EBAA：An efficient broadcast authentication scheme for ADS-B communication based on IBS-MR

Automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast （ADS-B） systems can broadcast satellitebased aircraft position, identification, etc., periodically, and are now on track to replace radar to become the backbone of next-generation air traffic management （ATM） systems. However, ADS-B systems suffer severe cyber-security problems due to the broadcast-type data link and the lack of designed-in security measures. Especially, since ADS-B messages are unauthenticated, it is easy to insert fake aircraft into a system via spoofing or insertion of false messages. Unfortu- nately, the authentication for ADS-B messages has not yet been well studied. In this paper, based on identity-based signature with message recovery （IBS-MR）, an efficient broadcast authentication scheme for ADS-B messages is proposed. The security analysis demonstrates that the scheme can achieve authenticity and integrity of ADS-B broadcast messages, as well as adaptive evolution of broadcasters＇ private keys. The performance evaluation shows that the scheme is computationally efficient for typical avionics devices with limited resources. Furthermore, the scheme achieves low communication overhead since broadcast messages can be recovered from signatures, and thus it is suitable for low-bandwidth ADS-B data link.     

空中交通流量优化管理

研究了空中交通流量管理中的机场流量最优化问题,提出了解决目前日益严重的拥塞问题的一种方案,将机场流量利用最优化问题分解为两个子问题,以折考虑解的最优性及求解复杂性,针对两个子问题,提出了一种折考虑解的最优性及求解复杂性的线性规划数学模型,利用该模型,可以最有效地发挥系统功能,同是保证飞机飞行过程的有效隔离,最后,还给出了具体的实例分析,证实了所建模型的实用性。     

ATM performance measurement in Europe,the US and China

Air traffic management (ATM) performance and the metrics used in its assessment are investigated for the first time across the three largest ATM world regions: Europe, the US and China. The market structure and flow management practices of each region are presented. A wide range of performance data across these three regions is synthesised. For topological and performance assessment, the notion of a 'sufficient' sample is often non-intuitive: many metrics may behave non-monotonically as a function of sampling fraction. Missing and under-developed metrics are identified, and the need for a balance between standardisation and flexibility is proposed. Longitudinal and cross-sectional metric trade-offs are identified.     

自由飞行下基于集成学习的概率型冲突探测算法

空中交通流量的持续增加对中、短期飞行冲突探测的精度与处理大量目标的能力的要求更高,提出基于集成学习(ensemble learning)的冲突探测算法。首先,对飞机冲突过程建模,收集飞行样本;其次,提取飞机当前位置、速度矢量、向前看时间、待转弯时刻和转角为特征量,训练基本分类器,获得元数据集;然后,以支持向量机为二级分类器,元数据集为新的特征量,训练Stacking元分类器(meta classifier),分类阶段通过Sigmoid函数概率映射法输出冲突概率;最后进行仿真分析。结果表明:基于集成学习的冲突探测算法对冲突探测具有较高的准确率,使得虚警概率大幅下降,且适用于转弯飞行。     

数字化车间虚拟监控系统研究

传统的虚拟监控系统管理层与执行层信息交互能力不足,不能满足当前车间监控需求,基于虚拟现实技术与信息集成技术,建立车间状态监控系统,实现整个车间内人员、物料、设备等位置及状况的实时监控.系统以三维制造资源模型为基础构建数据逻辑模型;采用XML规范建立系统模块间的数据接口;利用实时状态数据驱动三维虚拟模型;利用Unity3D技术实现虚拟场景的渲染与实时人机交互,最后通过实例验证了系统的有效性.     

A data-driven approach to modeling high-density terminal areas: A scenario analysis of the new Beijing,China airspace

Airports are being developed and expanded rapidly in China to accommodate and pro-mote a growing aviation market. The future Beijing Daxing International Airport (DAX) will serve as the central airport of the JingJinJi megaregion, knitting the Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei regions together. DAX will be a busy airport from its inception, relieving congestion and accommodating growth from Beijing Capital International Airport (PEK), currently the second busiest airport in the world in passengers moved. We aim to model terminal airspace designs and possible conflicts in the future Beijing Multi-Airport System (MAS). We investigate standard arrival procedures and mathematically model current and future arrival trajectories into PEK and DAX by collecting large quantities of publicly available track data from historical arrivals operating within the Beijing terminal airspace. We find that (1) trajectory models constructed from real data capture aberrations and deviations from standard arrival procedures, validating the need to incorporate data on histor-ical trajectories with standard procedures when evaluating the airspace and (2) given all existing constraints, DAX may be restricted to using north and east arrival flows, constraining the capacity required to handle the increases in air traffic demand to Beijing. The results indicate that the termi-nal airspace above Beijing, and the future JingJinJi region, requires careful consideration if the full capacity benefits of the two major airports are to be realized.     

A multi-objective multi-memetic algorithm for network-wide conflict-free 4D flight trajectories planning

Under the demand of strategic air traffic flow management and the concept of trajectory based operations (TBO),the network-wide 4D flight trajectories planning (N4DFTP) problem has been investigated with the purpose of safely and efficiently allocating 4D trajectories (4DTs) (3D position and time) for all the flights in the whole airway network.Considering that the introduction of large-scale 4DTs inevitably increases the problem complexity,an efficient model for strategic level conflict management is developed in this paper.Specifically,a bi-objective N4DFTP problem that aims to minimize both potential conflicts and the trajectory cost is formulated.In consideration of the large-scale,high-complexity,and multi-objective characteristics of the N4DFTP problem,a multi-objective multi-memetic algorithm (MOMMA) that incorporates an evolutionary global search framework together with three problem-specific local search operators is implemented.It is capable of rapidly and effectively allocating 4DTs via rerouting,target time controlling,and flight level changing.Additionally,to balance the ability of exploitation and exploration of the algorithm,a special hybridization scheme is adopted for the integration of local and global search.Empirical studies using real air traffic data in China with different network complexities show that the pro posed MOMMA is effective to solve the N4DFTP problem.The solutions achieved are competitive for elaborate decision support under a TBO environment.     

Stable two-sided matching of slot allocation in airport collaborative decision making by top trading cycles mechanism

The problem of capacity shortage in some airports needs to be dealt with sustainable solutions including a more efficient use of the existing runway slots at the airports. The Collaborative Decision Making (CDM) is an important approach applied to Air Traffic Management (ATM) to achieve this efficient use of the slots allocation. Using the Matching approach for two-sided markets of Game theory, the Top Trading Cycle CDM (TTC-CDM) algorithm developed in this research is an extension of the CDM approach aggregating the Ground Delay Program (GDP) of the air sector. The paper compared the developed TTC-CDM model to the existing models such as the conventional Compression algorithm in CDM, the Trade Cycle algorithm and the Deferred Acceptance CDM (DA-CDM) model to evaluate the performance of the proposed model. Through a case study, the results show the effective application of TTC-CDM model to slot allocation in ATM and also presents the advantage of considering the preferences of airport managers beside ATC controllers and airlines in the decision processing.     

基于粒子滤波的结构疲劳裂纹扩展动态贝叶斯推断方法

准确预测结构的疲劳裂纹扩展过程是开展飞机单机寿命监控与剩余寿命估算的基础。提出一种基于动态贝叶斯网络的结构疲劳裂纹扩展预测方法,结合疲劳裂纹扩展的先验知识与后验知识来准确地推断裂纹长度;研究粒子滤波算法中不同粒子数对动态贝叶斯网络推断精度的影响规律;通过对单孔板结构与耳片连接结构件在随机载荷谱下进行裂纹扩展研究。结果表明：动态贝叶斯网络方法可以对复杂结构的疲劳裂纹扩展进行准确预测,预测精度相对于传统方法提高50% 以上。     

ML─2900吨蒙皮拉形机的改造

介绍了大型航空专用设备ML─2900t蒙皮拉形机改造基本做法及其所取得的成效。阐述了采用先进技术改造老设备，对加速企业技术改造，促进企业技术进步，具有重要意义和作用。     

简论工厂的规划,建设与改造

简要论述了工厂规划的重要性和必要性，及其对工厂建设与改造的指导作用，并就方面存在的某些问题，进行了剖析，明确提出了加强规划工作的基本原则，要求和任务。     

适用于空管人才选拔的人为因素实验室研究

以空中交通管制员职业特征为依据,深入探讨了适用于空管人才选拔的人为因素实验室的若干重要问题。构建了航空人为因素软件测试平台,并通过统计分析确定实验项目,以达到有效选拔空管人才的目的。     

空中加受油安全对接控制验证要素分析

空中加受油是一个复杂的系统工程,影响因素与加油机、受油机都密切相关,由于大型加油机(软式) 上单翼、大翼展、高垂尾和大型起落架整流包的特殊布局使得空中编队加受油对接过程中,加油机、软管锥套与 受油机之间相互的气动干扰变得十分复杂。通过分析国内外大型加油机、先进受油机的主要特点,总结空中加 受油对接过程中加油机、受油机之间会产生的气动干扰,研究空中加受油编队典型体系及空中加受油编队程 序,提出可能对空中加受油安全对接控制产生影响的验证要素,并对这些影响要素展开分析。安全对接控制验 证要素的分析可以为后续确定软式空中加受油安全对接流程提供理论指导,为空中加受油对接速度的选取提 供依据。     

空中交通发展面临的挑战与前景

在飞机、机场、空中交通大系统的长远发展历史上,观察空中交通从过去到现在的演变,得到对今后发展的启示。介绍一些概念及其论著,围绕着如何利用广阔空域资源而进行的探索,找出相应的技术支持,指出必要的体制转变。     

空中交通流量统计和预测系统的设计与实现

采用面向对象的Client／Serve结构开发工具Delphi 6.0，设计和实现了流量统计与预测系统。该系统通过流量统计和预测模块，实现了对用户指定时间范围和空间范围的空中交通流量进行有效地统计，并结合历史数据对全国性或大区域范围内的长期流量进行预测。上述各类数据的综合分析将为中国民航，尤其是空管系统的建设发展提供科学的量化依据。