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《中国航空学报》2021,34(5):17-26
Accurate prediction of hypersonic boundary-layer transition plays an important role in thermal protection system design of hypersonic vehicles. Restricted by the capability of spatial diagnostics for hypersonic boundary-layer study, quite a lot of problems of hypersonic boundary-layer transition, such as nonlinearity and receptivity, remain outstanding. This work reports the application of focused laser differential interferometer to instability wave development across hypersonic boundary-layer on a flared cone model. To begin with, the focused laser differential interferometer is designed and set up in a Mach number 6 hypersonic quiet wind tunnel with the focal point in the laminar boundary-layer of a 5 degree half-angle flared cone model. Afterwards, instability experiments are carried out by traversing the focal point throughout the hypersonic boundary-layer and the density fluctuation along the boundary-layer profile is measured and analyzed. The results show that three types of instability waves ranging from 10 kHz to over 1 MHz are co-existing in the hypersonic boundary-layer, indicating the powerful capability of focused laser differential interferometer in dynamic response resolution for instability wave study in hypersonic flow regime; furthermore, quantitative analyses including spectra and bicoherence analysis of instability waves throughout the hypersonic boundary-layer for both cold and heated cone models are performed. 相似文献
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提出了一种薄壁圆筒结构外表面工作变形(ODS)连续扫描激光多普勒振动测试方法。将旋转平台与电动机控制引入激光连续扫描,发展了一种与激光连续扫描路径相匹配的电动机控制算法,使连续扫描激光振动测试应用于薄壁圆筒结构;对试验件进行了薄壁圆筒结构外表面激光连续扫描测试,获取了500 Hz内的前5阶模态,结果表明:该测试方法与商用激光离散点扫描测试模态振型的相关性在0.96以上,验证了薄壁圆筒连续扫描激光多普勒振动测试的可行性与准确性。连续扫描激光测试的效率高、测点密集,对进一步工程应用具有指导意义和实用价值。 相似文献
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曲面叶片三维工作变形连续扫描激光测试 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
提出一种曲面叶片三维工作变形连续扫描激光多普勒振动测试方法并应用于某压气机叶片的振动测试。将图像几何变换引入激光连续扫描,发展了一种适合曲面叶片这类非规则几何结构的激光连续扫描路径算法,使连续扫描激光振动测试应用于非矩形区域,并通过实验验证了其准确性。基于此测试方法,提出了曲面叶片三维工作变形的测试方法,研究了三维激光测试坐标分解原理。对某压气机叶片进行了三维激光连续扫描测试,获取了3600Hz内的前9阶模态,与商用三维激光离散点扫描测试模态振型的相关性基本在0.95以上,验证了三维连续扫描激光多普勒振动测试的可行性和准确性。连续扫描激光多普勒测试的效率高、测点密集,对进一步工程应用具有重要意义。 相似文献
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利用诱导空间非相干技术平滑的KrF准分子(248nm)激光驱动带有烧蚀层的平面靶,研究激光空间均匀性对产生完整飞片的影响,结果表明激光不均匀性在2%以下,能够产生完整的高速飞片,且完整飞片能够维持20ns以上不破裂;当激光不均匀性达到5%,激光引入流体力学不稳定性种子应很强,冲击波在靶内输运过程中不稳定性不断发展增强,到靶背时强到足以使飞片解体甚至气化,不能产生完整的飞片。为了获得尽可能高的飞片速度,采用激光与烧蚀层参数不匹配方法,使冲击波对飞片作多次加速。利用功率密度为1012 W/cm2的KrF激光与含50μm Kapton烧蚀层的5μm铝飞片作用,得到速度约10km/s的高速飞片,与模拟结果吻合得很好。 相似文献
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Pressure sensing and schlieren imaging with high resolution and sensitivity are applied to the study of the interaction of single-pulse laser energy with bow shock at Mach 5. An Nd:YAG laser operated at 1.06 lm, 100 mJ pulse energy is used to break down the hypersonic flow in a shock tunnel. Three-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations are solved with an upwind scheme to simulate the interaction. The pressure at the stagnation point on the blunt body is measured and calculated to examine the pressure variation during the interaction. Schlieren imaging is used in conjunction with the calculated density gradients to examine the process of the interaction. The results show that the experimental pressure at the stagnation point on the blunt body and schlieren imaging fit well with the simulation. The pressure at the stagnation point on the blunt body will increase when the transmission shock approaches the blunt body and decrease with the formation of the rarefied wave. Bow shock is deformed during the interaction. Quasi-stationary waves are formed by high rate laser energy deposition to control the bow shock. The pressure and temperature at the stagnation point on the blunt body and the wave drag are reduced to 50%, 75% and 81% respectively according to the simulation. Schlieren imaging has provided important information for the investigation of the mechanism of the interaction. 相似文献
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This paper describes a self-designed fiber-coupled tomography system and its application in combustion diagnostics. The tomographic technique, which combines tunable diode laser spectroscopy and algebraic reconstruction technique, enables the simultaneous reconstruction of temperature and gas concentration with both spatial and temporal resolutions. The system measures a maximum diameter of 35 cm in a circular area with a minimum spatial resolution of 1 mm×1 mm and temporal response of up to 1 kHz. Simulations validate the effects of the beam arrangement and discrete grid on reconstruction accuracy, and give the optimal beam arrangements. Experiments are made to demonstrate the tomography method, and systems are constructed in laboratory and on engineering test benches. 相似文献
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使用基于有限体积法和分区结构化网格划分的高分辨率数值方法,计算得到了两种吸气模式激光推力器模型在加速度为10 m/s2的发射过程中,其冲量耦合系数随海拔高度的变化规律。不考虑来流速度和空气补充时,高度特性计算结果与实验吻合得很好。结果表明:推力器与空气具有相对速度时,冲量耦合系数整体明显减小,导致激光推进单级入轨发射由吸气模式向火箭模式的切换点由目前预测的20~30 km明显下移至10~20 km;经过进气道增压处理后,冲量耦合系数大幅度提高,为了增大吸气模式的工作高度范围,进气道设计是必不可少的关键技术之一。 相似文献
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A novel, precise angle gauge is proposed. Incoming laser light is fed to the system through two separate condensing lenses. The phase difference between two rays is compensated by a phase modulator to hold a constant interference condition. The angle of the incoming light is measured by the modulation voltage. In comparison with conventional angle gauges, its advantages are high measurement accuracy, simple structure, and compatibility to feedback control systems. Because of these advantages, the angle gauge is suitable for navigation using angular information. Some examples of possible applications are provided. The experimental system was formed to be compatible with practical conditions and performance were verified experimentally. It is shown that an angle resolution less than 1×10-7 rd can be expected 相似文献
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A method for processing Doppler signals is proposed. The basic idea is to process the signal trace obtained by a transient recorder not numerically, but optically, storing it as an image in a spatial light modulator and obtaining the Fourier transform with the speed of light by the use of coherent laser light. Due to the finite resolution of the transient recorder and the light modulator, the image consists of rows of equally spaced bars. As a result of the Fourier transformation equally spaced dots are obtained. The distance between corresponding dots is proportional to the Doppler frequency to be determined. An experimental setup for testing this new principle is described. Simulated as well as real Doppler bursts are treated. The method is found to be a powerful tool for Doppler burst processing, especially when the signal-to-noise ratio is very poor. The use of a simple algorithm for frequency detection increases the confidence in correct data collection 相似文献
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数值仿真是研究激光增材制造过程中各类物理现象、揭示零件缺陷形成机理、优化增材制造工艺参数的重要手段,该领域学者针对增材制造过程中的热分析、金属粉末颗粒性质分析、微观结构分析、质量缺陷成因分析等方面,开展了大量研究,提出了相应的数学模型和方法。激光增材制造过程的数值仿真是一个在空间和时间上均跨越多个尺度的复杂问题,微观、介观、宏观尺度下数值仿真所关注的对象和所使用的方法各不相同;多数研究聚焦于某一尺度下的过程仿真,另一部分研究则基于不同模型的数据关系建立模型间的耦合关系,实现热-相、热-力的综合分析。对现阶段激光增材制造数值仿真领域的主要技术进行了综述,在梳理数值仿真基本流程的基础上,对其中涉及的热源模型,粉末模型,力学模型以及微观结构模型进行了介绍,讨论了其特点和适用性;结合相关技术领域的发展,探讨了激光增材制造数值仿真技术的发展方向,旨在为本领域的技术研究与发展提供参考。 相似文献
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在9种等离子体击穿温度下,数值模拟了二次反射式聚焦系统聚焦情况下激光推力器内流场的演化过程,得到了不同击穿温度对应的能量沉积率、推力峰值、冲量和冲量耦合系数,能量沉积率和推进性能参数在某个等离子体击穿温度值处发生突变。根据空气对激光的逆韧致吸收系数公式,计算了CO2激光辐照下不同等离子体击穿温度对应的空气辐射自由程,发现当等离子体击穿温度为14000K时,辐射自由程为1.4mm,与计算网格的典型尺寸相当,此时入射激光能量在一个网格内以一定效率被吸收,由此确定了基于逆韧致吸收的激光等离子体的击穿温度。 相似文献
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This study aims at estimating a moving heat source with a three dimensional inverse model and a high spatial resolution. In order to cope with the large amount of computations required in the three dimensional case, a linear unsteady inverse model based on the principle of superposition has been made. Two concepts are used to reduce the computation time: the first is linked to the diffusion time of the heat, and the second to the redundancy of information. Firstly, numerical tests are presented. Then, a laboratory experiment, consisting in the estimation of the flux of a moving laser beam, is described. 相似文献
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计算了激光斜程传输时的大气透过率,研究了激光对光电探测器的干扰和破坏。以1.06μm激光辐照PV型HgCdTe红外探测器为例,估算了对远距离红外制导反舰导弹实现有效干扰所需发射的激光能量,从理论上证明了低能量激光对红外制导反舰导弹的干扰与损伤的可行性。 相似文献
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为在既有硬件条件下提高工业计算机层析成像(computed tomography,CT)系统空间分辨率,分析了提高采样频率的半像素错位工业CT扫描方法,提出了一种基于代数迭代技术的直接重建算法,以面积权值对采集到的投影数据进行交替迭代,实现高分辨率图像重建.利用星型空间分辨率模型开展了计算机仿真分析,重建图像截止频率处的调制度达到0.8,表明了该方法提高空间分辨率的潜力.标准空间分辨率测试卡工业CT扫描重建实验结果进一步验证了其可行性和有效性.该方法简单、易行,在工业CT系统中有良好工程应用前景. 相似文献
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针对选区激光熔化成型悬垂结构过程进行温度场与应力场模拟。利用有限元分析软件建立三维瞬态选区激光熔化成型悬垂结构的过程模型,分析加工过程温度场应力场分布情况及变化趋势。针对不同激光功率与扫描速度对悬垂结构成型质量的影响进行仿真分析与实验验证。分析结果表明,在选区激光熔化成型悬垂结构过程中,在激光扫描悬垂位置时熔池温度值明显高于激光扫描打印件中心位置时的熔池温度,成型件与基板接触的边角位置具有最大的残余应力,悬垂结构位置出现明显变形,在激光功率与扫描速度比值不变情况下,激光功率越大,悬垂结构位置变形越大。 相似文献