AEGIS ORTS-the first and future ultimate integrated diagnosticssystem

The AEGIS Weapon System's Operational Readiness Test System (ORTS) was the predecessor to current Integrated Diagnostic Systems. Evolving from cost effective, diagnostic mix modeling and analysis, it optimally integrated the diagnostic apparatus of the era with AEGIS weapons. As such system's target the 21st century, more complete integration can be achieved. An entire ship, including weapon system, hull mechanical and electrical systems, and propulsion systems can be serviced by a single Integrated Diagnostic System     

Generic Integrated Maintenance Diagnostics

Maintenance Support for a weapon system involves both preventive and corrective maintenance actions. Preventive maintenance is normally associated with mechanical equipment, and requires prognostic maintenance techniques to predict failures before they occur. Corrective maintenance is more closely associated with electronic equipment, and requires diagnostic maintenance techniques to detect and isolate failures after they occur. To pursue a systems approach to weapon system maintenance using both prognostics and diagnostics, the Air Force has initiated a program entitled, ``Generic Integrated Maintenance Diagnostics (GIMADs)'. This paper provides insight into the GIMADS program at Aeronautical Systems Division.     

Three Years of Progress in Integrated Diagnostics

In 1983 the NSIA sponsored the first Integrated Diagnostics National Conference. The major finding from this Conference was the lack of integration of those technologies which are part of the diagnostic process. Since that time, much has been done to implement the concept of integrated diagnostics. The NSIA has produced a baseline report on the implementation of the concept. This was followed by a series of Service programs aimed at implementation. The Office of the Secretary of Defense considers solutions to the diagnostic problem to be one of its major R&D goals. This paper discusses the progress made during the last three years on the implementation of integrated diagnostics. The paper also discusses the author's ideas on where the program is going.     

Benefits and challenges of Integrated Sensor Systems

Projection of avionics system costs shows unacceptable escalation as a percentage of flyaway cost. Time sharing of RF modules between Radar, EW and CNI offers savings. The Air Forces' PAVE PACE program defined the benefits and initial architecture approaches. From this, an optimum Integrated Sensor System (ISS) design was defined that reduces the life cycle cost of the fleet of vehicles using the common modules. The ISS program will design, build and test modules to prove the approach. Challenges to overcome include system complexity, real time control, test and calibration, and diagnostics. The most stressing requirements were determined by analyzing requirements for Radar, EW and CNI. Open interface specifications and module partitioning were developed that can meet all the requirements     

Analysis of conventional and asymmetric aircraft configurations using CEASIOM

One of the main drivers behind the SimSAC project and the CEASIOM software is to bring stability analysis and control system design earlier into the aircraft conceptual design process. Within this paper two very different aircraft are considered, a conventional T-tail based on the existing EA500 Very Light Jet and the second, a novel Z-wing configuration known as the GAV or general aviation vehicle. The first aircraft serves as a baseline comparison for the second, and the cruise case is considered as a benchmark for identifying potential drag reductions and aircraft stability characteristics. CEASIOM, the Computerised Environment for Aircraft Synthesis and Integrated Optimisation Methods, is used to generate aerodynamic data sets for both aircraft, create trim conditions and the associated linear models for classical stability analysis. The open-loop Z-wing configuration is shown to display both highly unstable and coupled modes before a multivariable Stability Augmentation System (SAS) is applied both to decouple and stabilise the aircraft. Within this paper, these two aircraft provide a test case with which to demonstrate the capabilities of the CEASIOM environment and the tools which have been developed during the SimSAC project. This new software suite is shown to allow conceptual development of unconventional novel configurations from mass properties through adaptive-fidelity aerodynamics to linear analysis and control system design.     

武器系统虚拟样机设计环境

根据当前武器系统设计的需要,对武器系统虚拟样机设计环境进行了讨论。首先介绍了虚拟样机（ＶＰ）研究的背景及其在武器系统设计中的意义。然后重点探讨了虚拟样机以及虚拟样机设计环境的概念,并对武器系统虚拟样机设计环境的系统结构以虚拟样机建模和虚拟实验进行了详细介绍,提出了旨在面向大型复杂武器系统的虚拟样机及设计环境的研究与开发思路。     

基于UKF的GPS/SINS组合导航直接式滤波算法

基于无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)方法,使用姿态、速度、位置等9个导航参数组成状态向量,以GPS系统输出的速度、位置组成6维观测向量,构建直接式结构的UKF滤波器。该滤波器能够直接反映系统导航参数的动态过程,准确显示运动状态演变。针对GPS/SINS组合导航系统的特点,构建了GPS/SINS组合导航直接式卡尔曼滤波仿真验证系统,仿真结果验证了基于UKF的GPS/SINS组合导航直接式滤波算法的有效性,该直接式非线性滤波算法可使惯性组合导航系统的导航精度得到提高。     

综合飞行器健康管理系统组成框架及关键技术研究

综合飞行器健康管理系统（IVHMS）技术在提高飞行器的安全性、降低飞行成本等方面具有重要作用。在综合大量文献的基础上,介绍了IVHMS的组成和框架,重点分析了组成IVHMS的机载健康管理系统和地面健康管理系统所用到的关键技术,总结了现阶段IVHMS研究和实现中存在的若干问题和需要深入的发展趋势。     

New low cost avionics with INS/GPS for a variety of vehicles

Development of a new vehicle avionics suite is described, including integration of a low-cost, tightly-coupled integrated Inertial Navigation System/Global Positioning System (INS/GPS) to support vehicle guidance, navigation, and control (GN&C). A wide variety of next-generation low-cost launch vehicles could potentially benefit from integrated INS/GPS technology for GN&C and/or range safety applications. Coleman Aerospace Company (CAC) has developed a new low-cost avionics suite, the generic Integrated Mission Guidance & Tracking System (IMGTS), an open architecture, modular system that supports the requirements for various guidance applications and range safety tracking. As part of this development, Boeing North American, Inc. is supplying its Modular Miniature Integrated GPS/INS Tactical System (M-MIGITS^TM) Military-Off-The-Shelf (MOTS) INS/GPS product to support CAC's IMGTS GN&C     

导弹武器系统综合保障管理信息系统的设计及实现

根据海军导弹使用、维护情况以及技术保障要求,建立导弹武器系统综合保障管理信息系统。本系统结合武器装备信息系统,支持装备管理部门进行维修性决策,辅助基层单位进行故障定位、查找故障原因,并指导维修保障实际,以适应未来海上局部冲突和突发事件对海军军械保障的要求。     

IMA系统软件集成过程的相关考虑

IMA 架构在军机民机中的应用越来越成熟,其灵活的架构思想推动了软件往更高的可重用性方向发 展,同时也增加了软件系统的集成难度。因此,在基于IMA 软件系统开发过程中,软件集成活动越来越重要, 软件集成能力的要求越来越高。本文根据已有项目经验,结合通用集成开发环境的应用,对IMA 软件系统集 成过程提出了一系列注意事项及相关实践说明。     

飞行器体系优化设计问题

针对传统的飞行器设计与体系（SOS）设计相互独立造成的飞行器实际作战效能不足的问题,对同时考虑飞行器与体系耦合设计的飞行器体系优化设计问题展开研究。首先,根据体系工程（SOSE）原理给出了耦合飞行器设计与体系结构设计的飞行器体系优化设计问题的基本概念与通用数学定义;其次,基于多层体系架构,构建了飞行器体系设计优化模型,提出了包含问题定义、体系架构建模、学科建模、优化求解4个步骤的通用建模求解流程;最后,以巡飞/精确打击武器协同作战为例,构建了面向任务成本最低、时间最短的协同作战体系最优化问题并对其进行优化求解。与先设计飞行器后设计体系结构的解耦设计结果对比表明,解耦优化设计忽略了体系结构与飞行器的强耦合特征,无法最优化体系效能;耦合优化设计能够获得体系效能最大化的飞行器设计方案。     

航空装备综合诊断的现状与发展设想

综合诊断是伴随着装备的发展和对装备保障能力的要求不断提高而产生和发展的,为此将国外航空装备综合诊断技术的发展历程以及各综合诊断系统的具体组成进行了对比,阐述了当前我国航空装备故障诊断的情况,分析了综合诊断的支撑技术和发展趋势,提出在我国航空装备的维修保障中实施综合诊断的必要性,并对我国建立面向多机型、多专业、以网络为中...     

Modular Stores Management System

Advanced Military aircraft operational requirements demand an ever increasing variety and quantity of Stores, coupled with continuous improvement in mission success, safety of operation, aircrew and groundcrew workload, interoperability and ground support facilities. Until now these ever more demanding requirements have been met by costly customized stores management system designs. GEC Avionics has surveyed the potential SMS requirements of a comprehensive range of aircraft and weapon types, in order to define a universal SMS design concept based on system availability, integrity and reliability, operational functions, peripheral interfaces and maintenance/human factors. This advanced concept not only includes provision for all existing weapon types but also has growth potential for the evolving MIL-STD-1760 weapon interfaces. System interface requirements have been rationalized in order to achieve a Modular Stores Management System (MSMS) design based on major factors such as cost, mission requirements and customer specifications. The key work for a successful MSMS design is flexibility and GEC Avionics has evolved a set of standard modules which can be packaged to satisfy specific customer needs. Typically, the standard modules provide over 80% of the hardware in every Stores Management application. The MSM concept features much reduced development costs and timescales, commonality between aircraft types minimizing parts inventory, VLSI technology providing high reliability and a common product support and maintenance philosophy. The MSM design offers a highly cost effective low risk concept for meeting the needs of modernization and new aircraft programs.     

一种导航精度的综合评估表示方法

为了评估表示导航系统精度, 提出一种基于雷达图的综合评估表示方法, 包括速度、位置、姿态精度的评估表示。雷达图具有可视化的优点, 便于进行优劣分 析、综合评价,因此可以直观地将导航系统的精度表达出来。以捷联惯导系统和全球卫 星定位系统的组合导航系统精度对比分析为例进行研究,采用雷达图的方式取得了较好 的对比分析效果。将雷达图应用在组合导航系统的精度评估中,可简明直观地考核其精 度和性能,这为导航系统精度评估表示提供了一种有效的手段。     

通用飞行器气动优化设计数字化集成平台——DIPasda

未来航空工业的发展,需要解决多学科综合设计的关键问题,为新型高性能飞行器的设计提供有力的设计方法和设计工具。DIPasda作为复杂外形设计的通用飞行器多学科优化设计平台,研制目的主要是提供一套新型通用、鲁棒、高效的优化设计架构,应用于通用飞行器工业设计环境,改善传统设计耗时低效的状况,提高新型飞行器设计的效率和精度。DIPasda平台系统包含了优化设计过程中所需用到的各类方法,主要包括数值优化算法、几何模型参数化方法、代理模型方法、高精度的学科分析工具等。通过详细介绍平台的系统架构、主要的功能模块、伴随优化设计和多目标优化设计流程,展现了DIPasda平台系统架构设计的灵活性和功能模块的完备性。最后通过优化算例展示了系统的综合优化设计能力。     

雷达型空-空导弹仿真试验研究

随着导弹武器系统的快速发展,仿真在导弹综合试验中,发挥越来越重要的作用,因为它是缩短导弹系统的研制周期,提高效费比的关键。本文叙述了雷达型空-空导弹的特点和导弹仿真系统的设计,并介绍了导弹与机载设备的综合试验程序,最后对导弹截获目标概率进行了分析。     

Integrating diagnostic knowledge

The use of artificial intelligence technique to access, analyze, and integrate different types of knowledge under a single diagnostic concept is described. Repair statistics and field experience are handled by an empirical knowledge (shallow reasoning) diagnostic system in order to retain the experience of expert test personnel. Computer-aided-design knowledge is handled by model-based (deep reasoning) diagnostic systems in order to extract diagnostics directly from design data. Combining these approaches overcomes limitations of the individual techniques and provides a more powerful diagnostic system. The Westinghouse expert diagnostic system is considered as an example     

民机设计中的多学科优化和数值模拟

 结合世界民机研制的历程,论述了未来民机产品的要求和应用先进技术的重要性。讨论了市场模式的变化,即要求航空工业界提供更高,更快和更远（技术驱动型）的产品转变为生产快、价格低而性能更好（市场驱动型）的产品。这种变化要求新的设计方法,工具和过程。传统的按序和迭代的飞机设计模式将逐渐走向新的更加综合性的,如虚拟产品或综合的产品和过程发展的设计方法。多学科优化设计是实现新的综合设计方法的关键技术。文中简要地讨论了此方法和介绍了工业界应用的要求。计算流体力学（CFD）起着推动走向综合设计过程的作用。文中详细地说明了CFD对民机成功设计的中心作用,讨论了它的分析和设计的功能。数值模拟是未来飞机设计和发展中的关键模型化和模拟技术,对于现代化的综合设计的成功应用是很重要的。     

开放式飞机总体设计环境的原型研究

 为综合集成飞机总体设计过程中所使用的各种设计分析工具以更大程度地发掘软件资源的技术价值、提高设计质量和设计效率,提出了采用开放式系统进行资源整合的方法。分析了飞机总体设计中软件应用所存在的问题及典型集成系统发展现状,定义了飞机总体设计中的模块、组件、子系统等功能实体单元及开放式系统架构的概念,并以此为基础设计了包含资源层、中间层、应用层和协同层4个层次的系统软件架构以及构建于网络之上的系统硬件架构体系。规划了系统集成与数据传输逻辑,提出了采用智能体进行飞机总体设计分析工具集成的途径,完成了包括组件自定义开发、方案设计和任务管理在内的各子系统构建逻辑并实现其正常运转。最后给出了基于系统开放式架构所形成的战斗飞机总体设计环境以说明系统集成的可行性及应用前景。