Nonlinear dynamics of antennas in space communication facilities

A mathematical model of complex vibrations for the cantilever Bernoulli-Euler beam in the XOZ plane constructed by the finite difference and finite element methods and the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method is presented. We determined the critical value of the damping coefficient ɛ = 0.28, at which the system changes from the dissipative state to conservative one, using the Morlet wavelet. The results of analyzing the frequency characteristics of the system are presented.     

Unsteady characteristic research on aerodynamic interaction of slotted wingtip in flapping kinematics

The slotted wingtip structure of birds is considered to be the product of improving flight efficiency in the process of evolution. It can change the vortex structure of wingtip and improve aerodynamic efficiency. This paper reports a numerical investigation of slotted wing configuration undergoing bio-inspired flapping kinematics(consisting of plunging and in-line movement)extracted from a free-flying bald eagle wing. The aim is to eluci-date the collective mechanism of the flow generated by slo...     

A brief history of UWB antennas

This paper provides an historical overview of ultra-wideband antennas presenting key advances at the root of modern designs.     

开缝空腔抑制翼型跨声速抖振的数值模拟

采用非定常雷诺平均Navier-Stokes(URANS)方法计算了18%双圆弧翼型的跨声速抖振特性,分析了翼面激波振荡及流场结构演化的特点,研究了在翼型表面开通气空腔抑制跨声速抖振的可行性,对空腔深度、开缝数目对激波振荡的抑制效果进行了对比分析。计算发现,18%双圆弧翼型的跨声速激波自激振荡只有向前的运动,没有向后的运动,开缝空腔能够抑制翼型跨声速抖振,但对抖振频率影响不大;空腔深度大,抑制效果好,但空腔深度变化对振荡频率影响不大;开2、3、4个槽缝抑制抖振的效果差别不大,开缝数量对抖振频率影响不大。     

索穹顶结构的气动阻尼识别

索穹顶是一种具有很强风振敏感性的大跨柔性结构,风振问题在设计中应予以高度重视,这其中气动阻尼有至关重要的影响,而如何有效地识别气动阻尼则是问题的关键.利用肋环型索穹顶结构气弹模型风洞实验的数据,先由经验模态分解法提取信号的低频分量,并在此基础上采用改进的随机减量法及Hilbert变换得到结构的气动阻尼,结果证明该方法是稳定而有效的.最后在计算分析的基础上总结了索穹顶结构中气动阻尼随风速及风向角的变化规律.     

跨声速风洞槽壁干扰评估与修正技术的应用

目前先进跨声速风洞试验段多采用槽壁形式,而国内对槽壁干扰的认识较少,尚未进行过槽壁干扰的评估和修正工作。本文基于理想槽壁均匀边界条件和经典方法,利用先进构型民机标模对槽壁干扰特性进行了评估和修正,在验证方法准度的基础上,对比分析了国内2.4 m跨声速风洞和欧洲跨声速风洞（ETW）槽壁干扰的差异和规律。结果表明,修正后的试验数据与ETW参考数据吻合较好,修正量、干扰因子与ETW评估结果一致。与传统孔壁试验修正方法相比,本文方法原理清晰,计算简便、快速,可方便应用于其他类似槽壁风洞中,可作为壁压信息法的辅助手段以提高国内试验数据质量,并为国内先进跨声速风洞的设计和调试提供借鉴。     

Performance of phased-array antennas with mechanical errors

The performance of planar phase-array antennas with mechanical errors is investigated. Errors in array element positions as a result of structural distortions are considered as deterministic and predictable. Detailed calculations for two assumed modes of distortion reveal that their effects on antenna performance are the loss of peak response in the scan direction and the broadening of the mainlobe, while the far-out sidelobe structure remains relatively intact. For large antennas, performance improvement can be expected by suitable phase compensation. Performance of antennas with random errors in their element positions must be treated statistically. Expressions of average directivity and sidelobe level corresponding to arbitrary error magnitudes in element position, amplitude and phase of excitation as well as finite rate of failure of element modules were derived and verified by direct numerical calculations from the antenna directivity patterns. For a planar phased-array antenna typical for space-based radars, the standard deviation of element position errors must not exceed 1% of the operating wavelength in order to maintain a -10 dBi sidelobe level     

双倾斜壁缝式机匣处理对离心压气机性能的影响

采用数值仿真手段研究不同倾斜方向的双倾斜壁缝式机匣处理对离心压气机性能的影响.研究结果表明:合适的机匣处理缝倾角组合有助于合理组织导叶和动叶气流角匹配关系.通过详细分析离心压气机内部流场表明:双倾斜壁缝式机匣处理方案A通过对动叶叶尖泄漏流的抽吸和重新组织,对机匣处理缝后部的低能流体抽吸并吸除,经过背腔在机匣处理缝前部重新注入相邻的叶栅流道,从而在轴向和周向控制了叶尖泄漏流的发展,改善了下游的堵塞情形,大幅度提高了压气机的稳定工作裕度.      

典型索类结构的应用及索力计算方法

索结构是一种张力结构,被广泛地应用在现代军事和生活领域中,为了便于了解这类结构,阐述了索的力学特性,并指出索体的构成,以及常用索体的材料和性能参数.并对索在舰载直升机、斜拉桥等设施上的使用情况作了一定的介绍,并对这几种情况下索力计算及索力优化的方法进行了综合介绍.     

开槽叶片对大转角扩压叶栅性能的影响

采用从压力面向吸力面开槽的局部流动控制方法,设计了一种收敛转折型的槽道结构.实验对不同冲角下开槽叶栅的进、出口流场进行了测量,利用实验结果对数值模拟结果进行了校核,通过数值计算进一步得到了详细的叶栅通道内流场情况,并进行了结构静力分析.结果表明:在4°进气攻角下,开槽后叶栅尾迹区宽度减小了16.7%,总压损失系数峰值减小了6.07%;在6°进气攻角下,总压损失系数峰值减小了14.7%.叶片开槽从压力面吸入的气流可有效加速吸力面附面层流动,抑制吸力面分离,从而降低总压损失,增大静压比,扩大稳定工作范围.槽道前壁面的转折处存在应力集中,需要进行改进.      

槽壁几何参数对跨声速风洞流场品质的影响

采用数值模拟方法研究了再入片开角、槽腔扩开角和开槽形状对跨声速槽壁风洞流场品质的影响。在数值模拟方面,介绍了对应的出入口边界条件设置方法,通过量纲分析得出适用于内流问题的相似参数。研究结果表明:再入片关闭工况下,其前缘处形成了声速喉道,难以建立稳定的试验段超声速流场;再入片打开工况下,试验段流场的不利扰动主要来自于从驻室到试验段的槽壁出流现象,其根源是驻室涡系产生的垂直于槽壁方向的冲击气流,较大的槽腔扩开角对冲击气流有一定的阻挡作用。槽壁各部件对试验段流场品质的影响均是通过增强或抑制槽壁出流来实现的,其中开槽平面形状的影响尤为突出。采用基于自由变形(FFD)的优化设计方法得到了适用于试验段马赫数0.8到1.2状态的开槽形状,优化结果显示初始构型中存在的槽壁出流大部分得到消除,模型区马赫数均方差降低了一个量级,证明了该方法的合理性与实用性。     

Preliminary design and optimization of slotted tube grain for solid rocket motor

In this paper,design and optimization technique of slotted tube grain for solid rocket motors has been discussed.In doing so,the design objectives and constraints have been set,geometric parameters identified,performance prediction parameters calculated,thereafter preliminary designs completed and finally optimal design reached.Geometric model for slotted tube grain configuration has been developed.Average thrust has been taken as the objective function with constraints of burning time,mass of propellant,fixed length and diameter of chamber case.Lumped parameter method has been used for calculating the performance prediction parameters.A set of preliminary designs has been completed and an analysis of these results conducted.Although all the preliminary results fulfill the design requirements in terms of objective function and constraints,however in order to attain the optimal design,Sequential quadratic programming optimization technique has been adopted.As the slotted tube grain geometry is totally dependent upon various independent variables and each of these variables has a bearing on explicit characteristic of grain designing,hence affects of the independent variables on performance parameters have been examined,thus variation laws have been developed.Basing on the variation laws and the analysis of preliminary design results,upper and lower limits have been defined for the independent geometric variables and an initial guess provided for conducting optimization.Results attained exhibits that an optimal result has been attained and the value of objective function has been maximized.All the design constraint limits have also been met while ensuring sound values of volumetric loading fraction,web fraction and neutrality.This methodology of design and optimization of slotted tube grain for solid rocket motors can be used by engineers as a reference guide for actual design and engineering purposes.      

基于分布式地面站天线的空间功率合成

卫星导航系统(GNSS)地面站天线对卫星进行上行注入时,信号到达卫星时较弱,容易受到干扰,故地面站注入天线需同时具备平时多目标注入和干扰时单目标功率增强的能力。利用卫星导航系统中地面站之间能够实现精密时间同步的特点,提出了一种基于分布式卫星导航地面站抛物面天线的空间功率合成方法,使用相位预补偿实现分布式天线阵到达目标卫星信号的相位粗同步;分析了相位误差、辐射功率误差对空间功率合成效率的影响,得到了阵元初始相位标定精度与相对定位精度的约束关系;并对合成信号的抗干扰能力和信号质量进行了研究。理论和仿真结果表明,当相位精度因子小于0.2时,4个等辐射功率天线在10°仰角以上波束扫描范围内的功率合成效率均在75%以上,且可以通过控制初始相位标定精度与相对定位精度实现更高的合成效率;而在合成效率要求75%以上时,天线辐射功率误差对合成效率的影响基本可以忽略。采用分布式波束扫描天线能够对地面站上行注入进行功率增强,可实现注入波束和功率的灵活配置,有效解决制约机动式和小型化地面站功率提升的瓶颈问题。     

Effects of RF absorbers on measurements of small antennas in smallanechoic chambers

In this work, the influence of resistive absorbers in the vicinity of small antennas was investigated, in order to define a lower limit for the size of a small anechoic chamber for antenna calibration and radiation pattern measurements, with respect to the distance between the antenna under test (AUT) and the RF absorbers lining the walls. Furthermore, the influence of a relatively narrow transmission channel, formed by the absorbers on the side walls between the measurement antenna and the AUT was investigated. It was found by measurements that absorbers with the length of 610 mm do not have a measurable effect on the radiation characteristics of a small antenna at around 1.8 GHz, as long as they are kept more than 100 mm from the AUT, and the transmission channel formed by the absorbers between the antennas is wider than 100 mm     

Arrangement of a spacecraft-borne scientific instrument container in the passing experiment

A solution of a problem on the attached mass arrangement aboard a flight vehicle as a scientific instrument container or a small satellite in the passing experiment is considered.     

Deployment dynamic analysis of deployable antennas considering thermal effect

Dynamic analysis of flexible multibody systems is complex. Several successful methods have been demonstrated. However, few works discussed the dynamic performance of the flexible multibody under different temperatures. This paper uses the absolute nodal coordinate formulation to analyze the flexible body dynamics of deployment structures under different temperatures to simulate space environments. The dynamic equations of finite element in temperature field are developed. Then a computer-aided simulation of flexible multibody systems in temperature field is implemented. A general four-bar mechanism under different temperatures as a simulation example is demonstrated, and the deployment characteristics of a special four-bar mechanism as a basic module of the hoop truss deployable antenna is analyzed under different temperatures in order to evaluate the dynamic performance of the deployable antenna in space environments. The simulation results indicate the influence factors of deployment dynamic characteristics include the structural form, material properties, geometric parameters and deployment planning in ambient and thermal/vacuum environments.     

平面叶栅尾流板开孔率对跨声速涡轮叶栅流道影响的数值分析

跨声速平面叶栅风洞中通常通过尾流板来改善平面叶栅周期性,针对尾流板的设计需求,利用数值模拟的方法,研究了尾流板在15%、30%、50%开孔率下对实验叶栅的影响。数值分析结果表明:叶栅尾缘激波在自由边界上反射后,返回到叶栅通道中,破坏了叶栅通道的周期性;开槽尾流板减少了反射波对叶栅通道的影响,减弱叶栅尾缘激波的反射波强度,在某特定情况下能使反射波变成膨胀波,从而提高了叶栅通道周期性;尾流板开孔率为15%时能极大地改善平面叶栅通道的周期性,相对于开孔率为50%时叶栅的周期性误差降低约16.43%。      

Plane wave spectrum and boresight error of radome-enclosed antennas

Ａｉｒｂｏｒｎｅｒａｄｏｍｅｍａｙｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｅｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｐｅｒｆｏｒｍａｎｃｅｄｅｇｒａｄａｔｉｏｎｔｏａｎｔｅｎｎａａｎｄｒａｄａｒｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ,ｅｖｅｎｉｆｄｅｓｉｇｎｅｄｅｌａｂｏｒａｔｅｌｙ．Ｓｉｎｃｅｒａｄｏｍｅｉｓａｄ...     

开槽尾流板对跨声速涡轮平面叶栅流场影响的实验

采用数值计算和实验相结合的方式研究了开槽尾流板对跨声速涡轮平面叶栅流场周期性的影响。通过数值计算研究了不同开孔率（10%、15%、30%、50%）和偏转角度（70°、71°、72°）下尾流板对叶片表面及叶栅流道出口压力分布的影响,并通过实验验证了尾流板对流道出口流场周期性的改善作用。结果表明:无尾流板时叶片表面压力分布明显偏离周期性计算结果,且流道出口压力分布的周期性误差较大;尾流板偏转角度和开孔率会影响叶片表面及叶栅流道出口的压力分布,适当调节尾流板参数能改善流场周期性;安装开孔率为50%,偏转角度为70°的尾流板时各流道出口的压力分布一致性最好且最接近周期性计算结果,计算和实验结果的周期性误差较无尾流板时分别降低47.6%和28.1%。