尾迹扫掠下超高负荷低压涡轮叶片附面层特性

利用表面热膜测量上游尾迹周期性扫掠下某超高负荷低压涡轮叶片吸力面附面层的非定常流动特性.通过热膜测得的准壁面剪切力及其统计参数云图分析了尾迹与附面层的相互作用对分离、转捩及再附过程的影响.实验结果表明:对于低雷诺数Re超高负荷产生较大分离泡的情形,尾迹扫掠对涡轮叶片附面层的发展具有显著影响,能够有效地抑制附面层的流动分离.      

基于表面热膜的超高负荷低压涡轮叶栅附面层特性研究

本文利用表面热膜测量了定常来流条件下某超高负荷后加载叶型吸力面附面层的分离流动,并与壁面静压实验结果进行了对比。结果表明,热膜用于超高负荷低压涡轮叶型附面层流动测量可靠性较高;热膜测得的准壁面剪切应力及相关统计参数能准确地判断附面层分离、再附着和转捩位置;在低Re数条件下,分离泡尺寸和转捩区长度随来流Re数的减小而增加。     

基于表面热膜的超高负荷低压涡轮叶栅附面层特性

利用表面热膜测量了定常来流条件下某超高负荷后加载叶型吸力面附面层的分离流动,并与壁面静压实验结果进行了对比.结果表明,热膜用于超高负荷低压涡轮叶型附面层流动测量可靠性较高;热膜测得的准壁面剪切应力及相关统计参数能准确地判断附面层分离、再附着和转捩位置;在低雷诺数条件下,分离泡尺寸和转捩区长度随来流雷诺数的减小而增加.     

基于表面热膜测试的低速风扇附面层流动研究

压气机转子叶片表面附面层分离/再附、转捩机制较为复杂,数值模拟方法受到了极大的限制,因此需要新的试验技术测量旋转状态下转子叶片表面附面层的发展状态。本文采用表面热膜测试技术对某风扇叶片表面附面层分离/再附、转捩等流动现象进行了试验研究,获得了旋转状态下风扇叶片表面的准壁面剪切应力。试验结果表明,在上游尾迹周期性扫掠的作用下,叶片表面附面层转捩、再附点提前,分离泡范围减小。表面热膜测试技术可较为准确地捕捉旋转叶片表面附面层的转捩、再附点,为旋转状态下转子表面附面层的流动测量提供了一种解决途径。     

飞行中附面层转捩的流动显示与测量技术

阐述了在飞行试验中测量附面层转捩的重要性;介绍了四种在飞行试验中显示和测量机翼附面层转捩的方法;给出了Ｆ－１４Ａ飞机用热膜,附面层耙,液晶和表面总压管等方法测量附面层转捩的结果,并对以上四种测量结果者了对比分析,指出了各自的优缺点,说明热膜法能精确地确定飞行状态下机翼附面层转捩位置;附面层也能比较精确地进行测量,且能提供与表面摩擦仍关的参数,液晶法能人出附面层转捩的整体图形,表面总压管不能确切地指     

高压燃气涡轮径向内冷叶片气热耦合的数值分析

采用气热耦合方法对采用径向内冷方式的MarkⅡ型跨声速高压燃气涡轮金属导叶进行数值模拟,通过分析叶片通道内的传热和流动过程发现叶片表面附面层内流动非常复杂,包含层流流动、转捩和湍流流动状态,所以只有使用转捩模型计算的叶片附面层内流动与实际情况相符,叶片壁面温度和换热系数分布与实验结果吻合的较好,使用其他湍流模型由于不能准确描述附面层内流动而使得计算结果误差相对较大,但是所有的湍流模型都能很好的模拟附面层以外流动.      

高负荷低压涡轮内部非定常流动机理及其控制策略研究进展

低压涡轮湍流问题是制约高性能航空发动机研制的难点之一。为了理清低压涡轮内部湍流流动机理,并掌握相应的控制策略,获得计及非定常流动特征的高负荷低压涡轮气动设计方法,基于课题组长期从事高负荷低压涡轮的研究基础之上,结合国内外低压涡轮大量研究工作,系统地介绍了尾迹扫掠下低压涡轮叶片吸力面附面层发展演化过程、端区二次流非定常特征变化以及相应的流动损失机制及其抑制方法。优化叶片载荷分布在一定程度上能够减小叶型损失和二次流损失;尾迹扫掠能够诱导吸力面附面层发生转捩从而减小叶型损失,同时也有助于抑制端区二次流的发展,但在不同雷诺数下,尾迹的作用效果可能不同;对于高/超高负荷低压涡轮,特别是在低雷诺数条件下,需要借助有效的流动控制手段来抑制分离。     

正攻角状态下尾迹对低压涡轮附面层的渗透及转捩的影响

为研究正攻角状态下尾迹对低压涡轮附面层的渗透以及转捩过程的影响,分别在设计攻角和+10°攻角下,对高负荷低压涡轮叶型的吸力面附面层流动进行了数值模拟与实验。数值模拟使用CFX软件,采用大涡模拟模型。结果表明+10°攻角下,尾迹对附面层转捩过程的促进作用比设计攻角下更为显著,这是由于正攻角下的尾迹中心射流与吸力面切向的夹角更大,使得尾迹扰动渗透入附面层的深度更深,尾迹放大Klebanoff条纹强度更强,尾迹诱导转捩起始位置更靠上游。     

大子午扩张涡轮端区的流动传热及端区正弯效果的数值研究

为了研究大子午扩张涡轮端区流动和传热特性,并研究叶片端区正弯技术在大子午扩张涡轮中的气动和传热效果,对某大子午扩张涡轮静叶进行数值模拟。运用SST湍流模型精确捕捉流动结构,并进行了气动和传热预测的有效性实验验证。通过分析结果,对大子午扩张涡轮端区流动和传热特性以及两者相互影响关系进行了深入研究,分析了端区正弯技术在重组大子午扩张涡轮端区流动以及合理分布热负荷的应用效果。结果表明：大子午扩张端壁导致涡轮端壁附面层的强烈分离,通道涡分离点提前约15%,高传热区受马蹄涡和通道涡的强烈影响;端区正弯有效地改善了大子午扩张静叶端壁的附面层分离,减小前缘的热负荷25%,提高涡轮的气热性能。     

压气机叶栅叶片表面附面层流态变化影响因素探讨

以平面叶栅中的二元叶栅模型为试验对象,测量了在不同来流条件下叶片表面流场分布情况及栅后气流参数,分析了不同来流条件下叶片表面附面层流动状态的变化。并借助数值模拟手段重点研究了在不同来流马赫数和冲角下,叶片表面压力梯度对层流附面层向紊流附面层转捩过程的影响,通过利用实验数据分析研究来流条件对转捩过程的影响,为从机理上更深刻地认识叶片表面粘性附面层转捩机制提供了科学参考依据。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.