飞行模拟器视景软件开发

视景系统是飞行模拟器系统中的一个主要的子系统,涉及图形学、虚拟现实、软件工程等学科。介绍了虚拟现实技术和视景软件开发平台Vega以及利用Vega开发视景系统的技术和过程,并利用Vega开发了基于六自由度平台的飞行模拟器视景系统。软件目前已经能实现单机场的飞机滑跑、起飞、降落的视景模拟。     

民用飞机组合视景系统设计研究

组合视景系统聚集了合成视景系统和视景增强系统各自的优势,并通过有效的图像融合进一步提高了图像信息质量,将大大提高飞行员对飞机周围环境的情景意识,从而进一步提高飞行的安全性。针对民用飞机组合视景系统的设计,提出了对其功能及性能、安全性评估及设计保障等级、组成及架构、人机接口、布置安装、验证及适航等方面的通用考虑和设计指南。     

教练机飞行模拟器视景系统的选择

视景系统是飞行模拟器的重要组成部分,是飞行员获取信息的主要渠道。本文以教练机训练任务对视景系统的需求为立足点,回顾了飞行模拟器视景系统的发展简况,分析了主要几种视景系统的原理及技术特点,阐述了教练机飞行模拟器该如何选择视景系统。     

一种三通道球带幕视景系统的开发

飞行仿真试验环境要求提供大视场角、高实时性的视景系统。在分析飞控系统要求的基础上,提出了一种三通道球带幕视景系统的开发方案,并对其进行了数字模拟与分析,最后对其性能指标进行了验证,结果表明该视景系统具有视场角大和高实时性等特点,能够满足飞控系统试验环境的要求。     

激光投影系统在飞行模拟器上的应用

视景系统是飞行模拟器的重要组成部分,对保证模拟训练效果起着至关重要的作用,而对于采用投影显示的视景系统来说,投影器的性能则在很大程度上决定了视景系统的性能.本文以AVIOR激光投影系统为例对激光投影系统进行了详细的介绍,并与传统的CRT、LCD、DLP投影器进行了比较,最后对激光投影系统的发展前景进行了分析.     

Tropos视景系统数据库建模分析

视景系统是飞行模拟机为飞行员提供真实视觉感受的仿真系统.飞行视景数据库作为飞行仿真系统的重要组成部分,其层次结构及复杂程度直接影响视景系统的真实程度.本文介绍了基于Lithos平台的Tropos视景数据库建模工具集的特点,开发过程及在飞行模拟机上的安装、调试方法.     

直升机飞行模拟器视景系统地形数据库的设计与实现

由于直升机飞行高度低、飞行速度较慢,直升机飞行模拟器的视景系统具有特殊性。本文以某直升机飞行模拟器为背景,详细介绍了直升机视景数据库的结构形式,描述了视景数据库的设计和实现方法,分析了其中的关键技术并提出了解决措施。     

视景系统的发展与市场

视景系统是全功能飞行模拟器(FFS)的一个主要组成部分。尽管飞行员对FFS的视景系统会产生各种各样的想法,但随着飞行模拟器国际鉴定标准的形成,制造厂商只能按要求提供物理法则允许做的产品,管理机构也要照章控制。 近一年多来,视景系统市场发生了很多变化,飞行安全公司收购了麦道电子系统公司,CAE公司推出了自己研制的Maxvue视景系统,并已开始配备他们生产的FFS。休斯丽的呼声公司(HRSL)也推出了一种新型视景系统。SEOS显示公司开创了一套低成本宽视角显示系统。但由于经济衰退等因素给低成本图像发生器生产厂家带来的压力,使这部分产品的销售特别困难。     

基于OSG的飞行仿真系统视景平台的研究与开发

分析了飞行仿真系统的特征,并对其应用需求进行分析,在此基础上完成了系统视景平台的规划与设计。采用OpenSenceGraph（OSG）开源场景图形库对视景平台进行开发,针对需求分析实现了飞行仿真系统视景平台各模块的基本功能。     

飞行模拟器视景生成

提出基于 MultiGen Creator 和 Vega 开发出飞机训练模拟器视景系统的视景节点的软硬件配置要求;论述了基于 Creator 的实体建模方法、基于 Creator 建模和 Vega 软件环境的空中、海面等环境的生成方法、视景仿真软件开发过程以及整体系统的实现等关键技术。仿真结果表明,该视景系统能逼真地演示飞机训练模拟器的仿真过程,并且满足系统仿真实时性的要求。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。