计量保证--机载计算机质量控制的关键

介绍了机载计算机研制过程中质量控制的关键即计量保证。详细论述了计量保证工作为保证机载计算机量值统一 ,实验数据准确可靠所发挥的巨大作用 ,以及科研生产中所使用的计量器具     

Quality and security, they work together

The importance of considering computer security as part of the software quality assurance practice is discussed. Issues that point to the need for integration of quality assurance and computer security disciplines are raised. To address some of these issues, the NASA Automated Information Security (AIS) program is presented as a model that may be used for improving interactions between the quality assurance and computer security community of professionals. The information presented does not comprise an answer to documenting all computer security interactions with quality assurance, but it does present a currently working baseline model and can serve as a basis for future research and discussion     

A study of flight-critical computer system recovery from spaceradiation-induced error

It is well known that space radiation, containing energetic particles such as protons and ions, can cause anomalies in digital avionics onboard satellites, spacecraft, and aerial vehicles flying at high altitude. Semiconductor devices embedded in these applications become more sensitive to space radiation as the features shrink in size. One of the adverse effects of space radiation on avionics is a transient error known as single event upset (SEU). Given that it is caused by bit-flips in computer memory, SEU does not result in a damaged device. However, the SEU induced data error propagates through the run-time operational flight program, causing erroneous outputs from a flight-critical computer system. This study was motivated by a need for a cost-effective solution to keep flight-critical computers functioning after SEU occurs. The result of the study presents an approach to recover flight-critical computer systems from SEU induced error by using an identity observer array. The identity observers replicate the state data of the controller in distinct data partitions. The faulty controller can be recovered by replacing data image of the faulty data partition with that of the healthy data partition. The methodology of applying such an approach from the fault tolerant control perspective is presented. The approach is currently being tested via computer simulation     

模拟式大气仪动态响应数字仿真

本文采用通用数字计算机对模拟式大气仪动态响应进行数字仿真,比用模拟计算机进行仿真要简单、方便,而且精度也较高。从仿真的计算结果可以尽快了解系统动态响应范围,能及时确定系统中各环节设计参数是否合理,以便进行修改设计。     

液体火箭发动机系统静态特性模拟

以往分析液体火箭发动机系统静态特性的程序都是针对特定的发动机系统编写的,这样的模拟程序缺少通用性,一旦发动机方案发生变化,要重新列系统方程与编程序进行模拟.本文采用基于元件模型的结点方法,探讨了在计算机上自动建立液体火箭发动机静态方程,并且进行数值模拟的方法.运用该软件,用户只要输入发动机元件参数和元件之间的连接关系,计算机就可以自动完成系统模拟工作.     

Concepts in Computer Control for Frequency Surveillance

The computer controlled frequency surveillance system utilizes a small computer in conjunction with a digital interface unit, to act as the controller between the computer and two completely programmable receivers. It operates in the frequency range from 20 Hz to 1 GHz with a programmed dynamic range of at least 120 dB. The system can, with proper programming, detect, analyze, correlate, and display all of the frequency information which the basic receivers are capable of intercepting. In addition, self-calibrating features are also included as well as the ability to make decisions based on the data received by the receiver. These decision making aspects, or branches in the program allow the frequency surveillance system to perform a multiplicity of functions, which can be predetermined. The basic concepts required in the development of a computer controlled frequency surveillance system are presented. Numerous applications are cited describing the far-reaching potentials inherent in this type of system. The functional operation of the system is discussed in relationship to the receiving systems and the computer programs.     

涡轴发动机/直升机综合控制仿真平台设计

建立了UH-60直升机/T700涡轴发动机综合控制数字仿真平台。基于VC++环境开发了包含UH-60直升机/T700涡轴发动机综合实时模型的上位机程序,与运行机载涡轴发动机+旋翼实时模型及在线优化控制模式的下位机程序。两者基于TCP/IP协议实时通讯,可进行模拟实际直/发综合优化控制的数字仿真实验。在该数字仿真环境下,分别给出了提高直升机常规飞行性能的多种优化控制模式仿真、变旋翼转速优化控制以及快速功率跟随控制模式仿真,充分表明该平台可为新一代直/发综合系统的开发研制提供一个可靠的前期数字仿真验证。     

超音进气道的亚音扩压器流场的数值计算和实验研究

本文对二维、亚音扩压管道中的粘性流动进行了数值计算,并对同样的扩压器模型进行了风洞吹风实验。 根据要计算的二维、亚音、壁面扩张角不太大的管道中的粘流,我们对N-S方程进行了抛物化假设,化成可沿流程推进求解的抛物型方程,再用有限差分进行计算。 经与实验结果对比,证明本文采用的结合零方程紊流模型,在几何流线坐标系下求解抛物型方程的方法对解决二维、亚音扩压管中分离区以前的流动问题,可得到满意的结果。     

C51程序优化技巧

介绍了几种对51系列单片机的C51程序进行优化的方法，它能有效地减少程序和数据存储空间，使单片机内有限的硬件资源得到充分的发挥。这些方法同样适用于其它C语言程序。     

全台压气机实验数据采集处理自动化

1.引言 压气机实验提出了更高的要求,测试系统不仅只具有数据采集的功能,而且是一个集控制、数据采集、实时处理、打印、绘图等于一体的多功能自动化测试系统。以此为目的,建立了一个以IBM PC/XT微型计算机为中心控制机的适于全台压气机实验的多功能大型数据采集处理自动化系统。     

The SDP-1 Stored-Program Computer

A stored-program computer could be used to advantage on small scientific spaeeraft because of its flexibility. This paper describes the design and programming of a stored-program computer specifically adapted to this particular application. In order to be suitable for use in a small scientific spacecraft, a computer must have the following characteristics: reliability, low power drain, light weight, small size, problem-solving power, and flexibility. To meet these requirements, a computer was designed that has 1024 words of program memory and 512 words of data memory. The words are 12 bits in length and both memories are randomly accessed. In order to protect the program, the program memory is of the nondestrutive read-out type. The data memory is the conventional read/write variety. The computer is organized such that the power drain is small and less hardware is required by restricting parallel gating of information, number of registers, and number and complexity of instructions. Considerable effort has been devoted to programming the computer. Analysis shows that it takes on the order of two milliseconds to perform one of the floating-point operations. These limitations should be acceptable; the computer is not expected to be required to perform extremely complex or lengthy computations.     

CIEM系统工程集成技术

 应用数据库技术、文档管理系统和通用数据文件格式实现大型计算机辅助设计集成系统的数据管理、信息交换,在统一执行控制系统的操作下,实现程序流的运行和数据流的管理,同时为用户提供良好的用户界面,这样形成了CIEM集成系统框架。在此基础上集成了飞机设计的大量应用程序和图形软件,形成程序流和数据流,即CIEM集成系统的集成技术。     

基于SOC的ACAS无线电高度信号激励测试的设计

本文介绍了一种以SOC为核心芯片用于机载防撞系统(ACAS)中符合ARINC552A标准无线电高度信号激励测试的软硬件设计方法.采用C8051F020型SOC芯片及OPA552等芯片搭建仿真电路,利用PDIUSBD12接口芯片建立与工控机的通讯,依据ARINC552A标准,用C51编写仿真控制程序,将仿真的ACAS无线...     

Data link communication equipment approved by USAF for civil air traffic control

Operations within civil airspace will transition from traditional ground-based air traffic control (ATC) to air traffic management (ATM), a concept that requires aircrews and ground managers to share responsibility of aircraft separation assurance. Increased levels of information exchange will be necessary for this concept to work safely; therefore, air-ground communications will transition from voice to data link communications. The nature of data link communications procurement requires that avionics suppliers not only verify their products meet contractual performance requirements, but also demonstrate that their products are compatible with civil communication networks and ATC. In addition, the USAF needs to demonstrate that their crew-training program is adequate to maintain the required level of aircrew proficiency and equipment can be maintained for the required level of system performance, integrity, and interoperability with the civil environment. This paper outlines some of the certification issues facing the USAF with respect to the "Approval for Use" of data link equipment to be used for communication with ATC. It will also suggest a methodology for the avionics supplier and USAF to obtain the approvals required to ensure the installation of data link communications equipment on military aircraft will remain interoperable with civil ATC.     

FORTRAN程序的可视化管理设计研究

FORTRAN语言是广泛用于数值计算的高级语言,但其可视化功能较弱,对现有的FOR-TRAN软件系统进行可视化改进设计具有重要的工程应用价值。探讨对FORTRAN程序进行可视化改进设计的方法,完成了一个基于VisualBasic环境下的FORTRAN程序的管理系统,实现了数据的可视化输入、数据传递、程序调用等功能。经算例测试,方法可行。     

A Distributed Intelligence Automatic Test System for PATRIOT

An automatic test system supporting high volume production testing of diverse state-of-the-art electronic assemblies is described. The test complex consists of a centralized computer system communicating to a network of satellite stations, each structured as "Intelligent Test Centers" dedicated to a particular family of assemblies (e.g., analog, digital, microwave). Allocation of resources and tasks have been distributed for optimum efficiency of production testing. This paper describes the organization and characteristics of the test system. Test center operation is explained with emphasis given to unique man-machine interactive features designed for on-line generation, examination, and maintenance of Unit-Under-Test (UUT) programs. Details are presented of the test language, RATEL, used for UUT programming. Other aspects that are discussed include test data and UUT program characteristics.     

基于WPF的民机试飞数据实时监控画面开发系统设计与研究

试飞数据实时监控程序是大型民机试飞过程中不可或缺的重要支持性工具。随着机载测试系统网络化进程的不断深入,数量庞大、类型复杂的试飞参数给监控程序的开发带来了巨大的挑战。基于WPF(Windows Presentation Foundation)平台,利用XAML文件的序列化和反序列化、反射、DataBinding等技术设计了一套用于开发试飞数据实时监控程序的系统。在设计端,系统以拖拽显示控件的方式实现监控程序的快速集成和管理,将以往数周的准备周期缩短为数小时;在运行端,系统利用三层架构可实时驱动数百台监控终端,为某型客机的首飞及取证试飞提供了技术支持。     

Implementing reusable, instrument independent test programs in thefactory

Development of computer programs that control test sequences on Automatic Test Equipment (ATE) is costly and time consuming. Test Programs are usually written by specifying the instruments to be used in the ATE and the sequence of the setup and measurement parameters for these instruments. Reuse of test program software on other ATE is usually not possible without rewriting, revalidating and re-releasing the programs. This paper describes an implementation of a test program software development system and a standard of software runtime architecture used in our factories. The object-oriented development environment and its associated class libraries allow test programs to be written without knowledge of the ATE on which they will be run. Two main principles guided the design: the software architecture was based on recognized formal and industry standards; and our implementation used commercial off-the-shelf software products when possible. Emerging standards such as the IEEE-1226 (ABBET) as well as defacto industry standards including VXI Plug and Play have made our implementation possible. The current draft of the ABBET and P&P standards do not promote this instrument independence, but it is hoped that this will be added as the standards mature. Three immediate benefits are: cost savings that result from reusing validated test programs; cycle time reductions that result from concurrently developing test program software and ATE; and software defect reductions that result from using proven software     

TDMS for aviation software

Quality assurance and testing phase is one of the most crucial phases in the life cycle of computer software. Most aviation software, due to the possible life-threatening consequences of failures, is subjected to intense testing. Frequently, this results in generation of enormous unorganized raw data files. Such data needs to be further processed and analyzed to get a meaningful insight into potential problem areas with the software. In this paper, we present the results of our study on designing and implementing a test management system specifically designed for testing aviation software. The paper has three major contributions. First, we present a survey of existing work. Second, we discuss the design for a test data management system, TDMS. Finally, we discuss some implementation issues encountered during the TDMS development.     

Absolute Radiometer for the Flow Field of a Hypervelocity Projectile

As part of a hypervelocity instrumentation development program, it was desirable to include a radiometer system for measuring absolute radiation from projectile flow fields. A system employing a photomultiplier tube was designed, and laboratory and range experiments were conducted to investigate its performance characteristics. The laboratory experiments show that the linearity, saturation, and noise characteristics are suitable for this measurement; the system bandwidth is adequate to allow low frequency calibrations to be applied to high frequency measurements; and a derived expression for radiometer sensitivity variation as a function of photomultiplier supply voltage is reasonably correct. The results of the range experiments imply that the system response is sufficient to reproduce accurately input pulses as narrow as one microsecond and that a particular analytical technique for calculating the form of the radiative input to the radiometer from the projectile stagnation region is valid. Principles involved in the design of photomultiplier radiometer circuits of this type are discussed in detail.