZrO2陶瓷基复合材料。研究了四方ZrO2晶须对多孔ZrO2(w)/ZrO2复合材料相成分、微结构、热导率及抗压强度的影响。结果表明,ZrO2晶须可以有效抑制ZrO2由四方相转变为单斜相,当烧结温度为1100℃时,多孔ZrO2(w)/ZrO2复合材料全部为四方相,其热导率远小于全部为单斜相的多孔ZrO2陶瓷,抗压强度明显大于多孔ZrO2陶瓷。     

纳米结构莫来石粉体喂料的制备与表征

环境障涂层（Environmental barrier coating,EBC）是设立在服役环境和发动机材料之间阻止或减小环境对发动机侵蚀的表面防护层。莫来石具有良好的耐高温性、化学兼容性、抗氧化性和导热性,被视为环境障涂层的重要材料。对纳米结构莫来石粉体喂料的制备工艺进行了研究,目的是制备出球形度好、表面光滑、流动性好、致密度高的纳米结构粉体喂料。以纳米Al2O3、SiO2粉体为原材料,采用湿法球磨、喷雾干燥、固相烧结的方法制备了用于环境障涂层的纳米结构莫来石粉体喂料。借助X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜研究了粉体喂料在不同热处理温度下的组织与形貌。结果显示,1300℃+150 min的固相烧结的球形度与喷雾干燥所得的球形度保持一致,表面也较为光滑,缺陷较少,莫来石粉体喂料的粒径在60μm左右,晶粒为纳米结构。     

BiFeO_3掺杂K_(0.5)Na_(0.5)NbO_3-LiSbO_3无铅压电陶瓷的相变及退极化性能研究

采用传统陶瓷常压烧结工艺,制备了BiFeO3掺杂0.95K0.5Na0.5NbO3-0.05LiSbO3(0.95KNN-0.05LS)无铅压电陶瓷,研究了该陶瓷的相转变、热滞与退极化性能。未掺杂和掺杂0.4mol%BiFeO3的0.95KNN-0.05LS陶瓷在室温下分别为正交相结构和正交相与四方相共存结构。掺杂后的陶瓷样品具有明显的热滞现象,热滞的温区约为300～380℃,对应陶瓷四方相与立方相共存的温区。所有陶瓷样品的平面机电耦合系数kp随温度的升高均减小,在300℃以下均有kp≥0.30。掺杂与未掺杂的KNN-LS陶瓷的退极化温度分别为360℃和370℃。     

Au/BaTiO3复合薄膜的PLD制备及其光学性质研究

用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)技术制备了掺杂金颗粒的钛酸钡复合薄膜Au/BaTiO3,用透射电镜和X射线光电子能谱对薄膜进行了表征,研究了其线性光吸收特性.结果表明,用复合靶和转靶的方法可以成功地制备金属纳米团簇复合薄膜,并且制备出的薄膜有良好的化学结构和物理特征.     

水热电泳沉积法制备C-AlPO_4高温抗氧化涂层及其表征

采用水热电泳沉积法在C/C-SiC复合材料表面制备了均匀的方石英型磷酸铝(C-AlPO4)高温抗氧化涂层。借助XRD和SEM对涂层的晶相组成和显微结构进行了表征。分析了C-AlPO4粉体在悬浮介质中的荷电机理,考察了C-AlPO4粉体在有机悬浮液中的分散稳定性;通过正交实验得到了C-AlPO4涂层的优化制备工艺;研究了此工艺条件下制备涂层的晶相、显微结构及抗氧化性能。结果表明:C-AlPO4由于吸附有机介质分子离解出的H+而荷正电,其悬浮液的分散稳定性在异丙醇中最好;制备C-AlPO4涂层的优化工艺条件为沉积电压220V,沉积时间25min,沉积温度100℃;抗氧化性能测试表明优化工艺条件下所制备的C-AlPO4涂层具有较好的抗氧化性能和抗热震能力,在1500℃的空气气氛下氧化37h后,涂层试样的失重率仅为0.53%。     

Gd2SiO5纳米粉体的并流化学共沉淀法合成

以Gd₂O₃和正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为原材料,采用并流化学共沉淀法合成Gd₂SiO₅粉体材料。研究Gd₂SiO₅前驱体的热响应特征、Gd₂SiO₅粉体的物相组成和微观形貌,并对Gd₂SiO₅粉体的合成机理进行初步探讨。结果表明:前驱体的低Gd/Si摩尔比和反应体系的高pH值会导致Gd₂SiO₅粉体生成Gd_9.33(SiO₄)₆O₂杂质相,相反则会导致生成Gd2O3杂质相。当Gd/Si摩尔比为20∶11、pH值为9~10、合成温度为1000~1300℃时,合成的粉体纯度较高,Gd₂SiO₅颗粒呈不规则形貌特征,平均粒度为100~200 nm。Gd₂SiO₅合成过程中,前驱体以一种—[Si—O—Gd]—网络结构存在,在煅烧过程中逐渐转化为Gd₂SiO₅晶体以及Gd_9.33(SiO₄)₆O₂和Gd₂O₃杂相。     

微晶钛合金薄板粉末包埋渗铝及铝硅共渗研究

采用粉末包埋法对电子束物理气相(EB- PVD)制备钛合金薄板在620℃分别进行6h渗铝及铝硅共渗,采用XRD、SEM等对EB- PVD制备钛合金薄板显微组织以及粉末包埋法渗铝及Al- Si共渗后的钛合金薄板显微组织结构进行研究.结果表明,微晶合金可以在620℃实现渗铝和铝硅共渗.渗铝层的相结构主要为Al3 Ti相,但由于渗层Al3 Ti相为脆性相,在渗后冷却过程中热应力的作用下,易产生裂纹.铝硅共渗层的相结构主要为Al3 Ti和Ti5 Si3相,由于Si存在渗层中,渗层中不存在裂纹.     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.