卫星与地面测控系统协调设计研究

卫星运行需要地面测控系统的支持.通过对某些卫星运行与地面测控系统支持方面的实际分析,总结其设计研制和协调中不足,研究卫星系统与地面测控系统的协调设计,并提出相应建议,为我国的卫星发展作一些借鉴.     

船舶混合动力系统与智能能量管理控制策略研究进展

开发新型动力系统和智能控制策略是解决节能减排的重要技术方向。本文首先对混合动力系统的配置和拓扑结构进行归类与比较，对控制策略中涉及的智能算法进行归纳和总结；其次，对新型动力船舶在动力系统和控制算法使用情况进行阐释；最后，从不同角度对混合动力系统以及能量管理系统的发展趋势进行展望，为绿色船舶混合动力系统开发以及能量管理系统的研发提供了参考依据。     

Synthetic aperture radar imaging systems

This paper presents profiles of 12 airborne and spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging systems. This information is intended to help potential users evaluate the systems for specific applications. The systems profiled in this article can be used for commercial purposes; some have been built specifically for commercial use while others also serve as science and research tools, Both domestic and foreign systems designed for government agencies and private industry are profiled. Nine of these systems are currently operational; two systems are scheduled to begin service in the near future. A third system is no longer active, but archive data are commercially available     

基于多电飞机的先进供电技术研究

阐述了多电飞机的特征,对多电飞机供电系统先进技术进行了研究,探讨了基于多电飞机的电气系统结构、电源系统、配电系统、负载自动管理技术等。     

Space: Avionics' next frontier

The following topics are dealt with: engineering systems; hardware; software; environmental hazards; vehicle health; human factors; air traffic control; space systems     

The evolution of binary stars into contact states

Good-quality empirical results on 62 short-period binary stars recently summarised by Hilditch & Bell (1987) and Hilditch, King & McFarlane (1988) are discussed in terms of evolutionary paths from detached to semi-detached and contact states. These data suggest two evolutionary paths to the contact binaries — from detached systems directly into contact to form initially shallow-contact systems, and via case A mass transfer to semi-detached states, thence to contact systems. These empirical results support previous arguments based on evolutionary models and less detailed observational data.Concern is expressed about the paucity of high-quality spectroscopic data, particularly for low-mass systems displaying EB-type light curves and the resultant limitations on analyses of those light curves. Such systems provide tests of evolution into contact for the first time, or of broken-contact phases for WUMa-type binaries. The crucial importance of long-term monitoring (decades) of times of minima as indicators of mass transfer rates amongst these interacting binaries is also noted.     

Year 2000 impact on automated testing

Both US military and industry rely on automatic testing to verify the quality of manufacture and repair. Many testers still rely on computers designed and manufactured in the early 1980's. This includes systems using embedded controllers. Year 2000 problems can surface in computer operating systems, compilers, test programs, and in embedded systems. Until the impact of the Y2K “bug” is addressed, the risk of test program failure is unknown in most legacy automatic test systems. Problems may include embedded controllers in proprietary designs, old operating systems, and unique test program code. This paper will address the potential problem areas in automatic testing, and suggest an approach for determining the best course of action. In order to evaluate the impact, a complete systems inventory must be done to identify all potential sources of problems. Little attention has been paid to the legacy automated test systems and the potential impact of the Y2K problem on such systems. Although newer systems are less likely to be affected, no one can be sure until a complete inventory and test has been accomplished     

Today... tomorrow [of multidisciplinary systems of systems]

Some recent or near future examples of multidisciplinary systems of systems are illustrated. They include: upgraded Shuttle avionics; Airbus fly-by-wire; integrated modular electronics; electric automobiles; all-electric aircraft; and JointSTARS system     

空间光学遥感器的发展对先进复合材料的需求

从国内外空间光学遥感器技术发展的需要出发,提出了对该领域内基础材料的需求及其应用特点。在此基础上,又提出了空间光学遥感器中光机结构材料和典型的光学反射镜材料在机械稳定性和热稳定性方面的要求。还提出了应用材料在空间中的热真空适应性和表面防护问题。同时介绍了新型空间光学遥感器中应用的新型复合材料。     

Reverse Algols

An Algol is a binary system having a semidetached configuration where the less massive component is in contact with the critical equipotential surface. A reverse Algol is a binary system having a semidetached configuration where the more massive component is in contact with the critical equipotential surface. In 1985, Leung suggested 5 reverse Algol systems at the Beijing Colloquium. Two more such systems have been discovered recently. The spectral types of these systems range from early B to mid G. There is also a wide spread in mass ratio among these systems. There appear to be two types of reverse Algols, hot and cool systems. The hot systems have their more massive components as the hotter stars and the cool systems their more massive components as the cooler stars. The mass-radius relation of the reverse Algols is very similar to that of the contact and near-contact systems. It is believed that reverse Algols represent the pre-mass-reversal semidetached phase of close binary evolution. Since selection effects apply to both the regular Algols and reversed Algols in a similar manner, the evolutionary time scale between them would be simply the ratio of the number of confirmed systems of these two types of Algols.     

On the Measurements of D/H in QSO Absorption Systems Closing in on the primordial abundance of deuterium

We present our measurements of the deuterium to hydrogen ratio (D/H) in QSO absorption systems, which give D/H = 3.40 ± 0.25 × 10-5 based on analysis of four independent systems. We discuss the properties of two systems which provide the strongest constraints on D/H. We outline the systematic effects involved in measurements of D/H and introduce a sophisticated method of analysis which properly accounts for these effects.     

船载测控设备远程测试标校系统设计与实现

远洋航天测控事业的不断发展,对测控设备的远程测试标校和故障诊断提出更高的要求。目前。船载测控设备配备了大量的智能测试仪器,为建立船载测控设备自动化测试标校系统提供了有利条件。此外基于PXI总线的虚拟仪器技术的广泛应用,也为未来航天测控设备的自动化测试提供了新途径。本文主要探讨了船载测控设备远程测试标校系统的主要设计思想和实现方式。     

试验信息系统兼容性测试策略

结合试验信息系统的特点,以测试发射试验信息系统与安全管理系统的兼容性测试为例,提出了对试验信息系统进行兼容性测试的主要策略,包括业务软件与新增支撑软件在同一运行环境下的运行稳定性、安装/卸载兼容性测试;新增支撑系统或设备在运行期间对交换机网络流量影响的测试;新增系统或软件对CPU（中央处理器）、内存、端口等的占用情况测试等。通过对应用该测试策略的测试结果进行分析,发现了系统兼容性方面的问题。这些策略也可为其他类似系统的兼容性测试提供参考。     

Short-range radio navigation systems: current status and prospects

The problems of the development of short-range navigation aids as integrated multifunctional systems for the near future while implementing them in poorly equipped regions, ice-breaker fleets, and on remote oil platforms are discussed. Conclusions are drawn about the reasonability of utilization for those purposes of various modifications of the existing integrated short-range navigation systems. These systems provide highly accurate operation, have a convenient ρ-&thetas; coordinate system, and are capable in some cases of providing the additional functions     

扩频TT＆C系统设计与分析

讨论扩频TT＆C系统的概念、工作原理和工作模式,系统分析了可用于扩频TT＆C的多种系统设计方案的技术特点。     

Tracking and data acquisition for space exploration

The tracking and data acquisition systems provide the key link between the remote spacecraft and the scientific experimenter on the ground. The operation of the space experiment takes place through the links of command, telemetry and tracking. The evolution from the early very simple spacecraft missions toward more complex and sophisticated missions has been paralleled by a similar evolution in the tracking and data acquisition systems. The early Minitrack interferometer tracking system still carries the major tracking workload for space missions; however greater tracking accuracy requirements for more recent missions, such as the Orbiting Geophysical Observatory and the Apollo mission, have brought about the development of unified tracking and data acquisition systems which utilize hybrid pseudo-random code/sidetone ranging techniques. The data acquisition has evolved from analog telemetry systems to the present day heavy use of PCM digital telemetry. Likewise the command systems have evolved from early simple on/off command systems into PCM digital command data systems. The trend is toward greater real time control of more complex functions on board the spacecraft. Newer spacecraft are incorporating computer-type systems in the spacecraft which require programming and memory load through the ground command link. The most attractive concept for the next generation network for tracking and data acquisition is a network consisting of synchronous-orbit Tracking and Data Relay Satellites for covering launches and low-orbit earth satellites plus a few selected ground stations for supporting spacecraft in high earth orbit and lunar orbit.     

The realism of FAA reliability-safety requirements and alternatives

As avionic systems become more complex, realistic qualification requirements for the flight-critical systems becomes more important, but more difficult to define. Requirements developed to establish acceptable levels of performance must be verifiable if they are to have any meaning. This article shows that both the current FAA requirements of flight-critical systems and the FAA recommended methods for probabilistic assessment are flawed, and result in “required” safety assessments which are misleading. Alternatives are then explored     

开源数据库在卫星控制中心的应用研究

实现信息系统的自主、安全、可控已成为测控中心系统的研究方向和建设目标。研究应用自主可控数据库是实现测控中心系统全面自主可控的重要环节。目前,卫星控制中心的数据存储系统大多以Oracle数据库为主,软件和技术服务费用昂贵,更新维护成本高,且可能带有信息安全和任务安全方面的风险。针对上述这些问题,研究分析了开源数据库MySQL在卫星控制中心系统中应用的可行性,对MySQL数据库做了全面测试,包括功能、性能、系统级的高可用测试,以及MySQL与Oracle数据库的性能对比测试。研究和测试结果表明,MySQL开源数据库可以用于卫星控制中心系统以及类似的测控中心应用系统,对今后测控中心系统应用自主可控数据库具有参考价值和借鉴意义。     

Algols as limits on binary evolution scenarios

Evolutionary scenarios must account for Algol binaries surviving their first phase of mass transfer. The outcome of this phase is dependent upon the rapidity of the initial mass transfer, which can be estimated by calculating the radial reponse of potential progenitors to mass loss. Limits on the donor's evolutionary state, and its companion mass, can be placed on systems which would transfer mass on a thermal or dynamical timescale. Slower mass transfer rates are necessary for the successful transition to an Algol. Considering 1.5 and 5.0 M models, the former succeed in case A and Br systems, while the latter can do so only in case A systems. To evolve into an Algol binary, all systems seem to require initial mass ratios near one.     

Channelization: the two-fault tolerant attitude control functionfor the Space Station Freedom

The Space Station Freedom was, from the mid-1980's through 1993, the design for an international orbiting laboratory facility. The Space Station Freedom was comprised of “utility” systems, such as power generation and distribution, thermal management, and data processing, and “user” systems such as communication and tracking, propulsion, payload support, and guidance, navigation, and control. These systems are required to work together to provide various station functions. To protect the lives onboard and the investment in the station, the systems and their connectivity had to be designed to continue to support critical functions after any single fault for early assembly stages, and after any two faults for later stages. Of these critical functions, attitude control was the most global, incorporating equipment from nearly all major systems. The challenge was to develop an architecture, or integration, of these systems that would achieve the specified level of fault tolerant attitude control and operate, autonomously, for the three-month unmanned periods during the assembly process. Additionally, this architecture had to maintain the desired utility of the station for each stage of the assembly process. This paper discusses the approach developed for integrating the systems such that the fault tolerance requirements were met for all stages of assembly. Some of the key integration issues are examined and the role of analysis tools are described. The resultant design was a highly channelized one, and the reasons and the benefits of this design will be explored. The final design was accepted by the Space Station Control Board as the design baseline in July 1992