小型无人机实时仿真系统设计与实现

介绍了一种面向小型无人机实时仿真系统的设计与实现。系统的硬件平台采用PC/104总线的体系结构。利用RTKernel实时核开发基于DOS的实时多任务应用程序。文中就系统结构、飞机模型、传感器仿真、仿真算法、实时多任务应用程序编写进行了详细的论述。该系统已成功应用于某小型无人机仿真。     

传感器无人机发展状况及其关键技术

传感器无人机由于采用无人机-传感器一体化设计,具有载荷资源多、预警威力大、高空长航时等优势,成为各军事强国的研究热点。通过对传感器无人机系统总体、气动构型和共形传感器三个方面的简要介绍,阐述了传感器无人机的发展状况,并对传感器无人机研制的关键技术进行了简要分析,可为传感器无人机的研制提供必要的理论指导。     

微型无人机磁航向测量系统的设计与实现

基于地磁测量原理的磁阻传感器具有体积小、启动快、功耗低等优点,以磁阻传感器为核心设计并实现了一种低成本微型无人机磁航向测量系统,介绍了磁阻传感器的工作原理,给出了航向角的计算方法,对硬件电路和软件设计进行分析研究。转台实验表明,基于磁阻传感器的微型无人机磁航向测量系统达到了设计要求。     

基于局域网的无人机实时通用仿真系统

讨论了一种面向对象的、独立于特定无人机的实时通用仿真系统的设计与实现。系统硬件平台采用了基于局域网的多机分布式体系结构。系统软件采用了基于windows平台的面向对象的设计语言。文中就模型解算、网络通信、通用无人机模型数据库及三维动画显示技术作了详细的论述。该系统现已成功用于某型无人机的实时仿真中。     

基于压电传感网络的结构健康监测扫查系统的设计及实验研究(英文)

基于主动Lamb波和压电传感器网络的结构健康监测技术是一种评估航空结构健康状态的有效方法。在实际应用中,监测大型结构需要使用压电传感器网络。扫查这些压电传感器网络中的压电激励-传感通道以达到在线的结构健康监测是非常重要的。基于PXI(PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation)平台,研发了一套基于主动Lamb波和压电传感器网络的集成多通道扫查系统,该系统结构紧凑、便于携带,能大规模自动扫查激励-传感通道并进行损伤评估。提出和讨论了该系统中:4通道PXI程控增益电荷放大器的实现、支持276个激励-传感通道的外部扫查模块和集成的结构健康监测软件的实现。最后,主要讨论了系统在某型无人机碳纤维复合材料机翼盒段上的功能验证实验,包括:压电贴层的设计、激励信号频率的选择方法、损伤成像的功能性测试、系统稳定性测试和载荷对信号的影响。实验结果验证了该系统的稳定性和损伤监测功能。     

小型无人机空速系统误差分析及校正方法研究

小型无人机体积小、速度低、带载荷能力有限,而小型硅压阻传感器具有小型化、数字化的优点,特别适合于对体积重量有要求的众多中小型无人机选用.本文结合某小型无人机空速系统的研究,针对目前多运用于小型无人机上基于硅压阻传感器的空速系统误差产生的原因进行了分析,并根据大多数无人机采用GPS导航的特点提出简便易行的校正方法.经过试...     

无线传感器网络节点的研究与设计

无线传感器网络节点的设计,对于构成一个实际的无线传感器网络应用系统具有重要意义。本文在对ZigBee协议和无线传感器网络体系结构进行论述的基础上,设计了一种基于ZigBee协议和PIC18F4620单片机的无线传感器网络节点。该节点采用了一款符合IEEE802.15.4标准的ZigBee无线网络芯片CC2420,通过PIC18F4620单片机的SPI接口实现单片机和ZigBee芯片的通讯。文中对该节点开发设计过程中的主要问题进行了较详细的论述,对传感器网络设计与应用具有参考价值。     

多源冗余容错导航计算系统的设计与实现

常规无人机在余度配置传感器的信号处理、余度管理、故障检测与隔离等环节占用飞控计算机过多运算资源,增加了飞控计算机的整体负荷,致使全系统可靠性降低;与此同时,传统的传感器余度配置方案和导航计算机余度设计在工程中存在方案不完备和实时性较差等局限性。鉴于此,提出一种多源冗余容错导航计算系统的解决方案,给出系统的软硬件设计方法,并基于非相似余度技术设计多源冗余传感器硬件和软件滤波算法,采用双CPU+FPGA的架构设计多源冗余容错导航计算机硬件平台以及模块化软件架构,实现了系统的软硬件的开发。经过实际测试和试验,验证了系统具有通信速率快、可靠性高和稳定性好等特点,满足了高可靠性飞控系统对新型组合惯导的需求。     

风洞无线智能传感器网络及无线测量技术研究

风洞试验现场,特别是大型连续式风洞试验现场的电磁环境非常恶劣,而风洞实验中的测量信号又是毫伏级的微弱信号,采用传统测量方式难以克服恶劣的电磁环境对测量系统的干扰。对于运动物体或无法布线的试验环境进行参数测量时,传统测量方式完全不起作用。针对上述问题,笔者对风洞无线智能传感器网络和无线测量技术进行了研究,采用ZIGBEE技术实现了风洞无线智能传感器网络和基于该网络的无线测量模块。极大地增强了测量系统的抗干扰能力,提高了风洞试验的精细化程度,降低了测量系统的经济成本。     

民用航空发动机传感器信号重构方法及其应用

以转速传感器为例,研究了基于信号合成的航空发动机高精度的传感器信号重构方法.针对民用大涵道比涡扇发动机,分析选取了用于转速传感器信号合成的参数,完成了传感器信号全包线稳态合成和动态补偿的原理分析及设计.利用发动机控制系统全数字仿真平台,对信号合成的结果进行了仿真测试.结果显示:转速合成信号的稳态误差不超过1%,动态误差不超过3%,表明该传感器信号重构方法具有高精度.      

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.