Effect of Random Synchronization Errors in PN and PSK Systems

The effect of a constant synchronization error on PN systems has been studied by Gill [1]. His results are generalized here for random synchronization errors, and extended to PSK systems using decision directed channel measurements [2]. In both cases, it is shown that the effect of random synchronization errors is to reduce the effective input signal power and to introduce an additional self-noise. The effect is minimized when the synchronization error has zero mean and can easily be evaluated in terms of circuit parameters.     

基于HSP50110、HSP50210和FPGA的机载超短波电台接收通道设计

介绍了基于软件无线电原理利用Intersil公司下变频芯片HSP50110、科斯塔斯环芯片HSP50210和FPGA芯片EP1C12实现的某机载超短波电台数字扩频接收机通道,它可以完成AM、FM、FSK、PSK等常用调制方式的下变频、同步、解调及伪码的快速并行捕获与跟踪。系统带宽8．1218MHz,用FPGA实现了一种新的全并行捕获延迟锁定环算法,捕获时间不大于一个伪码周期,抗干扰容限大于80dB。     

深空测控再生伪码测距技术研究

针对深空测控任务中低信噪比情况下的航天器高精度测距问题,对再生伪码测距技术进行论述。介绍再生伪码测距技术原理,再生伪码测距通过再生方式消除信号上行链路噪声,提高了信噪比,但需要复杂的相关器;分析再生伪码测距采用的陶思沃斯码结构,详细论述再生伪码测距信号的地面上行、星上再生、地面下行处理过程,重点介绍各处理过程中的指标条件,并对再生伪码测距进行误差分析;重点对比分析再生伪码测距与传统透明转发测距,指出前者适合于深空低信噪比条件下的高精度测距,后者适用于近地高信噪比条件下的测距。     

PSK communications systems using fully saturated power amplifiers

Quasiconstant envelope phase-shift keying (PSK) is analyzed to assess its ability to overcome nonlinearities caused by fully saturated RF power amplifiers in communications systems. These modulations can achieve bit error rate (BER) performance comparable to linear BPSK in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. Quasiconstant envelope offset quadrature PSK (OQPSK) is presented as a design example. At a BER = 10/sup -5/, the SNR degradation caused by fully saturated power amplifiers is 0.1 dB. The simulated BER matches analytically derived results. For a communications system employing the quasiconstant envelope OQPSK and a rate 1/2 convolutional code with K = 7, the demodulation performance is degraded by 0.25 dB at a BER = 10/sup -5/ when a fully saturated power amplifier is employed.     

航空发动机双转子-滚动轴承耦合系统的动力特性分析

在轴承动力学和转子动力学基础上建立了某航空发动机双转子-滚动轴承耦合系统的非线性动力学数学模型,采用Newmark有限元法进行了数值求解,就转子转速、中介轴承的游隙和滚子个数以及支承轴承参数对双转子系统动力特性的影响进行了分析并加以实验验证.研究结果表明:①中介圆柱滚子轴承游隙值对双转子系统动力特性影响很大,其原始游隙值取20μm更利于系统运行的稳定性;②支承轴承内、外沟曲率半径的选取将直接影响着双转子系统动力特性;③高压转子与低压转子耦合节点处位移随高压转子转速的增加而减小,随低压转子转速的增加而增加;④中介耦合轴承节点处位移的理论计算值与实验值较为吻合,最大误差为18.7%.      

基于数字高速数据解调的Trellis-Coded MPSK与载波相位噪声

本文基于一种数字解调系统分析了在AWGN信道中载波相位噪声对Trellis-Coded MPSK的影响。同时利用存在载波相位噪声条件下的误码率上界公式，运用仿真工具simulink对未编码情况下的QPSK与Trellis-Coded MPSK及级联卷积编码情况下的QPSK与Trellis-Coded MPSK进行了蒙特卡罗仿真。分析结果表明：TCM-8PSK具有较强的载波相位噪声抑制能力。该结果对于进一步研究TCM-8PSK在卫星数传系统中的应用具有重要的参考价值。     

An Optimum Phase Reference Detector for Fully Modulated Phase-Shift Keyed Signals

Many modern telemetry systems which use phase-shift keying (PSK) have receivers which derive a coherent reference from the fully modulated PSK signal itself and thus conserve the energy which otherwise would be allocated to a discrete reference signal. In this paper, an optimum receiver structure for estimating a phase reference from the PSK signal itself is derived and its realization discussed. It is shown that at low signal-to-noise ratios, the optimum detector can be realized with a Costas loop. Since a Costas loop and squaring loop exhibit identical performance, it follows that either of these simple devices gives optimum performance for low-input signal-to-noise ratios.     

GPS信号快速捕获方案研究

设计在高动态环境下工作的GPS接收机,其难点之一在于对卫星伪码的快速捕获。针对缩短GPS接收机捕获伪随机码时间的问题,本文在对GPS信号结构作出分析的前提下,介绍了时域滑动相关的常规捕获方法;提出了基于FFT的快速捕获技术,并在matlab环境下做了系统仿真,仿真结果显示捕获速度可以得到显著提高。     

Surrogate teleoperated vehicle (STV)

The design of the STV is described. The STV system consists of two parts: the remote platform (RP) and the mobility/RSTA Module (MOB/RSTA). The RP consists of the carrier base and the remote control electronics that provide an interface to all systems on the STV and the communication system. It is based on an off-the-shelf Polaris six-wheel-drive, Ackerman-steered all-terrain vehicle that can exceed 58 km/h. The current automatic drive train will be modified using a dual motor hybrid concept that incorporates an electric motor to provide slow speed mobility when an ultraquiet mode is required. All electronics are packed in waterproof enclosures that allow for easy changeout of electronic components for simple and rapid maintenance operations. The modular MOB/RSTA module consists of an elevating mast and a pan and tilt turret with a variety of sensors. The electronics for the control of all turret functions, including sensor interfaces, are totally self-contained within the turret     

航空发动机双转子系统的拍振分析

 在双转子航空发动机中,由于转子系统不可避免地存在不平衡量,当两个转子的转速比较接近时,发动机会出现拍振现象,拍振将引起振动强度过大问题。对双转子系统的拍振进行了研究,分析了拍振的周期性、信号强度及其反向转子特性,阐明了拍振产生的机理和特征,并采用数值仿真和试验对拍振进行了定量分析和验证。研究表明,拍振与双转子转速差和不平衡量的相位因素有关,当转速差小于工作转速的20%时,双转子系统拍振信号的强度较大。     

航天测控通信系统中的高速数据传输技术

提出了多载波码分多址测控通信系统的概念，该系统不但能完成伪码精确测距，而且能进行高速数据传输。本文对实施方案作了探讨，并对其关键技术进行了分析。     

变频调速无人机舵机液压助力系统设计技术研究

无人机液压系统一般包括舵机助力液压系统,起落架收放系统及刹车系统。设计了一种无人机舵机使用的变频调速液压系统,通过对系统的动态特性进行仿真分析。结果表明,系统的动态特性稳定,能够满足无人机舵机的助力需求。设计的变频调速无人机舵机液压助力系统具有伺服电动机控制的灵活性和液压系统功率输出大的双重优点,其结构简单,可靠性高,可控性强,功率损失小,能够满足无人机的要求,对无人机液压系统设计具有重要的意义。     

卫星高速8PSK调制器中成形滤波器设计及其基于并行查表的FPGA实现

根据高速8PSK卫星调制器的要求,针对数字化基带成形滤波的信号处理特点,提出一种基于部分卷积和并行查表的高速卫星成形滤波器设计方法及基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)芯片结构的FPGA算法。用片内的BLOCKRAM精心设计查找表,通过改变查找表内容可适用于各种信道限带性能要求的传输系统。在X ILINX公司V irtex2-1000芯片上完成该方案,MODELSIM的时序仿真结果表明可支持高达400Mb it/s的输入数据,满足卫星通信高速成形的要求。     

Effect of Noncoherent FSK Versus PSK on Waveform Error in PCM Telemetry

In a recent paper [1] the authors presented an optimization strategy for the transmission of analog data over a PCM telemetry link. Constraints imposed included real-time operation and both average and peak power limitations on the transmitter. The selected strategy used Karhunen-Loeve (KL) sampling, unequal bit assignments, optimum uniform quantizing, the natural code, and PSK reception. In this paper, the performance of the above system will be compared to the same system using noncoherent FSK reception instead of PSK. The performance criterion used for the comparison is the mean integral squared error criterion.     

Design and Performance of an Adaptive Kalman Receiver for Synchronous Data Transmission

A class of multilevel linear-modulation data-transmission systems, over unknown, slowly time-varying, and bandlimited channels is considered. It is shown how sequence estimation in the presence of Gaussian noise and intersymbol interference can be carried out by means of a discrete Kalman estimator. Moreover, the receiver can be provided with data-aided adaptive loops for performing channel identification, carrier recovery, and timing extraction. A computational method is presented to evaluate the average probability of error of the overall system in the presence of inter-symbol interference, additive noise, and phase-and sampling-synchronization errors. The method is based upon nonclassical one-and two-dimensional quadrature rules, which are outlined in the Appendix. As an example, numerical performance results related to a phase-shift-keying (PSK) system are given. The results are obtained by means of general-purpose and system-oriented computers.     

Imperfect Carrier Recovery Effect on Filtered PSK Signals

Coherent demodulation of a PSK signal requires the generation of a local carrier phase reference. Methods are given to determine the detection loss caused by noisy phase recovery and its use in the coherent detection of filtered BPSK and QPSK signals. It is assumed that the phase noise can have a static part and a random component with a Tikhonov-type distribution. The static part is mostly due to offset frequency tracking of the PLL used to recover the carrier, while the random component is due to thermal noise present in the carrier recovery loop and is also due to the random nature of the phase modulation. It is shown that the probability of error of BPSK and QPSK can be expressed as a finite sum of a set of strictly alternating converging series when the number of ISI terms is finite. Upper and lower bounds on the probability of error have been derived when this number becomes infinite and we show how this error rate can be computed with any desired accuracy. Numerical results are presented for various values of static error and phase noise variance when the transmit and receive filters are 4-pole Butterworth filters. For filtered PSK signals and for a bit error rate of 10-6, our results show that the additional degradation in presentday receiver systems due to imperfect carrier recovery can be less than 0.1 dB for BPSK and less than 1 dB for QPSK.     

一种基于模型的双转子不平衡故障诊断方法

建立了双转子系统内外转子同时具有不平衡故障时振动响应分析模型,给出了双转子不平衡故障的微差速测试方法,构造了不平衡故障的非线性优化识别模型.分析了双转子可测点不平衡响应对转速与不平衡量之间的灵敏度关系,讨论了双转子不平衡故障的可诊断性问题,并利用数值仿真和试验对该方法进行了检验.研究表明,当测试数据含有一定的噪声时,利用少量的测点和转子的转速信息,可较准确地识别转子不平衡量故障.      

An Analysis of Helicopter Rotor Modulation Interference

In satellite-to-helicopter communications, interference exists on the incoming signal when the receiving antenna is located below the rotor blades. A bound is established for the performance of a coherent fixed-tone ranging system operating at L band in this interference environment. The scalar diffracted field beneath the rotating blades, at L band and above, is found to satisfy the criterion of Fresnel diffraction, and is computed using the techniques of Fourier optics. The diffracted field is expressed in terms of a narrow-band signal. The amplitude and phase components are calculated from a Fourier Series expansion using the FFT algorithm. The significant harmonics of the phase component of the interference combine with the baseband of the narrow-band, phase-modulated ranging signal. This results in CW interference, and in rearrangement of the first-order, sideband, ranging-tone channel powers. The degradation in ranging accuracy is evaluated by computing the signal-to-interference (SIR) ratio for a set of ranging tones. The post-detection (SIR)PD at the output of the correlator is shown to be a function of the amplitude of the phase harmonics of the interference, the relative difference between the ranging tone and interference center frequencies (a function of rotor speed), the rangetone modulation indices, and the post-detection filter noise bandwidth.     

Digital Communication Systems in Impulsive Atmospheric Radio Noise

Analyses are presented of the performance of binary and M-ary coherent and noncoherent communication systems operating in the impulsive atmospheric radio noise environment. The receiver is usually a maximum likelihood detector for white Gaussian interference and therefore has the form of a parallel bank of matched filters followed by decision circuitry. By employing a Poisson or generalized Shot noise model for the impulsive noise with a suitable probability density function (pdf), closed-form expressions and bounds of error probabilities for M-ary noncoherent and coherent amplitude-shift keying (ASK), phase-shift keying (PSK), and frequency-shift keying (FSK) systems are obtained and the results discussed.     

Acquisition of Pseudonoise Codes in FH Systems

Acquisition schemes for acquiring pseudonoise (PN) signals in a frequency hopping (FH), spread spectrum (SS) system are presented. For the purpose of acquiring the PN code the received signal is modeled by an autoregressive (AR) process. The parameters of the AR process are determined by identifying a related set of parameters called the partial correlation coefficients. The power spectrum of the received signal and hence the PN code is estimated from the identified AR parameters. The high accuracy of the estimated PN codes permits the use of a simple error correcting logic to accelerate the acquisition process.