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微型飞行器由于飞行雷诺数比较低,其流动现象和机理比较复杂,对其进行相关的实验研究是尤其的必要且可行。本次试验通过由带有一定厚度和弯度的翼型构成的矩形机翼和反齐默曼机翼的对比实验、不同弯度的对比试验、不同参数的鸭翼实验以及翼尖小翼实验,重点分析了平面布局、弯度、鸭翼以及翼尖小翼对气动特性的影响。试验结果表明:在带有一定厚度和弯度的情况下反齐默曼气动性能好于矩形翼;适当的弯度能提高飞行器升力特性和纵向稳定性;鸭翼能有效地提高微型飞行器的气动特性;翼尖小翼能改善飞行器的升阻特性。 相似文献
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诱导阻力是飞机阻力的重要组成部分,在机翼翼尖加装翼梢小翼是减小飞机诱导阻力的一种重要手段.针对CJ828干线客机机翼进行翼梢小翼的气动设计及研究,确定翼梢小翼的六个主要参数:展长、后掠角、尖削比、倾斜角、安装角和翼型;综合blended winglet与raked tip形式的小翼特点,从raked tip衍生出一种bladedwingtip式翼梢小翼.通过CFD技术,对设计的小翼进行气动性能计算,计算结果表明,该翼梢小翼能够有效提高CJ828机翼巡航时气动性能,减小巡航飞行时阻力,在巡航状态下升力系数提高1.50%,阻力系数降低6.80%,升阻比提高8.92%.并且,添加小翼可以延长机翼上表面的等压线长度,耗散机翼翼梢涡,降低尾涡强度,减小飞机翼尖效应的影响区域. 相似文献
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翼梢小翼是安装在翼尖上的、比较小的、几乎垂直的、像机翼一样的表面,在相同的升力条件和亚音速马赫数条件下,它所获得的阻力系数的减小量要比相同结构重量损失下单纯的翼尖延伸的阻力系数大。主要表面安装在翼尖的后上方,较小的次要表面安装在翼尖的前下方。文章包括有关这些表面设计的讨论:测量到的这些表面对第一代窄体喷气式运输机机翼设计状态的空气动力学、力矩和载荷产生一定的影响;并且把这些影响与翼尖延伸所产生的影响进行比较,其结果是翼尖延伸翼身接合处弯矩的增加量与增加翼梢小翼后翼身接合处弯矩的增加量大致相当。这项研究的试验是在兰利8英尺跨音速高压风洞中进行的。在设计马赫数为0.78,靠近设计升力系数的情况下,翼梢小翼结构可使诱导阻力减小约20%,并使机翼的升阻比增加约9%,升阻比的这个增量比翼尖延伸获得的升阻比大一倍多。增加翼梢小翼后的俯仰力矩系数的负增长小于通过翼尖延伸获得的俯仰力矩系数。试验结构表明与翼尖延伸相比较,通过翼梢小翼得到的整体性能的改善与上翼梢小翼的安装角有明显的关系。 相似文献
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基于涡格法的近程无人机气动优化与风洞实验验证 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对低雷诺数的近程无人机,利用涡格法(VLM)对无人机气动特性进行了加装翼尖小翼优化设计,并通过风洞实验进行了验证。首先给出了翼尖小翼的几何参数并分析其对全机气动特性的影响,其次利用涡格法对小翼进行气动建模和优选,针对无人机巡航状态给出了小翼优化结果,最后利用风洞实验对优化前后的无人机进行了吹风实验对比验证,实验结果表明,涡格法和风洞实验结果在线性段相符,涡格法能够较准确地描述和预测翼尖小翼特性,加装翼尖小翼后的无人机巡航状态升阻比提高12%,全机滚转阻尼加大,偏航阻尼变化很小。 相似文献
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变体翼梢小翼的减阻机理数值模拟 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
总结了对翼梢小翼减阻效果影响最大的几何参数,在此基础上采用数值模拟方法研究了这些几何参数的最佳变化范围,为变体翼梢小翼设计提供理论依据.并从气动性能、气动载荷分布和翼尖涡的角度探讨了变体翼梢小翼相对传统翼梢小翼的优缺点.结果表明:在飞机的起飞阶段,变体翼梢小翼的减阻效率比传统翼梢小翼高2.2%,同时将翼尖涡强度降低了15%,有利于提高飞机的燃油效率和机场空域安全;但也会增大机翼的翼根弯矩,因此必须权衡变体翼梢小翼带来的气动收益与结构强度不利因素. 相似文献
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利用翼尖减阻装置提高碟形飞行器性能 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
碟型飞行器采用了新颖的翼身融合气动布局.与常规飞行器相比,这种外形通过机身和机翼完全融合消除了机身阻力,且具有结构简单、容载大等许多优点,但由于其展弦比小而导致诱导阻力较大.本文通过风洞吹风试验,找到一种后掠鱼鳍形的翼尖小翼装置能很好地减小其诱导阻力.对模型安装翼尖小翼后,风洞测量其最大升阻比在30 m/s风速下提高了75%,在50 m/s风速下可达到15.为进一步考察安装翼尖装置后的飞行器低速气动性能,对其进行了模型试飞研究.试飞验证了风洞吹风结果,不仅提高了载重量而且使横侧飞行稳定性增强. 相似文献
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波音767飞机执行融合型翼尖小翼改装后可获得一系列飞行性能的提升,显著降低燃油成本,可为航空公司创造巨大的经济效益。本文介绍了实施改装中的关键技术以及一些技术问题的解决方案。 相似文献
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提出了3种不同的微型飞行器气动布局方案:平直机翼、"M"形机翼和附加翼稍小翼的气动布局形式.设计、制作了无动力弹射模型和弹射发射平台.通过多次无动力弹射试验,对相关数据进行了对比分析,发现在上述3种气动布局形式中,以具有一定高度的翼稍小翼的气动布局形式为最好. 相似文献
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翼梢小翼后缘舵面偏转对机翼气动特性影响研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以大型客机某方案机翼为基本翼,基于N-S方程数值模拟的方法,研究融合式翼梢小翼后缘操纵舵面偏转对机翼空气动力特性影响。研究发现,翼梢小翼舵面偏使得机翼气动特性发生显著变化。一方面,偏转舵面导致了机翼最大升阻比的降低,然而它可以优化不同飞行阶段升阻比。其中,舵面外偏,机翼在阻力增加不大的条件下,升力明显增大,有利于提高起飞、爬升性能;舵面不偏条件下升阻比最大,有利于提高巡航效率;舵面内偏,机翼阻力明显增大,有利于提高飞机着陆性能。另一方面,舵面偏转可以控制机翼翼梢涡的发展,有助于耗散机翼尾涡及激发翼梢涡自身的不稳定性而加速耗散。 相似文献
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Fabrizio Nicolosi Agostino De Marco Pierluigi Della Vecchia 《Aerospace Science and Technology》2013,24(1):226-240
This paper presents some results of the flight test campaign conducted on the Tecnam P2006T aircraft, on the occasion of its certification process. This twin-engine propeller airplane is certified under the normal category CS-23 and FAR 23. A prototype of this light aircraft has been tested in flight for a post-design performance optimization and for the assessment of flight qualities. These experiences have led to the application of two winglets to the original wing. The final configuration has been extensively tested for the achievement of CS-23 certification. The longitudinal and lateral-directional response modes have been assessed and quantified. At the same time the longitudinal airplane model, through a dedicated set of flight maneuvers, has been characterized by means of parameter estimation studies. The aircraft stability derivatives have been estimated from the acquired flight data using the identification technique known as Output Error Method (OEM). Some estimated stability derivatives have been also compared with the corresponding values extracted from leveled flight tests and from wind tunnel tests performed on a scaled model of the aircraft. 相似文献
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以大客某方案机翼为基本翼,通过数值模拟的方法研究了翼梢装置对机翼气动弹性特性影响,包括静气动弹性及颤振特性。其中通过CFD/CSD弱耦合求解的方法研究其静气动弹性响应,气动力计算采用面元法,结构响应计算采用结构有限元法,通过插值实现翼面气动力与有限元节点力之间的传递,以及有限元模型与气动网格之间的变形传递。对基本翼及带翼梢装置机翼静力学有限元模型局部修改得到动力学模型,应用MSC NASTRAN进行颤振特性分析。研究发现翼梢装置使得机翼的气动弹性特性不同程度均有降低,而不同翼梢装置对其影响又有所不同,可见,翼梢装置的设计在追求气动特性改善的同时必须关注其带来的结构特性的损失。 相似文献
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《中国航空学报》2020,33(12):3238-3252
Installing winglets can notably improve the aerodynamic performance of solar aircraft. This paper proposes a multi-constraints optimization method of winglets for solar aircraft, aiming to enhance the corresponding uninterrupted cruising capability. An optimization objective function is formed and is separately studied in aerodynamic and structural terms. Qualitative analysis shows that the winglet design parameters are restricted by four special constraints (geometry, aerodynamics, energy and stability) of solar aircraft. The optimization process is constructed on the basis of a multi-island genetic algorithm, and carried out for a 15 m wingspan solar aircraft. Although the designed winglet is not as good as the traditional winglet in terms of drag and structural weight, the designed winglet provides a better 24 h cruising capability. The sensitivity between the objective function and the design parameters is investigated, and the winglet effects vary with respect to the wing aspect ratio (AR = 10, 15, 19.6). The effect of the constraints is analysed quantitatively, and some basic laws are obtained. Moreover, the feasible design region and the possible optimal design parameters of winglets for different wing configurations are explored. The calculation results show that when the aspect ratio exceeds a certain value, the winglets will not benefit the aircraft. 相似文献
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Effect of tip geometry and tip clearance on aerodynamic performance of a linear compressor cascade 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The tip leakage flow between a blade and a casing wall has a strong impact on compressor pressure rise capability, efficiency, and stability. Consequently, there is a strong motivation to look for means to minimize its impact on performance. This paper presents the potential of passive tip leakage flow control to increase the aerodynamic performance of highly loaded compressor blades. Experimental investigations on a linear compressor cascade equipped with blade winglets mounted to the blade tips have been carried out. Results for a variation of the tip clearance and the winglet geometry are presented. Current results indicate that the use of proper tip winglets in a compressor cascade can positively affect the local aerodynamic field by weakening the tip leakage vortex. Results also show that the suction-side winglets are aerodynamically superior to the pressure-side or combined winglets. The suction-side winglets are capable of reducing the exit total pressure loss associated with the tip leakage flow and the passage secondary flow to a significant degree. 相似文献