Professional environment for knowledge workers: engineers'responsibilities

It is argued that knowledge workers, and engineers in particular, constitute one of society's more indispensable human resources in this technological era. The environment in which engineers work is examined, both on the job and in society as a whole, with particular regard to the relatively poor status that engineering has. It is suggested that this will improve only when engineers become involved in an effort to make desirable changes     

Personal positioning for young professionals

This paper will explore the different employment options for engineers. While the majority of engineers are employed directly by companies, the recent changes in corporations has resulted in an increase in the number of engineers pursuing contract engineering, consulting, and other forms of self-employment. In this paper the author looks at the pros and cons of each employment option, and pose several questions that engineers should consider as they plan their careers. Personal positioning is a key element of an engineer's career. In today's rapidly evolving workplace your career may take several different directions. Employment options are increasing and varying. Options include direct, contract consulting, and self-employment. This paper addresses each of these options and provides one with a series of questions that one should consider before exercising any of these options. The options of working for small companies versus large companies and the management track versus the technical track are also considered     

Engineering and Electrical Engineering?Supply and Demand

Change in employment of engineers is shown to be related to the Deutsch and Shea Index of Engineering Demand. A relationship is given that shows the changes in engineering employment on a quarterly and annual basis. Engineering employment has turned upward for the first time since the last quarter of 1969. We have displaced and stored over 90 000 qualified engineers since 1969, in addition to displacing over 40 000 not qualified by an engineering education. Estimates by some of the need for 48 000 engineers per year is shown to be highly questionable. Current demand is still insufficient to absorb the current output without displacing some currently employed. It is suggested that demand in specialties can be determined by advertising lineage devoted to specialties in the same manner that the engineering demand is determined by the Deutsch and Shea Index. The years 1970, 1971, and 1972 were characterized by a decrease in employment of 62 000 engineers, 150 000 new graduates, 25 000 immigrants, and only 55 000 normal retirements and deaths.     

通用航空工程师培养模式与途径研究*

针对国家发展大飞机重大专项以及提高自主创新能力的需求,概述了我国航空工程教育的发展及人才培养情况,指出了我国航空工程师培养面临的问题。分析了国际上一些航空工业强国的航空工程师教育模式和实践,总结了北京航空航天大学、西北工业大学等高校航空工程师培养模式的改革,突出了国际化和创新性培养的探索。提出了针对我国目前高等航空工程教育人才培养的目标定位、机制模式和方案体系的建议。     

The Engineer as a Radical?

Outdated and rigorous curricula are not only producing engineers unsuited to the challenges of the 1970's, but they are scaring off many of the most creative and intelligent students. Engineering education has become an endurance test; the excitement has been lost. Most students strive only to get out. Engineering schools have not yet realized the importance of the involvement of engineers in current environmental problems. They continue to present only the dry technical courses and seem unconcerned about the student's sense of social perspective or his motivation. This paper proposes a freshman awareness seminar plus project oriented learning in the following years as a remedy for this sad situation.     

Implications of an Engineering Manpower Shortage

Many competent sources have been predicting an increasing shortage of graduate engineers to perform needed research and development work in the United States. Consequently, many industrialists, educators, and government officials have been advocating an increased enrollment of students in the engineering curriculum in college in a greater effort to produce more engineers. This paper examines the assumptions behind the projected manpower shortage, and proposes some rather unique and occasionally radical alternatives to the solution of a manpower deficit. The paper, and the solutions, may produce violent controversy, but at least the material is not the usual dull rehash so often seen of late.     

The Development of Systems Engineering

Systems engineering is described as the design of the whole as distinguished from the design of the parts. Systems engineers create the architecture of the system, define the criteria for its evaluation, and perform tradeoff studies for optimization of the subsystem characteristics. In addition to their own brains, the principal tool of systems engineers is the computer. Systems engineering has evolved during a long series of major developments, in particular the intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) program. The major growth of systems engineering is expected to be in the improvement of its tools and in the enlargement of the range of problems to which it is applied.     

PLANS '94. Position, Location and Navigation Symposium '94

A new age in position, location, and navigation has arrived, and PLANS '94 is where engineers from all over the world came to evaluate systems and predict the future. Topics ranged from mapping ice in Greenland to landing passenger-carrying airplanes in Category III weather. PLANS '94, sponsored by IEEE-AESS was held in Las Vegas, Nevada, with 400 engineers attending 27 technical sessions in which 140 papers were presented. General Chairman of the conference was Thomas A. Stansell, Jr., and the program chairman was Michael J. Hadfield     

Early studies on target models in China

The introduction of the concept of radar target modeling to Chinese engineers in the early 1960s is described. Their reactions to Swerling's models are discussed     

Formulation of discovery-class mission concepts

A key feature of the NASA discovery programs is the strategy of allowing a single scientist with a "good idea" to form his/her own team of scientists and engineers to generate a concept which is credible and attractive to a complete body of independent peers. The principle investigator (PI) must accept responsibility for all aspects of the mission. A wide variety of mission types have been found to fit the discovery mold, including fly-bys, orbiters, landers and even sample return missions. To enhance this fit, it has been necessary for scientists and engineers to work closely in: evaluating spacecraft risks, setting data throughput requirements and methods of their amelioration, focusing on key objectives, and deriving strict instrument and experiment requirements from overall goals and engineering realities. Discovery is loaded with challenges, but likewise, represents the most promising opportunities for affordable, frequent scientific advances in planetary exploration.     

舰载飞机发动机的技术特点

舰载飞机特殊的作战环境和起降方式,决定了其动力装置具有鲜明的技术特点。本较为详细地介绍了舰载飞机发动机的技术特点,可为广大科研人员了解舰载飞机发动机提供参考。     

Energy-efficient intensifiers of laminar heat transfer

In this paper, calculations of some thermo-hydraulic parameters of different intensified channels have been carried out and a grooved channel that is optimal in mass and energy expenditure is determined. A new variant of the intensified channel is proposed and recommendations for engineers are presented.     

可靠性系统工程的理论与技术框架

简要回顾了可靠性系统工程的形成过程,以产品故障为核心,阐述了可靠性系统工程的概念与定义,把认识产品故障发生规律和故障表现规律作为可靠性系统工程基础理论,把故障预防技术、故障控制技术和故障修复技术作为可靠性系统工程的基础技术,把基础技术的集成作为可靠性系统工程的应用技术,从而初步建立了可靠性系统工程的理论与技术框架,细化了可靠性系统工程的学科内涵。可靠性系统工程作为初现的新学科,虽然尚未达到严格定义与清晰表达的完善状态,但是我们完全有信心期待其作为一种新的方法论,帮助工程设计人员更好地完成工程系统的设计。     

Some do's and don't's for young EE's or advice I wish I'd had whenI started

The author outlines several rules for starting electrical engineers that he developed during his career. The rules are divided into general rules, rules for career growth, and job-related rules     

On the education of aerospace engineers in Portugal

This article concerns the creation in the 90's of Aerospace Engineering degrees in Portugal, a country with a sustained tradition of aircraft operations since the 1910's, and a small aircraft industry. It addresses the issues of training Aeronautical engineers to an international standard in a small country in modern times.     

Technical competence, engineering leadership and electric power

The author identifies societal needs that the engineer can help fulfil, and things that the engineer must do to accomplish this. He examines anti-engineering biases experienced by Galileo, the Challenger engineers, in the health effects of EMF fields, and in the economics of engineering-based activities. He proposes a number of corrective actions     

数字电子控制及发动机动态模拟与参数调整的一种方法

本文介绍数字电子控制及发动机使用计算机进行动态模拟与参数调整的一种方法。该方法对采用 FADEC 的民用涡扇发动机有一定的继承性和通用性并且适合于工程技术人员。     

On management and control of turbulent shear flows

Concepts of turbulent flow control have become of growing importance during the last few years, following increased interest in the detailed structural scenario of turbulence—in particular our improved understanding of coherent structures on the one hand (the prerequisite), and a need for improvement of technological processes on the other (the goal). These considerations have mainly been followed by engineers and physicists concerned with problems in aerodynamics. It is our aim to draw the attention of a wider group of engineers to turbulent flow control in order to speed up the transfer of knowledge from aerodynamics to applications in other fields of engineering.

In this paper an attempt is made to compile a major body of the available knowledge on flow control in separated and wall bounded turbulent flows. After a brief introduction of the basics of control theory (Section 2) and of the major flow structures and their stability characteristics (Section 3) free and wall bounded turbulent shear flows are discussed (Sections 4 and 5). This discussion summarizes the main relationships between structure and flow behaviour and shows possibilities of influencing properties of these flows such as increasing mixing or avoiding separation.     

激光测速技术（LDV）诞生50周年启示

回顾50年来激光测速技术（LDV）的发展过程,取得的主要成就,科学家和工程技术人员作出的重大贡献。LDV为流体力学的实验研究提供了有力的测试手段,开辟了对复杂流动精确、定量、动态测量研究的新篇章。     

La asociación de ingenieros aeronáuticos de España (AIEA)

Since its foundation, in 1928, The Aeronautical Engineers Association of Spain (AIAE, had, as one of its main targets, the integration and inter-relation of aeronautical sector professionals. It has sought an exchange of points of view, and the stimulation of ideas within a small and committed group of engineers, all very keen on Aeronautics.