Al-Li-Cu-Mg-Zr合金的超塑性研究

Al-1.91Li-1.25Cu-0.46Mg-0.21Zr合金超塑性变形结果表明,最佳的时效工艺是400℃8h;冷轧工艺得到了比温轧(550％)更高的超塑性延伸率(630％);最佳超塑性变形工艺是T=500℃,(?)_i=3.33×10~(-3)s~(-1)(起始拉伸速度)。研究指出,Al-1.91Li-1.25Cu-0.46Mg-0.21Zr合金的超塑性预处理的时效工艺和轧制工艺影响了合金超塑变形初期的应变诱发再结晶,从而影响超塑性性能。超塑变形中的动态回变和动态再结晶是晶界滑动的重要协调机制之一。     

1420铝锂合金的晶粒细化及超塑性行为

采用一种新型形变热处理方法制备1420铝锂合金细晶超塑性板材,其再结晶平均晶粒尺寸约7μm.对细晶板材在温度范围450～570°C、应变速率5×10-41~×10-2s-1条件下进行高温超塑性拉伸,探求了对板材流动行为及组织演变的影响规律.在525℃和l×10-3s-1的变形务件下,板材呈现了最高延伸率,约为915%.     

冷轧态5B70合金超塑性行为研究

为了探究冷轧态5B70合金超塑性行为,利用高温拉伸试验对冷轧板材在不同参数下的变形规律进行研究。结果表明:在初始应变速率为5×10~(-4)～1×10~(-2) s~(-1)和拉伸温度为450～500℃范围内,冷轧5B70合金板材具有良好的超塑性;500℃为合金的最佳超塑性变形温度,1×10~(-3) s~(-1)为最佳初始应变速率,在最佳超塑性条件下合金的最大延伸率达到了670%,应变速率敏感性指数为0.43;在超塑性变形过程中,由于动态再结晶作用,原始纤维组织逐渐转变为等轴晶,并且晶粒明显细化;合金的超塑性变形是再结晶辅助下晶界滑移为主的变形机理,表现出了明显的晶间断裂特征。     

Ti3Al基合金板材的超塑性研究

研究非典型等轴细晶的两种不同轧制变形量的Ti3Al基合金热轧板的超塑性变形行为及其变形前后的显微组织。研究结果表明:该合金在超塑性变形过程中组织会转化为有利于超塑性的细小等轴组织。其在变形温度为940～1020℃,应变速率为2×10-4～2×10-3S-1时具有良好的超塑性,其最大伸长率可达859.5%,应变速率敏感指数达0.43,该合金超塑性变形的主要机制是晶界滑动,而且这种非典型等轴细晶条件下超塑性变形时晶内变形以及位错蠕变所起的作用比在等轴细晶态组织条件下的作用更为显著。对非典型等轴细晶的Ti3Al基合金热轧板,无需进行复杂热处理,也可以获得良好的超塑性,更具有工业意义。     

TC11钛合金的最大m值超塑性变形研究

介绍最大m值超塑性变形的试验方法和计算机控制系统,分析TC11钛合金采用该方法的超塑性变形特点。试验结果表明,经过细化处理的TC11钛合金,在900℃时恒应变速率试验的最大延伸率为1260%,采用最大m值变形方式可以获得异常高的超塑性,延伸率为2300%。TC11超塑性变形以晶界滑移为主,并伴随晶内位错滑移,最大m值法超塑性变形能够使动态再结晶充分发生,是提高钛合金塑性的有效方法。     

GH4169超塑性变形中的位错、动态回复和再结晶

在不同变形条件下,对GH4169细晶板材进行了超塑性拉断试验和不同应变量拉伸试验,采用TEM研究了GH4169超塑性变形中的位错、动态回复和再结晶行为.     

GH4169合金超塑性及其复杂构件超塑成形

对GH4169高温合金板材超塑性及超塑成形进行了研究.研究结果表明:在典型的超塑成形应变速率范围(10-3～10-4)内,细晶GH4169合金在较宽的温度范围(920℃～980℃)内的延伸率都高于250%,最高延伸率可达513%,应变速率敏感性指数m值都大于0.3;合金在超塑过程中发生了晶粒动态长大,并且超塑变形后仍为等轴晶;利用超塑成形方法研制出了飞行器用GH4169合金燃气岐管,并通过了30MPa液压压力、保压10min的打压试验及20MPa、保压5min的气密试验.     

低温超塑性钛合金的超塑性研究

对一种超塑性温度相对较低的双相钛合金SPZ的超塑性能进行了研究.结果表明:740～800℃,应变速率恒为1.11×10-3s-1时,SPZ合金的最大拉伸延伸率均超过1600%;760°C,合金的超塑延伸率可高达2149%.760℃,应变速率高达1.11×10-2s-1时,合金的超塑延伸率仍可达1380%.也就是说,700℃/1hAC处理后,SPZ合金在试验温度范围内具有低温高速超塑性.SEM观察发现,超塑变形前,合金的晶粒细小均匀,平均晶粒尺寸只有0.89μm;应变速率为2.22×10-3s-1,740℃,760℃变形后SPZ合金的晶粒尺寸分别为1.51μm,2.33μm.超塑性变形的微观机制是以晶界滑动为主,晶内变形以及位错蠕变起了协调作用.     

TC11合金最大m值超塑变形机理

众所周知,应变速率敏感性指数m值是材料超塑性能的重要特征参数,通常m值越大则超塑性越好。介绍了最大m值超塑变形的新方法。该方法的思路是：在塑性变形过程中,通过动态测定m值并实时控制变形速度,使m值始终保持最大值;同时结合TC11钛合金(Ti₆₅Al₃₅Mo₁₅Zr₀3Si) 高温拉伸实验,实现了最大m值超塑变形方法,在900 ℃拉伸时获得了最大延伸率2300%。由金相及电子技术分析发现TC11钛合金超塑性变形以晶界滑移为主,并伴随晶内位错滑移。最大m值法超塑性变形能够使动态再结晶充分发生,是提高钛合金塑性的有效方法。     

LD10锻铝合金超塑性预处理工艺的研究

本文叙述了预处理工艺在研究金属超塑性中的重要性。目前大多数工业铝合金皆仿照７０７５合金、７４７５合金预处理工艺方法进行，故而主要适用于板材超塑性成形。本文重点叙述了ＬＤ１０合金体积成形的超塑性预处理工艺中各个工艺步骤对超塑性的影响。棒材的预处理工艺步骤为固溶、过时效和镦拔。板材的预处理工艺步骤为固溶、过时效和轧制。超塑拉伸试验表明，经预处理的棒状试样，在４６０°Ｃ、ε为３．３３×１０￣－３Ｓ￣－１条件下获最高延伸率，δ为３５７％。经预处理的板状试样在４６０°Ｃ、ε为５×１０￣－３Ｓ￣－１条件下获最高延伸率８２０％。这一指标是现今所知的相近铝合金在最佳超塑拉伸变形条件下的最高值。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.