多弹协同下反舰导弹突防概率优化决策

本文首先对大型舰艇编队典型组成和攻防火力体系进行了研究,介绍了大型舰艇编队中的预警体系、火力装备组成及作战流程。通过分析巡航高度、巡航速度、RCS和导弹数量对突防概率的影响,重点研究了反舰导弹突防概率的动态计算过程,并采用遗传算法等智能优化算法进行了仿真计算,通过分析战场环境和作战过程,更真实地研究了反舰导弹与大型舰艇编队防御系统的攻防对抗关系。     

资源约束条件下舰艇编队多智能体协作规划

从分析舰艇编队对海作战的流程出发,在决策过程中引入多智能体系统(MAS,Multi-Agent System)理论,建立了编队协同反舰作战Agent模型.针对舰艇编队Agent协作规划过程中受资源约束产生资源占用冲突的问题,建立一种主从式结构多Agent协作规划模型,并提出一种集中与分布规划相结合的MAS协作规划方法.仿真实例表明:该方法可有效实现作战编队各Agent之间的协作与协调,保证舰艇编队在满足资源约束条件下实现预期战术目标.      

基于约束优化的舰艇区域防空作战能力需求生成

作战能力需求生成是在满足多约束条件下完成的,寻求约束集是能力需求生成的重点;以舰空导弹区域防空为背景,通过对作战需求约束、能力需求约束、技术发展约束以及其他因素约束进行综合分析,提取制约能力指标生成的约束集,建立舰艇防空作战效能目标函数,采用基于罚函数法的快速粒子群算法进行能力指标的约束优化求解;以最大预警距离为变量,对其他作战能力指标优化前后的曲线图进行仿真验证,定量生成舰艇区域防空作战所需的能力指标值,验证了模型算法的可行性,为舰艇区域防空作战能力需求生成提供了定量化依据。      

导弹自主编队综合作战效能评估方法

针对导弹自主编队协同制导与控制技术的综合作战效能评估问题,引入了协同制导与控制能力等级(CGCL)的概念,并结合层次分析法(AHP)和ADC效能评估模型建立了导弹自主编队综合作战效能的分析模型,分析了导弹自主编队典型作战想定下导弹编队成员的协同突防概率、交班成功率、命中概率和毁伤概率,分析过程充分考虑了导弹自主编队作战的能力和特点,并在搭建的导弹自主编队攻防对抗综合仿真验证系统上分析和验证了其有效性,为定量地分析导弹自主编队的综合作战效能提供了快速可靠的计算方法。     

基于解析规则的舰艇区域防空作战能力需求生成

首先,在能力需求生成中,通过对舰艇面临的威胁任务分解,构建作战能力指标体系,分析"元任务-能力指标"之间的解析规则进而得到舰艇作战所需的各项能力指标;其次,以单舰舰空导弹区域防空为背景,根据作战流程的各个阶段建立相应的数学模型,以作战需求以及敌我双方的相关因素为变量,结合关系图对杀伤区远近界、发射区远近界、预警机前出距离、高度和必需预警距离等作战能力指标进行了仿真验证;最后,分析了所需探测距离及速度对作战能力指标的影响关系,定量得到相应所需的区间数值解,为舰艇区域防空作战能力需求生成提供了依据。      

双机编队的对地攻击效能分析

双机编队是空防体系对抗中一种主要的作战模式,其目的是为了更有效地打击敌战略目标.通过采用概率论中常用于效能评估的马尔柯夫随机过程理论,建立了双机编队条件下对敌对战略目标进行攻击的战场想定和数学模型,推导出任务成功率、目标被毁率和飞机损失率等作战效能指标的计算公式.最后,通过生存力扩展因子的引入,在比较双机独立和双机编队相关效能指标的基础上指出了双机编队的作战优势.      

长空利箭——走近空军地空导弹兵部队

在中国人民解放军的序列中,有一支现代化的防空作战兵种——空军地空导弹兵。 她应国土防空作战需要而创建。二战以后,空中力量发展很快,防空作战面临着新的挑战。在这种大背景下,军事强国集中力量发展防空导弹和核武器,五十年代初期美苏等国装备了地空导弹武器,成为世界防空史上划时代的举措,迅速影响着空防斗争的格局。新中国成立     

中国的HQ—61面空导弹武器系统

HQ—61导弹武器系统是中国航天工业总公司上海航天技术研究所研制的一种全天候中低空防空导弹武器,用于攻击中低空入侵的各种亚音速和超音速飞机。该系统有地空型和舰空型两种型号,地空型是将设备装在自行轮式越野车上,用于野战防空和要地防空;舰空型安装在中小型舰艇上,用于舰艇防空。它具有组成简单、导引     

战斗机对地攻击作战效能分析

运用马尔柯夫过程理论,建立了战斗机攻击地面目标的战场想定和数学模型.通过分析战斗机的作战生存特征、打击能力和所使用的进攻战术以及各种战场防空武器系统的物理特性和损伤机理,评估了任务成功率、目标被毁率、飞机损失率以及与费用相关的最优战斗时间等作战效能指标.给出了战斗机对地攻击作战效能的计算实例.结果表明所建模型客观地描述了对地攻击作战的实质.     

简讯

俄海军将接收新型防空系统 俄罗斯海军不久将接收新型铠甲-M舰载弹炮合一防空系统。该系统是在陆基铠甲-S1基础上开发的。铠甲-M将替代Kortik防空系统,安装在俄罗斯海军新一级的作战舰艇上,包括从护卫舰到巡洋舰的一系列舰艇。由于俄罗斯本国使用的该系统的性能参数是保密的,该系统的研发机构KBP仪器设计局高层人员引用了其出口型铠甲-M的性能参数。     

Stochastic particle acceleration by the forced interaction of relativistic current sheets

We address the problem of interacting relativistic current sheets in self-consistent kinetic plasma simulations within the framework of the Particle-In-Cell model. The interaction is enforced in head-on collisions of up to 10 current sheets at relativistic bulk speeds. The simulations are motivated by the general problem of Poynting flux dissipation in ‘striped wind’ configurations presumably governing the relativistic outflows pervasive in pulsar winds and gamma-ray bursts. We identify the generation of non-thermal particles and formation of a stable power-law shape in the particle energy distributions f(γ) dγ ∝ γ^−s dγ. In 1D, a spectral index s ∼ 2 is observed and attributed to a stochastic Fermi-type acceleration mechanism. In 2D, the generic index of s ∼ 3–4 is retained as in previous simulations of individual current sheets. Whereas in 2D the high energy cut-off is constrained by the limited dissipation of magnetic energy, in 1D the process converts the bulk motion of current sheets towards directed particle momentum of an exclusive class of non-thermal particles.     

Scaling analysis and model estimation of solar corona index

A monthly average solar green coronal index time series for the period from January 1939 to December 2008 collected from NOAA (The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) has been analysed in this paper in perspective of scaling analysis and modelling. Smoothed and de-noising have been done using suitable mother wavelet as a pre-requisite. The Finite Variance Scaling Method (FVSM), Higuchi method, rescaled range (R/S) and a generalized method have been applied to calculate the scaling exponents and fractal dimensions of the time series. Autocorrelation function (ACF) is used to find autoregressive (AR) process and Partial autocorrelation function (PACF) has been used to get the order of AR model. Finally a best fit model has been proposed using Yule-Walker Method with supporting results of goodness of fit and wavelet spectrum. The results reveal an anti-persistent, Short Range Dependent (SRD), self-similar property with signatures of non-causality, non-stationarity and nonlinearity in the data series. The model shows the best fit to the data under observation.     

Learning in an immersive digital theater

The Houston Museum of Natural Science, in collaboration with Rice University has an outreach program taking portable digital theaters to schools and community sites for over five years and has conducted research on student learning in this immersive environment. By using an external independent evaluator, the effectiveness of NASA-funded Education and Public Outreach (EPO) projects can be assessed. This paper documents interactive techniques and learning strategies in full-dome digital theaters. The presentation is divided into Evaluation Strategies and Results and Interactivity Strategies and Results. All learners from grades 3–12 showed statistically significant short-term increase in knowledge of basic Earth science concepts after a single 22-min show. Improvements were more significant on items that were taught using more than one modality of instruction: hearing, seeing, discussion, and immersion. Thus immersive theater can be an effective as well as engaging teaching method for Earth and Space science concepts, particularly those that are intrinsically three-dimensional and thus most effectively taught in an immersive environment. The portable system allows taking the educational experience to rural and tribal sites where the underserved students could not afford the time or expense to travel to museums.     

Development of a gas chromatography compatible Sample Processing System (SPS) for the in-situ analysis of refractory organic matter in martian soil: preliminary results

In the frame of the 2009 Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission a new sample preparation system (SPS) compatible with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) has been developed for the in situ analysis of complex organic molecules in the Martian soil. The goal is to detect, if they exist, some of the key compounds that play an important role in life on Earth including carboxylic acids, amino acids and nucleobases.     

基于LuGre模型的电液加载系统摩擦补偿

为了提高电液加载系统控制精度,针对摩擦问题提出了基于LuGre摩擦模型的前馈补偿方法.建立了用于摩擦仿真分析和补偿器设计的电液加载系统数学模型;通过实验获取并分析了相关的摩擦数据;基于实验数据进行LuGre模型参数辨识,把LuGre模型和辨识结果引入电液加载系统数学模型,并进行仿真结果与实际摩擦数据的对照,证明了LuGre摩擦模型的准确性.设计前馈补偿器,进行了实验对比,实验结果表明前馈补偿器可将摩擦产生的控制误差有效地降至未补偿时的30%左右.      

CoRoT and Kepler results: Solar-like oscillators

The space-borne observatories CoRoT (Convection Rotation and planetary Transits) and Kepler have provided photometric time series data of unprecedented precision for large numbers of stars. These data have revolutionized the fields of transiting exoplanets and asteroseismology. In this review some important asteroseismic results obtained using data from the CoRoT and Kepler space missions concerning stars that show solar-like oscillations are discussed. These results comprise, among others, measurements of the location of the base of the convection zone and helium second-ionization zone in main-sequence stars, the presence (or not) of core-helium burning in red-giant stars, as well as differential rotation in these stars.     

Radioactivity of the Moon and planets

In this report the main results of the study of radioactivity of the solar sistem bodies are considered. The radioactivity of the Moon and planets was measured by means of vehicles in situ. The radioactivity of the lunar samples, brought to the Earth was studied with laboratory equipment.     

Return to Europa: Overview of the Jupiter Europa orbiter mission

Missions to explore Europa have been imagined ever since the Voyager mission first suggested that Europa was geologically very young. Subsequently, the Galileo spacecraft supplied fascinating new insights into this satellite of Jupiter. Now, an international team is proposing a return to the Jupiter system and Europa with the Europa Jupiter System Mission (EJSM). Currently, NASA and ESA are designing two orbiters that would explore the Jovian system and then each would settle into orbit around one of Jupiter’s icy satellites, Europa and Ganymede. In addition, the Japanese Aerospace eXploration Agency (JAXA) is considering a Jupiter magnetospheric orbiter and the Russian Space Agency is investigating a Europa lander.     

基于最小值原理的冗余度机器人动力学控制

为了解冗余度机器人全局法优化中数值求解的困难,本文讨论了动力学方程的建立,无约束和有约束最优控制问题之间的内在联系,重点分析了求解最优控制问题的数值方法,文中提出了双向异步积分迭代的求解正则方程组的直接迭代法,较好解决了状态方程和协态方程稳定相逆给求解两点这值问题带来的困难。     

基于GPS载波相位的微卫星姿态算法研究

GPS姿态系统是利用GPS载波相位测量来确定载体的航向和姿态角。本文对微卫星的GPS姿态系统进行了研究。重点解决短基线的GPS状态算法，讨论了姿态价格函数的了小化方法。测试结果表明，所提的算法对小于1m的基线是有效的。