三维跨声速粘性-无粘相互作用的半逆方法

本文为计算三维跨声速粘性-无粘相互作用提供一半逆方法版本。湍流边界层采用积分反方法。证明了对于跨声速流,选取外部流线角α和等价的不可压缩形参作为输入量,边界层积分方程总是双曲型的。无粘外流采用FL027程序。通过粘性-无粘迭代求得小分离区情况下的与实验符合的收敛解。     

跨声速翼型有粘／无粘强干扰计算

本文介绍一种二元跨声速激波-边界层强干扰的计算方法。边界层计算采用湍流边界层积分反方法,它借助Whitfield和Swafford提供的既适合附着流,也适合分离流的速度剖面表达式。跨声速无粘流用全速势方程模拟。通过边界上排溢速度来考虑粘性的影响,用有粘/无粘迭代得到粘性流解。本方法计算的结果与其它方法以及实验的结果进行了比较,证明该方法可以在工程上推广使用。     

跨声速翼型绕流计算边界层反方法的研究

本文用有限差分方法,通过有粘/无粘迭代计算了二元翼型的跨声速绕流问题。在边界层粘性区域内考虑了层流、转捩及湍流流动,当边界层内出现分离时,使用边界层反方法,采用代数湍流模型。算例表明,对激波/边界层弱干扰和强干扰情况,该方法的结果与风洞实验结果吻合良好,对于求解边界层小分离流场是一种好的近似方法。     

钝体驻点线附近粘性激波层的数值方法

一、引言 在研究高超音速钝头体粘性气体绕流时,驻点区域的气动力参数和热力学参数的预报也是十分重要的。当粘性层很薄时,一直采用古典边界层方程计算;但是,考虑粘性气体与无粘流的相互干扰时,边界层模型已不适用,可用粘性激波层方程来描述极其广泛的来流马赫数及雷诺数的流场。 近年来,不少人致力于驻点线附近流场的计算,有的跨激波,有的分离激波。但     

运动激波绕射过程中的粘性效应

应用 TVD格式求解二维非定常全 N- S方程 ,以研究运动激波绕射现象。考虑粘性后 ,绕凹角流动时 ,压缩拐角附近表面压力分布与实验结果更为符合 ;绕凸起物时 ,出现反射激波因边界层干扰根部加宽 ,前、后角点附近有局部分离与再附 ,并引起局部压力上升 (与无粘流场模拟相比 )等现象。结果表明 ,全 N- S方程可较好地模拟实际粘性流中复杂激波障碍物干扰流场特性     

高超声速球锥粘性激波层压力分裂法数值求解

本文将压力分裂法引入细长钝体高超声速粘性激波层数值求解中,较好地解决了这种流场远后身部分的推进求解问题。针对非解析球锥体绕流数值求解的困难,作者提出了实用型初始激波形状计算方法,达到了简化数值求解步骤,提高数值计算效率的目的,数值求解结果与实验结果相符合。     

粘性跨音速喷管流场计算

本文继用隐式近似因子分解法成功地计算无粘跨音速喷管流场之后,用同样的方法,结合任意曲线坐标系,通过非定常方程在相当长时间后的定常解,针对矩形截面喷管和轴对称喷管粘性跨音速流场,求解了可压缩层流薄层N-S方程,获得了核心流,特别是边界层中的流动参数.对于矩形截面和轴对称两种喷管进行了计算,其结果和实验数据相当一致.将本文的方法应用到粘性两相流动计算,可望较多的节省机时.     

计算带有层流分离的粘性/无粘流相互作用的一个方法

基于粘性/无粘流相互作用模型和边界层积分方程,推导出计算二维和三维不可压层流粘性/无粘流相互作用的方程组。该方程组可以用于带有中等程度的分离和再附情况下。文中给出了计算方法和算例。所得的二维计算结果与其他计算和实验结果相符。本法具有简便迅速的优点。     

直升机旋翼悬停流场的粘性数值模拟

在旋转坐标系下求解可压缩NS方程,对Caradona-Tung旋翼的跨声速悬停流场进行了数值模拟,计算中采用嵌套网格方法,并且应用了多重网格技术加速流场收敛。计算结果表明,多重网格技术显著改善了流场的收敛效率,计算量仅为单重网格的四分之一。文中同时还对无粘和粘性流场进行了对比,NS方程考虑了物面的粘性作用,能正确模拟出激波和边界层的干扰现象,计算得到的桨叶表面压力分布与实验值更加吻合。     

基于欧拉方程的高超声速飞行器的壁面流线生成计算

提出了一种新的利用表面流函数法计算高超声速飞行器表面流线分布的方法.首先提出了表面流函数的概念,并通过理论推导,得到了表面流函数与表面流线的关系;然后运用结构化网格求解三维Eu-ler方程,计算得到高超声速钝头体的边界层外缘外部无粘流场气流参数;最后利用无粘流场气流参数和表面流函数的方法计算了高超声速飞行器的精确表面流线分布.结果表明,在无攻角和攻角小于20°的情况下均可以得到较好的壁面流线分布.高精度的表面流线的得到,为利用边界层内粘性主导区域的积分方程等方法进一步精确预测高超声速飞行器表面的气动加热奠定了基础.      

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.