高来流马赫数单列叶栅改串列叶栅性能对比试验

基于某高负荷轴流风扇高临界来流马赫数静叶改型设计的需求,对原型单列叶栅和改型串列叶栅开展性能对比试验研究,通过详细分析两型叶栅内部流场参数,量化评估了串列叶栅在高来流马赫数条件下的改进设计效果.结果表明:串列叶栅比单列叶栅在降低流动损失,提升增压能力方面具有显著优势.相比单列叶栅,设计状态下串列叶栅总压损失系数降低了19％,静压比提高了3.1％,基本缓解了单列叶栅原有设计状态的流动堵塞现象.串列叶栅前排叶片对后排叶片吸力面附面层发展会产生抑制作用,使得后排叶片具有较好的工作性能.     

变攻角下低压涡轮导向器二次流的实验研究

在低速扇形叶栅风洞上,对五种攻角下的某型低压涡轮导向器原型和改型叶栅进行了实验研究,详细测量了各攻角下叶栅流道内的流场,分析了二次流发生和发展的过程以及攻角对其的影响,并通过改型和原型叶栅的对比,讨论了减少二次流损失的机理.结果表明,改型叶栅有效地降低了端壁横向压力梯度和前缘逆压梯度,抑制了边界层增厚和分离,从而控制了漩涡的生成和发展,削弱了通道涡的强度和尺度,使得二次流损失减少.     

叶片前缘改型对涡轮叶栅二次流的影响

以某典型高压涡轮叶栅为研究对象,采用数值模拟的方法对比分析了两种端壁前缘改型结构对涡轮叶栅二次流产生的影响。结果表明,带状结构(Fillet)以及适当尺寸的球形结构(Bulb)可以改善涡轮叶栅内部二次流,并且降低涡轮出口气动损失。其中尺寸的选择对于球形结构(Bulb)影响很大。两种不同的改型结构相比较,带状结构(Fillet)改型方案对二次流的改善效果较为明显,结果更为理想。     

汽轮机静叶栅变冲角性能的实验研究

为了研究亚临界600MW汽轮机高压第九级静叶叶栅的变冲角气动特性,为高压静叶叶片设计提供依据,对原型和改型两套环形叶栅在低速风洞中进行了不同冲角工况下的吹风实验研究。实验结果表明：改型叶栅降低了叶栅的流动损失,具有更好的变冲角特性。     

前缘复合改型在压气机平面叶栅中的应用初探

为了探究同时应用不同前缘改型对压气机叶栅的影响,以DMU37动叶5%叶高处叶型的平面叶栅为原型,采用数值计算方法,探究4种椭圆形前缘改型及4种椭圆鼓包复合改型对叶栅流场及性能的影响,考虑的主要影响参数分别为椭圆长短轴比和鼓包波幅。结果表明:-6°～+4°冲角时,椭圆形前缘方案可不同程度地降低前缘吸力峰及总压损失系数,特别在正冲角条件时改善效果更好;长短轴之比为4的椭圆形前缘方案综合性能最好,主流区吸力峰高度降低56.3%,+4°冲角时,总压损失系数和可比原型叶栅降低5.8%;0°冲角下,椭圆鼓包复合改型的损失相比原型叶栅均有所增大;+4°冲角时,各椭圆鼓包复合改型方案均能有效降低损失,总压损失系数最多可比原型叶栅降低7.5%,表明椭圆鼓包复合改型在+4°冲角时可以提高叶栅气动性能。     

后加载正弯静叶栅气动性能试验研究

在环形叶栅低速风洞中采用扇形叶栅对某型超临界汽轮机高压级静叶栅进行了吹风试验。在0°、±10°冲角下测量气动参数沿叶高和节距的分布以及静压系数沿叶型的分布。试验结果表明：在叶片设计中采用“后部加载”叶型并与正弯叶片合理匹配,显著降低了叶型与二次流损失,获得了沿叶高气动参数分布比较均匀的出口气流。     

冲角变化对涡轮静叶栅流场的影响

为了研究亚临界600MW汽轮机高压第九级静叶原型和改型叶栅的变冲角气动特性,对两套环形叶栅在0°和±10°冲角下在哈尔滨工业大学能源科学与工程学院的低速环形风洞中进行了对比实验研究。实验结果表明,冲角变化仅影响改型和原型叶栅流道前半部分的横向压力梯度,对流道后半部分的流动影响不大;与原型叶栅相比较,改型叶栅不仅降低了流动损失,而且比原型叶栅具有更好的变冲角特性。     

亚音速复合倾斜透平静叶栅的理论与实验研究

采用三维全势函数多重网格数值方法求解亚音速透平静叶栅流场。以 30 0 MW汽轮机调节级静叶栅的设计为目标 ,采用子午面上外环壁收缩和叶片周向复合倾斜两项措施 ,以求大幅度地减少叶栅二次流损失。实验研究表明新设计叶栅的损失系数比直叶栅降低 42 % ,测出的叶片表面静压分布与理论计算结果十分吻合     

动叶栅倒角对透平级气动性能的影响

对Aachen透平第一级动叶栅添加倒角结构,应用全三维黏性数值模拟方法,分析了级环境下动叶栅倒角对透平级性能和内部流场的影响.结果表明:过小的倒圆夹角会明显降低透平级效率,在叶栅加工中应给予足够重视;倒角结构降低了动叶根、顶处横向压差,气动负荷向动叶栅后半部分转移;动叶根部和顶部倒角对流场的影响主要分布于0%～55%和70%～100%叶高范围内,受倒角影响上、下通道涡向叶栅中部靠近,端壁处角涡强度增大,次流损失上升.      

高负荷风扇静叶气动特性的实验与数值研究

为了掌握高负荷静叶内部流动特征,进而指导静叶改型设计,采用实验和数值模拟相结合的方法,对高负荷风扇末级静子叶栅的气动性能开展研究。为了在级环境下研究静子叶栅的气动性能,在静子叶栅前设计了导叶,提供级中静子叶栅的进口气流参数,分析了不同进口马赫数条件下的静叶气动性能。研究表明:导流叶片可以保证静叶进口气流方向和速度与级内相近,可以用扇形叶栅吹风实验模拟级环境对静叶气动性能开展研究;静叶吸力面存在较大的分离和回流,27%叶高附近分离最大,使该处气流折转最小约42°;静叶3%叶高压力面存在较大的负攻角损失;随着进口马赫数增加,出口气流参数沿径向波动程度明显增加。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.