柔性基座冗余机械臂的最优反作用控制

针对柔性基座冗余机械臂的末端轨迹跟踪问题，提出一种反作用最优控制方法，该算法将轨迹跟踪视为高优先级任务，而反作用优化控制在高优先级任务零空间内进行。由于冗余机械臂的自运动能在不影响末端运动的前提下改变关节运动，利用冗余机械臂的自运动消除振动系统中的低阶模态力，使机械臂在完成轨迹跟踪的同时激起的弹性振动大幅减小，从而提高了系统的稳定性。以平面3自由度柔性基座机械臂和空间7自由度柔性基座机械臂为例进行数值仿真，证实了方法的有效性。     

一种基于模型预测控制的柔性关节空间机械臂的轨迹跟踪控制#br#

柔性关节空间机械臂在太空中的操作问题与几个因素有关,其中最重要的因素之一是关节的弹性振动.为了克服这种弹性振动带来的影响,提出了一种基于模型预测控制方法的双连杆柔性关节空间机械臂对目标跟踪的控制策略.首先,利用欧拉 拉格朗日公式进行动力学建模;然后,提出一种连续线性化模型预测控制方法,并将其应用于非线性柔性关节空间机械臂的模型中;最后,通过数值仿真来验证本文所提出方法的有效性.     

一种基于模型预测控制的柔性关节空间机械臂的轨迹跟踪控制

柔性关节空间机械臂在太空中的操作问题与几个因素有关,其中最重要的因素之一是关节的弹性振动.为了克服这种弹性振动带来的影响,提出了一种基于模型预测控制方法的双连杆柔性关节空间机械臂对目标跟踪的控制策略.首先,利用欧拉-拉格朗日公式进行动力学建模;然后,提出一种连续线性化模型预测控制方法,并将其应用于非线性柔性关节空间机械臂的模型中;最后,通过数值仿真来验证本文所提出方法的有效性.     

"嫦娥五号"月面采样机械臂路径规划

针对"嫦娥五号"月面采样任务中采样机械臂的精准控制问题,提出了一种基于深度强化学习的路径规划方法.通过设计深度强化学习算法的多约束奖赏函数,规划了满足安全性、快速性、可达性3个约束的运动路径,实现了采样机械臂的精准控制.在满足任务安全性的提前下,缩短了天地之间的交互时间,机械臂控制效果平稳.在轨实验结果表明,该方法具有...     

基于粒子群算法的阻抗控制在机械臂柔顺控制中的应用

阻抗控制策略是实现机械臂的末端力柔顺控制的一种重要方法.然而,针对阻抗控制参数的确定,目前尚缺乏通用算法.粒子群算法具有概念简单、易行、鲁棒性好等特点,适用于阻抗控制参数的确定与优化.通过分析基于力反馈的笛卡尔空间阻抗控制结构,采用粒子群算法整定阻抗控制参数.结合阻抗控制自身特点对粒子群算法做了相应改进,并通过仿真验证了优化后的阻抗控制算法可实现对七自由度机械臂的柔顺控制且具有较好的鲁棒性.     

一种基于控制参数化方法的柔性关节机械臂的#br# 最优PID参数整定方法#br#

数化方法的柔性关节机械臂的最优PID参数整定方法吴昊1,2,郭小龙3,谭元3,毛新涛4摘要： 提出了一种基于控制参数化方法的柔性关节机械臂的最优PID参数整定方法.首先,将柔性机械臂的性能指标建模为连续状态不等式约束.然后,将柔性关节机械臂的最优PID参数整定问题转化为含连续状态不等式约束的最优参数选择问题.应用约束转录法结合局部平滑法来处理连续状态不等式约束,从而将含连续状态不等式约束的最优参数选择问题转化为一个标准的可以优化软件包求解的非线性规划问题.最后,通过数值仿真验证了本文提出的方法的有效性.     

多机械臂的分布式自适应迭代学习控制

针对拓扑结构为无向连通的多机械臂系统,提出了一种自适应与迭代学习相结合的分布式控制协议来实现整个系统对给定期望参考轨迹的一致性跟踪.通过引入一个适当的自适应迭代学习参数,所提自适应迭代学习控制协议能够克服机械臂系统中的干扰和模型不确定性,并且每个机械臂的自适应迭代学习控制(AILC)律仅需要利用其与邻居机械臂的相对交互信息.进一步,在只有一部分机械臂具有期望参考轨迹信息的前提下,该控制协议可以实现整个系统对期望参考轨迹的跟踪,同时能够保证轨迹跟踪误差与控制输入的有界性.此外,利用李亚普诺夫分析方法证实了所得结论的正确性,并且通过一个实例验证了所提自适应迭代学习控制协议的有效性.      

空间机械臂关节电流环预测控制研究

空间机械臂是空间在轨服务的重要执行机构,关节伺服控制性能在很大程度上影响着机械臂操控性能.电流环是关节多控制环嵌套结构的最内层,针对高性能关节伺服控制系统对电流环动态响应快、超调量小和参数鲁棒性强的要求,本文提出一种高阶形式的无差拍电流预测控制方法,仿真结果表明：相比PI调节器,该方法极大提升了系统带宽,可使电流环动态响应速度逼近数字控制系统中的理论上限;相比传统无差拍控制方法,该方法对于电机电阻与磁链参数变化具有更强的适应性,在参数失配的条件下具有更好的动态与稳态性能.     

基于数据驱动的弹性高超声速飞行器控制方法

高超声速飞行器存在气动非线性强、复杂振动干扰等特点,参数不确定性大条件下传统依赖于精确模型的控制方法品质下降明显,需要进一步提高控制系统在线适应能力。针对弹性高超声速飞行器过载跟踪性能在线优化和弹性振动影响下的控制参数优化问题,提出了一种基于数据驱动的自学习控制方法,首先将高超声速飞行器输出反馈控制问题转化为状态反馈形式,采用鲁棒自适应动态规划算法设计了适用于过载跟踪问题的无模型控制参数在线优化方法,然后针对飞行器复杂弹性振动干扰的问题,提出了基于陷波滤波器的自适应动态规划控制方法,从而保证了振动影响下的控制参数在线优化效果。仿真结果表明,在不依赖于准确模型参数的条件下,所提的方法能够有效实现弹性振动干扰下的控制参数在线优化,并提高过载跟踪控制品质。     

空间站柔性机械臂辅助舱段对接动力学分析

为验证空间站柔性机械臂系统在有初始位置、姿态误差的情况下能否成功完成辅助舱段对接任务,文章建立了空间站柔性机械臂辅助舱段对接动力学模型,模型考虑了对接机构的接触碰撞,依据关节精细动力学模型、力矩控制方法和阻抗控制程序进行了空间柔性机械臂辅助舱段对接过程仿真。仿真结果表明,当关节输出端位置测量精度为17位时,依靠阻抗控制的方法,空间柔性机械臂在主动舱存在最大位置误差150mm,最大姿态误差2.5°的情况下仍能完成对接;对接成功后,空间柔性机械臂系统控制力迅速下降,仍然能较好地保持构型,不会影响对接舱段的安全。     

New results and questions of lunar exploration from SELENE,Chang’E-1, Chandrayaan-1 and LRO/LCROSS

The moon has longstanding questions such as lunar environments, origin, formation and evolution, magnetization of crustal rocks, internal structure and possible life. The recent lunar missions, e.g., SELenological and ENgineering Explorer “KAGUYA” (SELENE), Chang’E-1, Chandrayaan-1, and Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter/Lunar CRater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LRO/LCROSS), have provided new opportunities to explore and understand these issues. In this paper, we reviewed and presented the results and findings in the fields of lunar gravity, magnetic field, atmosphere, surface geomorphology and compositional variations, volcano, craters, internal structure, water and life science from new lunar exploration missions. In addition, the new objectives and scientific questions on lunar explorations in near future are presented and discussed.     

HZE-dosimetry on MIR92, IML-1 and D-2

Nuclear track detectors were used to measure the integral Linear Energy Transfer (LET) spectra above 1 GeV per cm water behind the complex material shielding inside a spacecraft. The measurements are compared with predictions of the contribution of high charge, high energy HZE particles of the galactic cosmic radiation taking into account the influence of solar and geomagnetic modulation and shielding by matter.     

嫦娥一号卫星的制导、导航与控制

嫦娥一号卫星是中国首颗月球卫星。卫星制导、导航与控制(GNC)任务复杂多变,对系统实时性、可靠性和精度要求较高。文章介绍嫦娥一号卫星GNC系统组成、控制方法、系统特点和典型飞行结果。     

Towards development of a consistent orbit series for TOPEX,Jason-1, and Jason-2

The TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason-1 and Jason-2 set of altimeter data now provide a time series of synoptic observations of the ocean that span nearly 17 years from the launch of TOPEX in 1992. The analysis of the altimeter data including the use of altimetry to monitor the global change in mean sea level requires a stable, accurate, and consistent orbit reference over the entire time span. In this paper, we describe the recomputation of a time series of orbits that rely on a consistent set of reference frames and geophysical models. The recomputed orbits adhere to the IERS 2003 standards for ocean and earth tides, use updates to the ITRF2005 reference frame for both the SLR and DORIS stations, apply GRACE-derived models for modeling of the static and time-variable gravity, implement the University College London (UCL) radiation pressure model for Jason-1, use improved troposphere modeling for the DORIS data, and apply the GOT4.7 ocean tide model for both dynamical ocean tide modeling and for ocean loading. The new TOPEX orbits have a mean SLR fit of 1.79 cm compared to 2.21 cm for the MGDR-B orbits. These new TOPEX orbits agree radially with independent SLR/crossover orbits at 0.70 cm RMS, and the orbit accuracy is estimated at 1.5–2.0 cm RMS over the entire TOPEX time series. The recomputed Jason-1 orbits agree radially with the Jason-1 GDR-C orbits at 1.08 cm RMS. The GSFC SLR/DORIS dynamic and reduced-dynamic orbits for Jason-2 agree radially with independent orbits from the CNES and JPL at 0.70–1.06 cm RMS. Applying these new orbits, and using the latest altimeter corrections for TOPEX, Jason-1, and Jason-2 from September 1992 to May 2009, we find a global rate in mean sea level of 3.0 ± 0.4 mm/yr.     

An analysis of solar radio burst events on December 1, 2004

We present the analysis of the radio observations of December 1, 2004 from 07:00 UT to 07:40 UT in the 1.100–1.340 GHz band by Solar Broadband Radio Dynamic Spectrometer (SBRS) in Huairou Station. There are three groups of radio fine structures during the impulsive phase of this flare denoted by N1, Z2, and Z3. N1 has several emission lines with mixed fast and slow frequency drift rate which may reflect the conditions of flare loop and fast flows out from reconnection site; Z2 and Z3 are zebra patterns. The radio observations combined with hard X-ray and other observations show that the fine structures are connected with energetic particles. The information about magnetic field and energetic particle during the burst are also estimated based on our model.     

希望一号CMOS相机

<正>希望一号卫星是我国第一颗以科普为目的的公益星。在卫星装载的有效载荷中有一款专门为了拍摄地球全景图象而设计的彩色CMOS相机。CMOS相机采用了图像压缩技术、自动曝光技术     

Research on a complex CME event including Hα, LASCO, radio and MDI observations

We present our research on a fast and decelerating partial halo coronal mass ejection (CME) event detected in multi-wavelengths in the chromosphere and the corona on 14 October, 1999. The event involved a whole complex active area which spanned more than 40° of heliolongitude. It included a strong solar flare (XI/1N) and a complex eruptive filament within an active region of the entire complex. Especially, several radio sources were detected in the decimetric range prior to the CME by the Nançay Radioheliograph (NRH). A linear force-free field extrapolation of the Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) magnetogram was performed to calculate the magnetic topology of the complex prior to the triggering of the event. The presence of a coronal null point combined with the occurrence of two distant and nearly simultaneous radio sources put strong arguments in favor of the generalized breakout model for the triggering of the eruption. The analysis of the subsequent development of the event suggests that large interconnecting loops were ejected together with the CME.     

CRESDA APPLICATION SYSTEM OF CBERS-1, RESULTS AND TYPICAL EXAMPLES OF APPLICATIONS

CRESDA Application System of CBERS-1 was established in 1999. During the operation of the system for more than two years, about 240 000 scenes of CBERS-1 Level 0 data have been archived and more than 13 000 scenes of Level 2 products have been ordered by end users from different application fields.In this paper, the typical examples of applications in crop yield estimation,calamity alleviation, resources survey and protection, environment monitoring and continuable development, and urban planning are mainly described.     

Dayside ionospheric uplift during strong geomagnetic storms as detected by the CHAMP,SAC-C,TOPEX and Jason-1 satellites

Ionosphere response to severe geomagnetic storms that occurred in 2001–2003 was analyzed using data of global ionosphere maps (GIM), altimeter data from the Jason-1 and TOPEX satellites, and data of GPS receivers on-board CHAMP and SAC-C satellites. This allowed us to study in detail ionosphere redistribution due to geomagnetic storms, dayside ionospheric uplift and overall dayside TEC increase. It is shown that after the interplanetary magnetic field turns southward and intensifies, the crests of the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) travel poleward and the TEC value within the EIA area increases significantly (up to ∼50%). GPS data from the SAC-C satellite show that during the main phase of geomagnetic storms TEC values above the altitude of 715 km are 2–3 times higher than during undisturbed conditions. These effects of dayside ionospheric uplift occur owing to the “super-fountain effect” and last few hours while the enhanced interplanetary electric field impinged on the magnetopause.