跨声速压气机动叶平面叶栅实验

对某跨声速压气机动叶根部叶型平面叶栅流场在不同冲角和进口等熵马赫数下进行了详细的测量,得到了冲角特性曲线和叶片表面及端壁静压.结果表明:负冲角及零冲角时,叶栅出口总压损失系数随进口等熵马赫数增加变化不大,而在正冲角时变化较大.相同进口等熵马赫数下,负冲角和零冲角时,叶片负荷较高;正冲角时,由于气流分离严重,叶片负荷下降,叶栅出口总压损失系数升高.随冲角由负冲角向正冲角增加,气流落后角逐渐增大,叶栅出口总压损失系数先减小后增大,最小值为0.034.冲角相同时,随进口等熵马赫数增加,叶栅出口总压损失系数总体呈增加趋势.      

开槽叶片对大转角扩压叶栅性能的影响

采用从压力面向吸力面开槽的局部流动控制方法,设计了一种收敛转折型的槽道结构.实验对不同冲角下开槽叶栅的进、出口流场进行了测量,利用实验结果对数值模拟结果进行了校核,通过数值计算进一步得到了详细的叶栅通道内流场情况,并进行了结构静力分析.结果表明:在4°进气攻角下,开槽后叶栅尾迹区宽度减小了16.7%,总压损失系数峰值减小了6.07%;在6°进气攻角下,总压损失系数峰值减小了14.7%.叶片开槽从压力面吸入的气流可有效加速吸力面附面层流动,抑制吸力面分离,从而降低总压损失,增大静压比,扩大稳定工作范围.槽道前壁面的转折处存在应力集中,需要进行改进.      

亚声速压气机平面叶栅雷诺数影响试验

采用降低试验压力减小试验叶栅弦长雷诺数的方法,研究了UKG030.3压气机叶型叶片表面和尾迹区域气流随雷诺数、马赫数及攻角变化的流动特性,获得了表面等熵马赫数、总压损失系数等参数随雷诺数的变化规律。试验结果表明：弦长雷诺数减小到一定程度时,叶片吸力面峰值马赫数位置之后会逐渐呈现流动分离气泡产生、分离气泡扩大至分离气泡破碎的过程;长分离气泡出现以后尾迹宽度和叶型总压损失突然急剧增大,但损失突增所对应的临界雷诺数并不一致;叶型总压损失和弦长雷诺数经地面状态参数比值处理以后可以发现,总压损失比突增位置处于0.4倍弦长雷诺数比附近。     

局部及全叶高合成射流对高速压气机静叶栅流场结构的影响

数值研究了合成射流控制高速压气机静叶栅吸力面角区分离,对比分析了不同射流结构对叶栅内流场结构及气动性能的影响。研究结果表明:合成射流通过周期性地吹气和吸气推迟角区分离、降低总压损失,由于吹气和吸气阶段的作用效果不同,使得叶栅出口损失系数的改善效果呈现出周期性波动。合成射流对通道涡以及角区二次流的有效控制是其取得良好控制效果的关键,当冲角为2°时,局部、全叶高方案最大可使总压损失系数分别降低22.2%和23.8%。由于局部叶高方案无法控制叶展中部的流动,造成该区域的尾迹损失增大,从而导致其流动控制效果弱于全叶高方案。两种射流结构都具有良好的变工况适应特性,全叶高方案在大冲角时逐渐体现出其优势,当冲角为4°时,总压损失系数的改善幅度相比局部叶高方案提高了2.8%。      

带围带的涡轮叶栅间隙泄漏流动与气动性能实验

针对叶型转折角为108.1°的涡轮直叶栅,利用低速风洞,实验研究了带围带和无围带情况下叶栅出口截面的流场结构和叶栅气动性能.研究了不同围带上腔间隙、不同来流冲角情况下叶栅出口截面二次流结构、气流角分布及总压损失系数变化情况.结果表明:相对无围带叶栅,围带能够有效控制叶顶间隙泄漏,降低叶栅气动损失;随着围带与上端壁之间高度的增大,泄漏流体增多,导致泄漏流体与主流掺混的气动损失增大.对于所研究的叶栅,围带与端壁间的间隙高度不应大于1%叶展.冲角变化影响叶栅中的三维涡系结构及其强度,对叶片吸力面静压分布影响较为明显.适当的正冲角能够改善流动状况,进而提高大转折角叶栅的气动性能.      

可控扩散叶型与双圆弧叶型实验对比研究

为对比不同压气机叶型的流动特征,在高亚声速平面叶栅风洞内对相同设计速度三角形的可控扩散叶型和双圆弧叶型进行了平面叶栅实验,对两套叶型的表面马赫数、尾迹总压等参数分布进行了测量。实验结果表明:设计点可控扩散叶型总压损失比双圆弧叶型小近1倍,出口气流角小2.0°;在吸力面气流分离前,出口气流角随攻角和马赫数变化小于1.0°,尾迹核心区位置保持不变;双圆弧叶型吸力面近尾缘存在一定区域气流分离,受分离区影响,随进口马赫数增加,出口气流角变化达到4°,尾迹核心区移动了近20%栅距。     

尾缘喷气方式对涡轮叶栅气动性能的影响

以某涡轮叶栅为研究对象,采用试验和数值模拟相结合的方式研究了涡轮叶片不同喷气结构对叶栅性能的影响。对半开缝和对开缝两种尾缘冷气喷射的研究表明:当冷气流量比较小时,有一个总压损失随冷气量增大先增加后减小的趋势:当冷气量较大时,冷气造成的总压损失随冷气增大而减小。在相同条件下,半开缝叶栅出口的总压损失系数小于对开缝叶栅出口的总压损失系数。叶栅出口平均气流角随着喷气比的增大呈减小的趋势,但变化范围很小。     

不同掠弯扩压叶栅变工况气动性能比较

实验研究了变工况条件下由不同掠弯叶片组成的平面扩压叶栅出口总压损失及二次流矢量分布,并给出了叶片表面墨迹流动显示结果。研究表明弯掠叶栅能够最大程度地改善角区流动,避免流动分离,叶栅出口总压损失对冲角变化不敏感,正冲角下总损失增加较小且吸力面角区也不存在明显的分离。通过增大中径处的设计冲角或进行弯掠匹配优化进一步提高变工况性能的潜力巨大,对提高压气机性能具有实际价值。      

低雷诺数亚声速扩压平面叶栅试验

采用试验方法研究了某亚声速扩压叶型叶片表面和尾迹区气流在低雷诺数条件下的流动特点,获得了叶型损失系数在不同雷诺数情况下的变化规律.试验结果表明:随着低雷诺数降低,叶片表面马赫数分布以及叶栅尾迹区流动均发生剧烈的变化,叶型损失系数也急剧增大;叶型性能变化的转折雷诺数随进口马赫数增大而增大;低雷诺数下叶片吸力面的流动分离是引起叶栅尾迹特性改变和损失系数迅速增大的主要原因.      

楔形涡流发生器影响高负荷叶栅性能的机理研究

为探究楔形涡流发生器流动控制技术的作用机理,对一低来流马赫数高负荷扩压叶栅开展数值模拟研究。提出在叶片前缘安装涡流发生器的方案,并对比分析了采用涡流发生器前后叶栅性能及通道内二次流结构的改变。研究结果表明,楔形涡流发生器诱导的吸/压力面涡类似于叶片前缘的马蹄涡,卷吸附面层低能流体,提高其抗逆压梯度能力,进而削弱横向流动,抑制角区分离;涡流发生器的强漩涡结构改善了叶栅通道二次流,使得损失重新分布,叶栅-3°到7°攻角范围内的气动性能显著提升,设计点-1°攻角时平均总压损失系数下降8.04%,平均静压系数增大7.75%,5°攻角时平均总压损失系数下降15.87%,平均静压系数增大21.79%。     

从科技论文的特点看科技论文的选题

本文论述了科技文的特点及选师原则。在特点方面主要就科技论文的科学性,创造性,理论性进行了阐述,在选题方面科技论文选题的客观需要与主条件进行阐述,旨在揭示科技论文的特点与课题选择之间的关系,从而了解其特点,并据此选题,写出符合要求的科技论文。     

某任务计算机调试设备配套软件的设计与实现

简介了任务计算机调试设备配套软件在任务计算机仿真环境中的重要作用 ,对该软件设计方法和流程进行了详细的说明 ,主要介绍了VC ++6 .0环境下串行通信和显示控制软件的设计技术 ,并讨论了如何提高应用程序性能的途径。     

Effect of a transverse plasma jet on a shock wave induced by a ramp

We conducted experiments in a wind tunnel with Mach number 2 to explore the evolution of a transverse plasma jet and its modification effect on a shock wave induced by a ramp with an angle of 24°. The transverse plasma jet was created by arc discharge in a small cylindrical cavity with a 2 mm diameter orifice. Three group tests with different actuator arrangements in the spanwise or streamwise direction upstream from the ramp were respectively studied to compare their disturbances to the shock wave. As shown by a time-resolved schlieren system, an unsteady motion of the shock wave by actuation was found: the shock wave was significantly modified by the plasma jet with an upstream motion and a reduced angle. Compared to spanwise actuation, a more intensive impact was obtained with two or three streamwise actuators working together. From shock wave structures, the control effect of the plasma jet on the shock motion based on a thermal effect, a potential cause of shock modification, was discussed. Furthermore, we performed a numerical simulation by using the Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation(IDDES) method to simulate the evolution of the transverse plasma jet plume produced by two streamwise actuators. The results show that flow structures are similar to those identified in schlieren images. Two streamwise vortices were recognized, which indicates that the higher jet plume is the result of the overlap of two streamwise jets.     

Flow about a jet source with a deflector

We suggest a method to solve one of the model problems of aerohydrodynamics, namely, a problem of a flow about a point source, from which a fluid with density and total pressure, different from the corresponding values in the incoming flow enters. The calculations are carried out for various values of the determining parameter; and the data are compared with the known results. We revealed the advantages of the suggested method in comparison with the known ones.     

Impact of a cavitation bubble on a wall

Impulse action of a cavitation bubble on a rigid wall is studied depending on the distance between them. We determine the distances at which the periphery pressure maximums on a wall are preserved as well as the distances at which these maximums exceed the water hammer pressure.     

Analysis of a redshifted plasma flow over a sunspot

The ultraviolet spectrum of a redshifted plasma flow appearing over a sunspot observed during the first flight of the High Resolution Telescope Spectrograph (HRTS I) is analysed, and interpreted as a radiatively cooling plasma. For most of the lines emitted from this plasma, the assumption of ionization equilibrium during the cooling is good. However for He II (and other ions with a single electron outside of closed shells), this is not the case. Integrating differential equations for the various ionization fractions of helium and the temperature allows an approximate determination of the abundance of helium relative to other elements whose lines appear in the spectrum of the plasma flow.     

The intersection of a Loxodrome with a great circle

The intersections of a loxodrome (rhumb line) and a great circle are of interest for some navigational problems, but a closed-form solution cannot be formulated. An algorithm is given for computing approximations to any desired degree of accuracy using Newton's method. By using the equatorial angle φ as an independent variable all solutions can be found rapidly using the modest computational capabilities of a personal computer     

Oscillations of a viscous liquid in a cylindrical container

The natural damped frequencies of a viscous liquid in a circular cylindrical container are obtained for slipping and anchored contact line at the container wall r = a. In addition the response to translational forced excitation has been determined. The results may also be applied to viscous liquid in a micro-gravity environment, as long as the contact angle of the liquid surface to the cylindrical container wall is in the vicinity of π/2, indicating, that the free liquid surface equilibrium position remains a plane surface. It could be found that there exists in contrast to frictionless liquid a small filling range, in which the liquid performs only an aperiodic motion. The adherence condition at the side wall was replaced by the somewhat weaker condition of an anchored contact line.     

Solving a radiation problem with forward speed using a lifting surface method with a Green''s function

The progress of seakeeping computations requires development of computating codes for unsteady flows around a ship or its elements. In this paper, we present a method of calculation concerning waves radiated by an oscillating surface-piercing flat plate with forward speed, with a yaw angle. By use of Green's third identity, the problem is transformed into the resolution of a Fredholm integral equation of the first kind by a panel method using Green's function. The Green's diffraction-radiation function with forward speed is used. Its numerical values are calculated by an adaptative integration procedure to reduce the computation time. The present method permits determination of the pressure jump distribution across the plate, the total forces and moments. The results obtained are compared with other numerical methods in hydrodynamics and in aerodynamics, and with experimental data obtained in a water tank.     

Relativistic Energy-Momentum of a Body with a Finite Volume

The problem of energy-momentum in a body with a finite volume has been causing confusion in the theory of relativity, especially in relativistic thermodynamics. Its correct understanding has been given since the early years of relativity, however, erroneous misunderstandings are still found in papers and textbooks to this date. The present paper introduces a simple paradox to demonstrate the problem, and gives a brief review on a way to handle the energy-momentum correctly.