基于多令牌协议航电WDM光环网波长分配方法

 针对航空电子光网络的实时性问题,建立了航空电子波分复用(WDM)环网模型,以实时消息流矩阵作为网络的输入,依据静态光网络最小化波长数目的优化目标,提出了一种基于多令牌协议的光网络波长分配方法,并推导了航电光网络中光通道的端到端传输时延计算公式。通过对理论计算和仿真结果的分析,此协议下的波长分配方法在网络中可以实现波长重用,比传统环网的波长数目平均降低了58.1%,优化了波长数目,并且多令牌控制协议满足航空电子网络对消息实时性的要求。此方法对于航空电子光网络的设计与性能分析具有参考价值。     

Relaying Selection with Network-coded Cooperative Protocols in Aeronautical Communications

In this article, we exploit the idea of network-coded cooperative protocol in aeronautical communications which combines different source nodes'information at the relay and joint decoding at the destination. Recently, the network coding in cooperative communications has been categorized into two mainstreams, bit-level and signal-level combinations, which are both discussed in the article. And to be exclusively, multiple access relay channel(MARC) is adopted. The mutual information expressions of both above-cited network-coded protocols are deduced, which prove that without proper selected relays to perform network coding, the spatial diversity of the proposed protocol cannot be obtained. This then leads to search for the selection and grouping algorithms. An adjacency matrix is defined to describe the connectivity of the nodes in one radio contact disk, so that, the selection and grouping of algorithm is equivalent to constructing this adjacency matrix to minimize the system outage probability evaluated in term of the mutual information. Besides, a network-coded cooperative protocol requires the acyclic network, of which the construction is to avoid loop-4 in the matrix. The article ends with simulations to demonstrate the viability of the proposed algorithms.     

全球卫星导航星座网络协议体系与运行模式

针对全球卫星导航星座网络建设初期或论证阶段所涉及的网络体系结构、协议体系及相关组网等技术问题,开展了基于导航星座星间链路构建空间信息网络的技术研究,分别提出了由子网、接入网、骨干网等节点及其相互之间星间、星地无线链路构成的分层网络系统结构,设计了兼容遥控、遥测、测量与网络交互支持等业务的基于IP over CCSDS(基于空间数据系统咨询委员会标准的空间链路承载互联网协议业务)的协议体系,给出了全系统基本通信业务运行模式等。与传统高轨卫星通信系统相比,该星座网络具有高覆盖、低时延、随遇接入等优点,可实现星座导航性能与中低轨及地面用户通信性能的全方位提升,相关结果对我国全球卫星导航星座网络技术研究具有一定的参考意义。     

Ergodic sum rate for uplink NOMA transmission in satellite-aerial-ground integrated networks

The application of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) technology into satellite-aerial-ground integrated networks can meet the requirements of ultra-high rate and massive connectivity for the Sixth-Generation (6G) communication systems. We consider an uplink NOMA scenario for such a satellite-aerial-ground integrated network where multiple users communicate with satellite under the help of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) as an aerial relay equipped with a phased array. Supposing that buffer-aided decode-and-forward protocol is adopted at the UAV relay, we first formulate an optimization problem to maximize Ergodic Sum Rate (ESR) of the considered system subject to individual power constraint and quality-of-service constraint of each user. Then, with known imperfect channel state information of each user, we propose a joint power allocation and robust Beam Forming (BF) iterative algorithm to maximize ESR for the user-to-UAV link. Besides, to take the advantages of Free-Space Optical (FSO) and millimeter Wave (mmWave) communications, we present a switch-based hybrid FSO/mmWave scheme and a robust BF algorithm for the UAV-to-satellite link to achieve higher rate. Moreover, a closed-form ESR expression is derived. Finally, the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed solutions are verified by numerical simulations, and the performance evaluation results show that the proposed solutions not only achieve performance enhancement and robustness, but also outperform the orthogonal multiple access significantly.     

飞机起飞着陆性能智能计算模型及应用

提出了一种飞机起飞着陆性能智能计算思路。详细分析了影响飞机高原起飞着陆性能的主要因素,提出了高原起飞着陆性能智能计算的一般模型,然后采用支持向量机(Support Vector Machines,SVM)对某型飞机高原起飞滑跑距离实测数据进行了建模和验算,同时为说明支持向量机模型适合工程使用、精度高、推广性高的优点,还与贝叶斯正则化BP神经网络(BRBP)、RBF神经网络(RBF)、自适应神经模糊推理系统(ANFIS)做了比较。计算结果表明,支持向量机具有很好的推广性能,得到的结果优于BRBP,RBF和ANFIS等智能计算方法,推广误差能够满足工程的实际需要。该模型对于发展和丰富飞行器起飞着陆性能计算理论具有一定的参考价值。     

A performance analysis of DS-CDMA and SCPC VSAT networks

Spread-spectrum and single-channel-per-carrier (SCPC) transmission techniques work well in very small aperture terminal (VSAT) networks for multiple-access purposes while allowing the Earth station antennas to remain small. Direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) is the simplest spread-spectrum technique to use in a VSAT network since a frequency synthesizer is not required for each terminal. An examination is made of the DS-CDMA and SCPC Ku-band VSAT satellite systems for low-density (64-kb/s or less) communications. A method for improving the standard link analysis of DS-CDMA satellite-switched networks by including certain losses is developed. The performance of 50-channel full mesh and star network architectures is analyzed. The selection of operating conditions producing optimum performance is demonstrated     

TP-Satellite: A New Transport Protocol for Satellite IP Networks

As a result of the exponential growth of the worldwide Internet, satellite systems are used to support broadband Internet access. Existing TCP protocols perform very well for Internet access on wired networks. However, in the case of satellite channels, due to the effects of high bandwidth asymmetry, long propagation delay, high sporadic bit error rate (BER) and burst errors, TCP performance degrades significantly. In this paper, a new end-to-end transport protocol, TP-Satellite, is proposed for satellite IP networks. TP-Satellite replaces the traditional slow start algorithm with a novel super start algorithm. In order to distinguish congestion events from link errors, a new scheme is introduced, which is based on alternate transmission of different class priority packets. Bandwidth asymmetry problems are addressed by the adoption of a modified negative acknowledgement (M-NACK) strategy, which periodically sends M-NACK packets. Simulation results show that TP-Satellite enhances the throughput performance on the forward path, reduces the bandwidth used in the reverse path, and offers a fair share of network resources.     

IEEE 802.11安全算法WEP

有线等价协议WEP是在IEEE802．1l标准中采用的信息保密机制，它主要用于保障无线局域网络中链路层信息数据的保密。对WEP的工作机理进行了分析，重点对其安全性能进行了研究，并发现WEP不能对无线局域网中的数据提供可靠的保护。最后，提出了对WEP进行改进的建议。     

Layernet: a self-organizing protocol for small ad hoc networks

A self-organizing protocol is proposed for small ad hoc networks. Among this protocol's original features is the initial creation of an asynchronous sparse tree topology followed by a transition to a more fully connected network and synchronous scheduling. An efficient address bundling technique and unique reliability simulation results for this protocol are also presented     

移动Ad Hoc网络中一种有效多址协议的性能仿真

基于有效竞争预约接入、无冲突轮询传输的思想,本文提出了支持节点移动性和多跳网络结构的依据用户妥善安排的多址接入(UPMA)协议,并使用网络仿真工具OPNET评估了它的多址性能。仿真结果表明,该协议显著提高了多跳网络的业务传输效率。     

PTDN技术在航天测控通信网的应用研究

针对我国航天测控通信网采用TCP/IP(Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol,传输控制协议/互联网协议)导致的协议无法自主可控、服务质量难以保障以及网络资源难以精细化管理等问题,分析了国际上通信网络技术的现状及发展趋势,在介绍PTDN(Packet Telecommunication Data Network,分组通信数据网)技术的基础上,进行了PTDN技术在航天测控通信网中的适用性分析,给出了协议应用带来的效果改善以及存在的不足。随后,结合PTDN技术的未来发展情况,提出了该技术在航天测控通信网中的应用部署策略。最后,搭建实验环境对航天测控通信网采用PTDN技术的效果进行了实验测试,结果表明PTDN技术可有效支持除组播传输以外的其他业务应用。     

Mobility control of unmanned aerial vehicle as communication relay in airborne multi-user systems

In this paper, a model-based adaptive mobility control method for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) acting as a communication relay is presented, which is intended to improve the network performance in airborne multi-user systems. The mobility control problem is addressed by jointly considering unknown Radio Frequency(RF) channel parameters, unknown multi-user mobility, and non-available Angle of Arrival(AoA) information of the received signal. A Kalman filter and a least-square-based estimation algorithm are used to predict the future user positions and estimate the RF channel parameters between the users and the UAV, respectively. Two different relay application cases are considered: end-to-end and multi-user communications. A line search algorithm is proposed for the former, with its stability given and proven, whereas a simplified gradient-based algorithm is proposed for the latter to provide a target relay position at each decision time step, decreasing the two-dimensional search to a one-dimensional search. Simulation results show that the proposed mobility control algorithms can drive the UAV to reach or track the optimal relay position movement, as well as improving network performance. The proposed method reflects the properties of using different metrics as objective network performance functions.     

High-speed avionic optical fiber CDMA networks

With applications of systems integration technology to advanced aircrafts, high-speed and high-capacity optical fiber communication networks should be employed to support airborne broadband communication services. To guarantee real-time multiuser communications over a network, the selection of medium-access schemes is critical for avionics applications. In this paper, we briefly discuss the issues on high-speed multiple-access techniques and their applicability. Then we focus on the design and operation aspects of avionic optical fiber code-division multiple access (CDMA) networks. Some practical considerations on implementing such a CDMA network are also addressed and further improvement is pointed out. It is shown that avionic optical fiber CDMA networks can find a use in real-time avionic sensor data distribution, data exchange, and computer interconnects     

空间信息传输协议测试平台研究

未来空间任务的复杂性不断提高,开发一个低成本的地面综合测试平台环境,通过模拟和仿真以确认、优化和验证空间信息传输的协议体系结构、先进技术和应用服务具有十分重要意义。文章描述了空间信息传输协议测试平台的应用对象和研究目标,提出了总体技术框架和功能组成,以未来月球任务为研究对象,分析了测试平台实验场景及测试方法步骤。     

无人机中继平台覆盖区域统计模型简

 针对中继信号覆盖区域确定性模型没有考虑信道随机衰落影响的问题,提出了一种基于中断概率的无人机（UAVs）中继平台信号覆盖半径统计模型。通过将中继链路建模为包含路径损耗、阴影衰落和多径衰落的复合分布模型,推导获得中继信号覆盖半径的概率分布,并给出一种利用中断概率数值求解覆盖半径的方法。仿真结果表明,信道衰落对覆盖半径影响非常大,当中断概率小于10%时,覆盖半径仅为无衰落信道时的一半。研究结果对移动自组织网络（MANETs）中的中继网络的无人机最优布置、飞行策略以及网络性能评估等具有重要的参考价值。     

无人机中继平台覆盖区域统计模型

针对中继信号覆盖区域确定性模型没有考虑信道随机衰落影响的问题,提出了一种基于中断概率的无人机（UAVs）中继平台信号覆盖半径统计模型。通过将中继链路建模为包含路径损耗、阴影衰落和多径衰落的复合分布模型,推导获得中继信号覆盖半径的概率分布,并给出一种利用中断概率数值求解覆盖半径的方法。仿真结果表明,信道衰落对覆盖半径影响非常大,当中断概率小于10%时,覆盖半径仅为无衰落信道时的一半。研究结果对移动自组织网络（MANETs）中的中继网络的无人机最优布置、飞行策略以及网络性能评估等具有重要的参考价值。     

光纤通道节点端口状态机的分析、建模与仿真

随着航电系统的发展,传统的通信网络已经不能满足发展需要,光纤通道(FC)技术已成为航电系统新一代高性能网络的研究方向.研制机载FC网络,其中一个重要环节是FC协议分析,FC节点端口状态机作为FC-2层中最为基础但最为复杂的功能块需要重点突破.分析了FC节点端口状态机的状态组成,基于0PNET Modeler仿真软件,说明了FC端口状态机的建模和仿真结果,通过仿真分析为下一步深入研究FC协议积累了一些理论基础.     

基于身份的空间网络安全研究

空间网络安全的研究是天地一体化网络研究的重要组成部分,日益受到研究人员的重视。本文根据空间网络面临的安全威胁,分析需要采用的安全机制,构建了空间网络的安全体系结构。深入分析基于身份的密码体制（IBC）,在空间网络中应用IBC提供安全服务框架,以此为基础,提出了一种密钥交换协议,并详细描述了安全通信的建立过程。分析表明,同传统的基于公钥基础设施（PKI）体制的安全解决方案相比,IBC具有较低的存储、通信和计算开销,是适合空间网络的有效安全方案。     

AeroMTP: A fountain code-based multipath transport protocol for airborne networks

Airborne networks(ANs) are special types of ad hoc networks that can be used to enhance situational awareness, flight coordination and flight efficiency in civil and military aviation.Compared to ground networks, ANs have some unique attributes including high node mobility, frequent topology changes, mechanical and aerodynamic constrains, strict safety requirements and harsh communication environment.Thus, the performance of conventional transmission control protocol(TCP) will be dramatically degraded in ANs.Aircraft commonly have two or more heterogeneous network interfaces which offer an opportunity to form multiple communication paths between any two nodes in ANs.To satisfy the communication requirements in ANs, we propose aeronautical multipath transport protocol(Aero MTP) for ANs, which effectively utilizes the available bandwidth and diversity provided by heterogeneous wireless paths.Aero MTP uses fountain codes as forward error correction(FEC) codes to recover from data loss and deploys a TCP-friendly rate-based congestion control mechanism for each path.Moreover, we design a packet allocation algorithm based on optimization to minimize the delivery time of blocks.The performance of Aero MTP is evaluated through OMNe T++ simulations under a variety of test scenarios.Simulations demonstrate that Aero MTP is of great potential to be applied to ANs.     

无人机自组网络多媒体数据传输路由算法研究

针对无人机自组网络多媒体数据传输中链路不稳定问题,提出了一种无人机自组网络多媒体数据传输路由算法。该算法在GPSR路由算法基础上,结合无人机多媒体通信的特点,充分考虑了位置、速度、运动方向这三个因素对选择下一跳节点的影响,从而达到同时兼顾三者和提高链路性能的目的。提出的算法具有开销小、可靠性高等优点,有效提高了分组交付率以及降低了平均端到端延迟,从而提高了无人机自组网络多媒体数据传输的性能。